汽车与环保解读

摘 要

汽车在我国能源消耗和大气排放中均占较大比重。其年耗油量已接近全国成品油总量的60%，汽车尾气已成为我国城市大气污染中数量最大、累积性最强的毒气,直接危害人体健康的同时，也极大破坏了人类的生存环境。

汽车产业的节能环保，符合我国能源供给实际和大众消费水平，有利于缓解能源紧张状况，保护环境，对于落实国家能源发展战略，加快建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会，具有重要意义。

关键词：汽车，大气污染，节能环保

Abstract

Car to account for a larger proportion of China's energy consumption and atmospheric emissions. Annual fuel consumption is close to 60% of the country's total refined oil, automobile exhaust has become the largest number of urban air pollution in the most cumulative poison gas directly harmful to human health, but also greatly undermine the survival of the human environment.

Automotive industry, energy saving and environmental protection, in line with China's energy supply and the level of mass consumption, will help alleviate the energy shortage situation, protect the environment, and is of great significance to the implementation of the national energy development strategy, accelerate the construction of resource-saving and environment-friendly society.

Key words: automotive, Air pollution, energy saving and environmental protection

目 录

1 引言 ................................................................................................................................... 5 2 汽车噪声的来源与危害 ................................................................................................... 5

2.1 汽车噪声的来源 ......................................................................................................... 5 2.2 汽车尾气与噪声的危害 .............................................................................................. 6

2.2.1 汽车噪声对人们生活的危害 ............................................................................. 7 2.2.2 如何减小汽车的噪声 ....................................................................................... 7

3 汽车节能环保技术发展现状 ........................................................................................... 8

3.1 汽车关键零部件技术 .................................................................................................. 8

3.1.1 电控喷射汽油发动机 ....................................................................................... 8 3.1.2 柴油发动机 ..................................................................................................... 8 3.2汽车新能源技术.......................................................................................................... 8

3.2.1 氢动力-零污染的新能源 .................................................................................. 8 3.2.2 燃料电池 ......................................................................................................... 8 3.2.3 纯电动轿车和混合动力车 ............................................................................... 9

4 我国汽车与环保发展对策 ............................................................................................... 9

4.1 积极开展新能源汽车研发 ......................................................................................... 10 4.2 抓好新能源汽车示范推广与运用 ................................................................................ 6 4.3 实施节能与新能源汽车科研 ..................................................................................... 11 4.4 实施动力电池突破计划 ............................................................................................ 11 4.5 建立新能源汽车产业联盟 ........................................................................................... 7 4.6 全面构建标准和测试体系 ........................................................................................... 7 4.7 完善燃料消耗量评价体系 ......................................................................................... 12

5 总结 ................................................................................................................................. 12 参考文献 ............................................................................................................................... 9 致 谢 ................................................................................................................................... 10