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高职高专教育英语课程教学基本要求.

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1.Noun(名词):

l.1 Classes of N:countable vs.uncountable(名词的种类:可数名词与不可数名词) l.2 Number of N(名词的数) 1.3 Irregular plurals(不规则复数)

1.4 Genitive case of N(名词的所有格) l.5 Double genitive(双重所有格)

e.g. a portrait of Mr.Brown's(cf. a portrait of Mr.Brown)

2.Pronoun(代词)

2.1 Personal pronoun(人称代词)

2.2 Demonstrative pronoun(指示代词) 2.3 Possessive pronoun(物主代词) 2.4 Reflexive pronoun(反身代词) 2.5 Interrogative pronoun(疑问代词) 2.6 Indefinite pronoun(不定代词) 2.7 Reciprocal pronoun(相互代词) 2.8 Relative pronoun(关系代词) 3.Numeral(数词)

3.1 Cardinal and ordinal numbers(基数词和序数词) 3.2 Percentage(百分数) 3.3 Fraction(分数) 3.4 Decimal(小数) 3.5 Multiple(倍数)

3.6 Year,Month,Date ,Time(年份、月份、日期、时刻) 4.Determiner(限定词)

4.1 Definite and indefinite articles(定冠词和不定冠词)

4.2 any,all,both,each,every,either,neither,no,this,etc. 4.3 Quantifiers(数量词)

e.g. many,a piece of,etc.

5.Preposition(介词)

5.1 Simple Preposition(简单介词) 5.2 Compound Preposition(复合介词) 6.Adjective(形容词)

6.1 Syntactic function of Adj(形容词的句法功能) 6.2 Adj+Prep 6.3 Adj+to V

6.4 Adj十that-clause 6.5 Too+Adj十to V 6.6 Adj+enough+to V 6.7 so+Adj十as+to V 7.Adverb(副词)

7.1 Syntactic function of Adv(副词的句法功能)

7.2 Adverbs with or without-ly(带-ly和不带-ly的副词)

e.g. high,highly;most,mostly,etc.

7.3 Position of adverbs(副词的位置)

8.The comparative and superlative degrees of Adj/Adv(形容词和副词的比较级和最高级) 9.Verb classes(动词)

9.1 Transitive and intransitive verbs(及物动词和不及物动词) 9.2 Auxiliaries and modal auxiliaries(助动词和情态动词) 9.3 Phrasal Verbs(短语动词)

e.g. depend on ,turn out ,catch up with, etc.

10.Tense(时态)

10.1 Simple present,past,future(一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时) 10.2 present and past progressive(现在进行时和过去进行时) 10.3 Future Progressive(将来进行时)

10.4 Present and past perfect(现在完成时和过去完成时) 10.5 Future perfect(将来完成时)

10.6 Present perfect progressive(现在完成进行时) 10.7 Past perfect progressive(过去完成进行时) 11.Passive voice(被动语态)

11.1 Passive voice in simple tenses(被动语态的一般式)

11.2 Passive voice in perfect and progressive tenses(被动语态的完成式和进行式) 11.3 Passive voice of phrasal verbs(短语动词的被动语态) 11.4 Passive voice of modal verbs(含情态动词的被动语态) 12.Subjunctive mood(虚拟语气)

12.1 in conditional sentences(用于条件句中) 12.1.l if+V-ed1……would+V

12.1.2 if +had+V-ed2……would+have+V-ed2 12.l.3 if+should/were to+V,…would+V 12.l.4 omission of if(if的省略)

12.2 in the following that-clause after(用于下列动词的that宾语从句中):

wish,demand,suggest,etc. It+be+suggested /desirable.etc. suggestion,recommendation,etc.

12.3 In the following clauses and construction(用于下列从句和结构中)

as if+clause,as though+ clause It is time that would rather

13.To V(Infinitive动词不定式)

13.1 as subject,object,attribute and complement(用作主语、宾语、定语和补足语) 13.2 Indicating purpose/result(表示目的/结果) 13.3 It+(be)+Adj(+for+sb.)+to V

13.4 wh-words+to V(phrase)(疑问词加不定式[短语])

13.5 to be+V-ed2,to have+V-ed2, to be+V-ing2(不定式的被动式、完成式和进行式) 14.V-ing1(Gerund动名词)

14.1 as object,subject and predicative(用作宾语、主语和表语) 14.2 Prep+V-ing1

14.3 It+be+…+V-ing1

14.4 N/Pron or their Possessive+V-ing1 as subject and object(名词/代词或其所有格加动

名词作主语和宾语)

14.5 Prep+N/Pron or their possessive+V-ing1;(介词加名词/代词或其所有格加动名词) 14.6 Being+V-ed2,having+V-ed2(动名词的被动式和完成式) 15.V-ing2 and V-ed2(present and past participle现在分词和过去分词)

15.1 as premodifier and postmodifier in a noun Phrase(作名词的前位和后位修饰语) 15.2 as complement(作补足语)

15.3 as an adverb clause equivalent(作状语)

15.4 when/While,etc.+V-ing2/V-ed2(when/while等十现在分词或过去分词) 15.5(with)N+V-ing2/V-ed2([with]十名词十现在分词或过去分词)

15.6 being+V-ed2,having+V-ed2,having been+V-ed2 as an adverb or adjective clause

equivalent(现在分词的被动式、完成式和完成被动式作状语或定语从句)

16.Basic sentence Patterns and sentence elements(基本句型和句子成分) Pattern l:S+V

Pattern 2:S + V+Cs pattern 3:S+V十0

Pattern 4:S+V+Oi+Od Pattern 5:S十V+Od+Co

17.Transformation of basic sentence patterns(基本句型转换) 17.l Interrogative form(疑问形式) 17.2 Negative form(否定形式) 17.3 Imperative form(命令形式) 17.4 Passive form(被动形式) 18.There be(There be结构) 18.1 There+(be)+N+Adv

18.2 There will-/modal V 十be/exist(s)/seem(s)to be appear(s)to be十N+Adv 18.3 There(be)+N+Adj/V-ing2/V-ed2/to V/relative clause 19.Agreement(一致关系)

19.1 Between subject and predicate V(主语和谓语动词的一致关系) 19.2 Between pronoun and its antecedent(代词与其先行词的一致关系) 20.Noun clause(名词从句)

20.1 that and omission of that(that和that的省略) 20.2 whether,if 20.3 which(ever),who(ever),whom,whose

20.4 when,where,why,how,how much/many/long/often 20.5 what,whatever

21.Attributive clause(定语从句)

21.1 Restrictive and non-restrictive(限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句) 21.2 that,which,who,whom,when,where,why 21.3 Whose

21.4 Omission of that/which(that/Which的省略) 21.5(N + Pron +)Prep十which/whom/whose

21.6 the same/such…as

21.7 which/as(with sentential antecedent)(which/as指代句子) 22.Apposition(同位关系)

22.1 Noun in apposition(名词作同位语) 22.2 Appositive clause(同位语从句)

22.3 Noun phrase as appositive to clause(名词短语作句子的同位语)

e.g. that is(to say),for example,etc.

23.Clauses of time and space(时间从句和地点从句) 23.l when(ever),while,as,after,before,since 23.2 where(ever) 23.3 until,till

23.4 once, the moment, as soon as,each time,immediately(that),no sooner… than 24.Clauses of condition, concession and contrast(条件从句、让步从句和对比从句) 24.1 if, unless

24.2 provided/providing(that),as/so long as,In case,on condition that,supposing 24.3 though,although,whether,even though,even If 24.4 no matter+wh-words 24.5 wh-words+-ever 24.6 whereas,while

24.7 Adj/Adv+as/though

25.Clauses of cause,result and purpose(原因从句、结果从句和目的从句) 25.1 because,as,for,for,for this reason,etc. 25.2 hence,therefore,then,as a result of, etc.

25.3 for, for this purpose, with this in mind, lest, in order than, etc. 26.Clauses of manner and comparison(方式从句和比较从句)

26.1 as, as……as, not so(as),more than, less than, no/not more than 26.2 as, just as

26.3 as if, as though

27.clause of proportion and other types(表示比较关系的从句和其它从句) 27.1 the…the… 27.2 as…So… 27.3 except that

28.Coordination(并列)

Coordinators:and,both…and,not only…but(also),as well as,either…or,neither…nor,whether…or,not…but,for,etc.

29.Clauses with introductory it(用引导词it的从句) 29.1 Anticipatory it as subject or object 29.2 it in emphatic sentence

e.g. It is/was…that/who

30.Pro-form(替代形式)

30.1 Pro-forms for noun phrases(名词短语的替代形式)

30.1.1 3rd person pronouns,and plurals of the 1st and 2nd person Pronouns(第三人称代

词、第一和第二人称代词的复数)

30.l.2 indefinite pronouns(不定代词)(+of+N/Pron) 30.1.3 one,ones,that,those

30.l.4 The same,the former,the latter

30.2 Pro-forms for adverbials(状语的替代形式)

here,then,thus

30.3 Pro-forms for Predicate(谓语的替代形式) 30.3.1 do,do so 30.3.2 so do,so will

30.4 Sentence/Clause reference(句子或从句的替代形式) 30.4.1 this,the following 30.4.2 so,not

e.g. A:Do you think he will come?

B:Yes,I think so.(or)No,I think not.

31.Discontinuous modification(割裂)

31.1 Separation of relative clause from its antecedent(定语从句与所修饰的名词割裂) 31.2 Separation of V-ing2/V-ed2/Prep-phrase from its head noun(现在分词/过去分词/

介词短语与所修饰的名词割裂)

31.3 Separation of appositive(clause)from its antecedent(同位语[从句]与所同位的词的割

裂)

31.4 Separation of Prep-phrase from adjective(介词短语与形容词割裂)

e.g. different techniques from neither, nor, so, etc.

32.Subject-verb inversion(主语与谓语倒装)

32.1 Sentences beginning with neither,nor,so,etc. 32.2 Sentences beginning with negative adverb expressions

e.g. hardly,never,rarely,etc.

32.3 Sentences beginning with adverbs of position and direction

e.g. here,there,down,away,etc.

32.4 Sentences beginning with a fronted predicative

e.g. More important is the principle of...

32.5 Sentences beginning with only + Adv,not only…(but)also… 33.Parenthesis(插入语)

e.g. actually,generally speaking,to be exact,as a result,as you see,etc.

34.Omission(省略)

34.1 Omission through coordination(并列结构中的省略)

e.g. It’s cold in December in England,but(It’s cold)in July in New Zealand.

34.2 Omission in the following clauses(下列从句中的省略)

Whether…or not;whatever;as;than;the… the…

35.Negation(否定)

35.1 Total negation(全部否定) 35.2 Partial negation(部份否定) 35.3 Double negation(双重否定) 36.Emphasis(强调)

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