中考冲刺七：写作技巧
【真题再现】 书面表达
你身边的每个人对你来说都具有特殊的意义。请以“My special ___________”为题用英语写一篇短文，描述你家庭的某个成员或你的朋友、老师、同学等。
要求：
1.在题目空格处填入你要描述的对象， 如grandma, teacher 或friend等； 2. 文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称； 3.80词左右。
My special _______
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
根据中文和英文提示，用英文写一封意思连贯、符合逻辑、不少于50词的邮件。邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
假如你叫李华，你们学校为配合北京申办冬奥会，倡导人人都做文明中学生。请你根据以下提示，给你的英国笔友Peter写一封邮件，告诉他你认为做个文明中学生什么是重要的，你通常是怎么做的，以及你的感受。
提示词语：think, smile, respect, say hello to, wait in line, on time, happy
1. What is important for a middle school student? (Being polite to others? Following rules?…) 2. What do you usually do? 3. How do you feel?
Dear Peter,
How is it going? At my school we’re talking about what we should do to be a good student. __________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
Anything new at your school?
Yours, Li Hua 【答案与解析】
My special grandma
My grandma is special to me because we're like friends. She always helps me out whenever I am in trouble. There are no secrets between us.
When I am with my grandma, we spend a lot of happy time together. I know my grandma is very smart because she seems to know everything. My grandma is good at many things. One thing she's best at is cooking. She often cooks delicious food for me. I know my grandma loves me and I love her as well. Dear Peter,
How is it going? At my school we’re talking about what we should do to be a good student. I think it is important to be polite to others. I say hello to my teachers and classmates. I smile to everyone I talk to. Following rules is also important. I wait in line at the bus stop and go to school on time. I feel happy for doing all this, because it is right for a student to do so.
Anything new at your school?
Yours, Li Hua 【用法讲解】 考试要求：
书面表达是考查学生应用书面文字交流信息的能力。书面表达是学生综合运用英语能力的重要考查方式。中考要求是：
1. 学生能够根据提示和要求搜集素材；
2. 学生能够独立书写短文和短信，并能自我修改；
3. 学生能够运用一些连词或者关联连词表示顺序和逻辑关系，使短文流畅； 4. 学生能够根据图示和表格写出简单的说明文。
纵观全国各地的中考英语试卷，书面表达一般以中文提示、英文提示为主要要求的写作。一般是记叙文比较多，也有说明文和应用文。应用文一般是写书信、通知、请假条、发言稿、寻物启事等。有的要求学生简单写自己对某一事物或者活动的感受和评价。书面表达题材比较贴近学生的生活，是学生关心的社会热点问题。涉及学生的学校生活、家庭生活、社会公益事业（希望工程、志愿者和环境保护）、文化交流活动。这些题材学生比较熟悉，保证了学生有话可写。 1. 中考书面表达的题型
中考英语中的书面表达题，主要有“补全对话”、“看图填词”、“看图写话”、“看图作答”、“看图完成短文”、“看图完成句子”和“根据提示的内容，完成某项写作”等形式。这类题型的考试目的在于：通过书面形式测试考生口头会话和作简单书面表达的能力。
一般说来，测试的主要内容都是以日常生活为背景，进行简单的会话或写作。例如：问候、问路、看病、打电话、购物、自我介绍、便条、通知、短信等功能意念项目和简单的应用文。一个题目写10个左右的句子，字数为60－100个左右。书面表达一般分为：记叙文、说明文和应用文。
1）记叙文
是以写人、叙事为主要内容的一种文体，也是英语书面表达中最普遍、最基本的文体。记叙文一般是记叙某人或者某事，多用一般过去时来记叙。记叙文要有明确的主题和中心思想，记叙文的线索要清晰。记叙文一般包括基本要素即：who（何人），what（何事），when （何时），where （何地），why （何因），how（怎么样）。写记叙文要掌握记叙事情或者人物的人称代词和动词的时态。一般记叙文用第一人称或者第三人称代词来写较好。 例如：
Planting Trees
It was fine on March 12, 2012. I got up early that day. All the students in our school went to the hill near our school and planted trees.
We arrived there at eight o’clock. The teacher asked each of us to plant at least six trees. Then we started digging, planting and watering. We all worked so hard that we could finish our tasks ahead of the time. Among us, Wang Lin, our monitor set a good example for us. Though he was ill, he worked harder. When he finished his task, he went on to help others without having a rest. He was wet all over after work. “I must learn from him,” I said to myself. Looking at the lines of the young trees, we smiled happily, forgetting our tiredness. 2）说明文
是以说明为主要表达方式，用简洁明了的文字介绍事物，说明道理的文章。主要是对事物的类别、性质、特征、状态、功能等进行说明和解释。也可以对事物的发生、发展和消亡的过程进行解说的文章，都是说明文。说明文写作的目的是让读者知道、了解客观世界、掌握问题的解决办法。说明文的特点是：具有知识性、科学性、应用性、解说性、条理性。
写说明文要抓住事物的特点即本质特征，让读者获得全面深刻的认识。要安排好说明的顺序，是时间顺序还是空间顺序。要讲究说明的方法，一般写说明文用下定义、举例子、作比较、列数字、画图表和打比喻。要注意说明文的语言要准确，简洁、通俗生动。 例如：
My Foreign Friend —Tom
Tom Brown is an American boy. He is 17 years old. He lives at 69 Park Road, New York with his parents. Tom is a student in No. 4 High School. On weekdays, he studies very hard. Art and music are his favorite subjects. In his spare time, he likes doing sports. He usually goes swimming three times a week. After supper, he usually walks. On Saturdays, he usually has parties, goes shopping and takes photos. He likes making friends and they always enjoy themselves. After a week’s hard work, he likes staying at home and watching TV on Sundays.
Every year, he goes traveling to many countries. 3）应用文
应用文主要包括：书信、日记、发言稿、电话记录、通知和贺卡。 ①书信
书信的格式：第一种是写信人的地址和日期在右上角，收信人的地址、姓名在左上角，比收信人的地址低一行，书信的正文每一段起行都留5个字母的空间。第二种是每一段的起行都不留空间，段与段之间空一行。写地址时，小的地址在前面，大的地址在后面。第一行写门牌号，街道名称，乡镇名称。第二行写县市区省的名称。第三行写国家的名称。 书信的结构：开场白和结束语
书信的称呼一般用Dear ____，例如：Dear friend，Dear Dad等。 开场白一般用：
Thank you for ____.
It’s a pleasure for me to ______. Glad to get your letter. How are things getting on? 结束语一般用： Best wishes!
Wish you good luck! Write to me soon.
Hope to hear from you.
Give my best wishes to _____.
书信最后的签名是Yours, _____. / Your loving.等。 ②发言稿：
发言稿有三个部分构成：开场白、正文和结束语（表示感谢、祝愿、希望） 例如：
Good morning everyone! We are studying in this school. It’s our duty to keep it clean and tidy. It’s not good to spit in public places, such as in the library or in the classroom. We should neither draw pictures on the walls nor throw any litter on the ground. I think we must make it a rule to do some cleaning every day. If everyone tries his best to do something useful for our school, I am sure our school will be more beautiful. That’s all. Thank you! ③日记：
日记的写作非常简单，第一行开头顶格写月、日、星期，第一行的末尾写天气情况。第二行是日记的正文，格式和书信一样。日记一般是记叙过去的事情，所以用一般过去时比较多。 ④通知：
通知要简洁明了，写清楚时间、地点、事件、人物和发通知的单位和个人姓名。例如： Notice All the Grade One students， There will be a meeting in the dining-hall about how to improve your memory at 3:30 this afternoon. Please get ready for it, and be there on time. Grade One Office June 4, 2008 ⑤请假条：
内容简洁，说明请假的原因和时间就可以了。最后有请假人的姓名。例如：
Dear Mr. Wang, My parents have gone to Beijing, and I have to stay at home to look after my two-year-old sister. So I can’t go to school today. Please give me a two-day off. Yours, Li Lei ⑥贺卡： 贺卡是在欢庆、喜悦的时候表达对自己亲友、老师等人的祝贺所使用的一种友好形式。一般有节日、纪念日贺卡、生日贺卡、成功祝贺贺卡等。贺卡的语言要求简洁、明快，表示祝愿和祝贺的主题。例如： To our Dear teacher, Happy Teachers’ Day! Thank you for teaching us so well. Good luck! Best wishes! From your students. 4）按出题的方式分一般有看图作文和有提示作文等。 ① 看图作文
写好这种文体的关键是正确读图。首先，要看懂图片本身所表示的具体内容，包括人物、时
相关推荐：
loading