中考英语同义句转换题型解题技巧
同义句转换是英语句型转换的一种重要形式，也是中考命题的一个热点。该题型主要考查同学们对英语词汇、句型的掌握情况和灵活运用的能力。其特点是涉及面广、语言点多、方式灵活、要求较高、难度较大。为了帮助同学们掌握一些同义句转换题型解题技巧，现将常见的同义句转换形式作一归纳：
一、用同义词（近义词）或词组改写
做此题型时，我们可以采用“词语替代法”，此法是指用词性相同的同义词、近义词或同义词组对原句的某些成分进行简单的替代，而句子结构保持不变。因此，我们在学习过程中要掌握尽可能多的同义词（组），如：be able to，can；arrive in（at），reach，get to；be good at，do well in；have a good time，enjoy oneself；look after，take care of；over，more than等等。具体运用时，还要注意它们在句中的位置，形式与转换后句中其他部分的相应变化。例如：
1．Every day，Wang Zhizhi receives emails from thousands of basketball fans． Every day，Wang Zhizhi _______ _______ thousands of basketball fans． 2．They will get to London in four days．
They will _______ _______ London in four days． 答案：1．hears from 2．arrive in 二、运用反义词或词组改写
英语中有些反义词（组）具有非此即彼的排它性。因此其否定式与其对应的反义词（组）同义。如：same与different ，not same＝ different ，not different＝same ，所以此类反义词（组）的否定式可以用于同义转换。另外，用反义词（组）替换，要注意上下句主语间的互换。例如：
3．The runner couldn't catch up with the others in the race． The runner _______ _______ the others in the race． 4．Tom borrowed a picture book from the boy just now． The boy _______ a picture book _______ Tom just now． 答案：3．fell behind 4．lent；to 三、用派生词或一词多义改写
此类题型可采用“词类转换法”，利用某些派生词或词性相异的词组来代替原句中的某些成分。此时句子结构会发生一些变化。例如：
5．The snow was heavy last night．
It _______ _______ last night．
6．The foreigners have visited the Great Wall．
The foreigners have been _______ _______ _______ to the Great Wall． 答案：5．snowed heavily 6．on a visit 四、用同义句型改写
该类题型是指利用意义相同或相近，但结构不同的句型、句式来表达同一句意的方法。此类变化常见的句型有：（1）not as?as?与比较级的变化；（2）than any other与最高级的变化；（3）when（after ，before）引导的从句与not?until?的变化；（4）瞬间动词 come，go，leave，buy，die，begin，borrow?）的过去时与含有段时间状语的完成时的变化；（5）cost，spend on与pay for的变化等等。例如：
7．She spent 30dollars on the English- Chinese dictionary． The English-Chinese dictionary _______ _______ 30 dollars． 8．How clever the man is！
_______ _______ clever man he is ！ 9．How old are you ？ _______ your _______ ？
10．We came home when it was six o'clock．
We _______ _______ home _______ it was six o'clock．
答案：7．cost her 8．What a 9．What's； age 10．didn't come；until（before） 五、二合一并成简单句
二合一也叫“合并分句法”，此法就是把两个并列句中成分相同的部分合并起来，使其成为一个简单句。常用的连词有：neither．．．nor．．．，either．．．or．．．，both．．．and．．．，not only．．．but also．．．，其中由neither ．．．nor．．．，either．．．or，not only．．．but also．．．等连接的并列主语，通常遵循就近原则，即谓语需与后面的那个主语保持一致。另外，还可以使用too?to，enough to等含有不定式的结构把两个句子合并成一个分句。例如：
11．He hasn't been to France．She hasn't been to France，either． _______ he _______ she _______ been to France． 12．Mrs．Smith is my teacher．She is also my good friend．
Mrs．Smith is _______ _______ my teacher _______ _______ my good friend． 13．The room isn't very big．It can't hold a lot of people．
This room isn't _______ _______ _______ hold so many people． 答案：11．Neither；nor；has 12．not only； but also 13．big enough to 六、简单句与复合句的互换
复合句转化为简单句一般侧重于将从句变化为短语或词组，使其句意简单明了。常见的转换方法有：（1）用不定式替换、用介词短语替换、用名词短语替换、用分词性短语替换；（2）将宾语从句简化为“疑问词＋不定式”；（3）将so?that?（such?that?）引导的状语从句简化为含有too?to?（或enough to）的简单句；（4）if引导的状语从句简化为“祈使句，and（or）＋句子”。例如：
14．I hope that I can see you soon． I hope _______ _______ you soon． 15．Please tell me where we show our tickets．
Please tell me _______ _______ _______ our tickets． 16．If you don't hurry up ，you'll miss the early bus．
_______ _______ ， _______ you won't _______ the early bus．
简单句变为复合句，一般是把宾语扩大为宾语从句，其宾语从句应该用将来时或“情态动词＋动词原形”的形式。例如：
17．Could you tell me how to get to the post office ？
Could you tell me how _______ _______ _______ to the post office？ 答案：14．to see 15．where to show 16．Hurry up；or；catch 17．I can get 七、用it作形式主语进行转换
不定式的动作发出者一般是句子的主语，但有时却不是，这时不定式常会带上自己的逻辑主语，这一主语常用for引出。例如：
18．He can finish the work easily．
_______ _______ _______ for him _______ finish the work． 答案：18．It is easy；to
八、语态之间的转换
语态之间的转换主要用于主动语态和被动语态之间的变化。例如： 19．Your classroom must be cleaned every day． You _______ _______ your classroom every day． 答案：19．must clean 九、综合转换
综合转换是在整体把握句意的基础上，对原句重新进行概括表达，它在词汇、结构等多方面都有较大的变化。例如：
20．Something is wrong with that machine． That machine _______ _______ ． 答案：20．doesn't work ［实战演练］
1．Bike is short for bicycle．
Bike is _______ _______ _______ saying bicycle． 2．It took Mary an hour to do her homework last night． Mary _______ an hour _______ her homework last night． 3．They made him work 12hours a day．
He _______ _______ _______ _______ 12 hours a day． 4．I am a League member．He is a League member，too． _______ he _______ I _______ League members． 5．He is so young that he can't join the army． He is _______ young _______ _______ the army． 6．The player smiled and jumped into the river．
The player jumped into the river _______ _______ _______ ． 7．MrBrown left London six years ago．
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