Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading－Language Points
alternative n．[C]可能的选择 adj. 供选择的；其他的
(教材P37)Can you think of the alternatives we would use today? 你能想出今天我们使用的已改进的代替品吗？
(1)have no alternative/choice but to do sth.
have the alternative of doing sth.
there's no alternative... (2)alternatively adv.
有做……的选择，可以做…… ……别无选择 可供选择地
①I had no alternative but to accept the offer. 我除了接受该项提议之外，别无选择。
②If you don't like the school lunch，you have the alternative of bringing(bring) your own.
要是你不喜欢学校准备的午餐，你可以自己带饭。
③We could walk or alternatively(alternative)we could go in Ted's car. 我们可以走着去，也可以乘特德的车去。 [名师点津]
表示“别无选择，只有……”的表达方式还有：have no choice but to do；can't choose but do；can't (help)but do；can do nothing but do
starvation n．挨饿；饿死
(教材P37)Did they suffer from cold，starvation or disease? 他们是否遭受了寒冷、饥饿或疾病？
(1)suffer from starvation die of starvation
挨饿，遭受饥饿 死于饥饿，饿死 无选择只好做某事
(2)starve vt.&vi. starve(...)to death starve for sth. starve to do sth.
(使)饿死；渴望 (使……)饿死 渴求/需要某事 想要做某事
①They starve for the experience of practical work. 他们需要实际工作的经验。
②He starved to see(see)her once again. 他渴望能再见她一面。
③There are still many people dying of starvation(starve)for lack of food nowadays.
由于缺乏食物，仍有很多人死于饥饿。
interrupt vt.&vi.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止
(教材P38)I'm sorry to interrupt you but how could they live here? 对不起，打断了你的讲话，但他们怎么会住在这儿呢？
(1)interrupt sb./sth.(with sth.) (2)interruption n. without interruption
(因某事)打断某人/某事 打扰；插嘴；打岔；阻断物 连续地；不断地
①It is bad manners to interrupt a speaker with frequent questions. 不断提问，打断说话者是不礼貌的。
②Let's go somewhere where we can talk without interruption．(interrupt) 我们去找个说话不受打扰的地方吧。 [明辨异同] interrupt/disturb interrupt disturb 突然中断、打断他人的言语或行为，使其不能继续。 较正式用词，多用被动语态。指扰乱，使人不能平静或妨碍别人工作、思维或正常秩序，是程度较深的烦恼。 interrupt，disturb ③Footsteps on the staircase his train of thought. ④They were charged with public peace.
⑤If you get up early，try not to anyone else.
【答案】 ③interrupted ④disturbing ⑤disturb
(教材P38)So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves，regardless of the cold.
因此，我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒，就住在这些洞穴里。 (1)assume vt.假定；设想；以为
(1)assume sb./sth.to be It is assumed that... (2)assumption n. make an assumption on the assumption that... (3)assume/assuming(that) ...
假定/假设某人/某事为 一般认为…… 假定；假设 认为；假定 假定…… 假设/假定……
①You assume him to be innocent/that he is innocent before hearing the evidence against him.
在听到对他不利的证词之前，你假定他是无罪的。
②It is generally assumed that too much work will cause stress. 一般认为，过重的工作会造成压力。
③The project was predicated on the assumption (assume) that the economy was expanding.
这一计划是以经济发展的设想为依据的。
④Assuming(assume) that it rains，what shall we do? 假如下雨的话，我们该怎么办？
【导学号：86864022】
[名师点津]
在英语中，有些看上去是现在分词或过去分词的词，实际上可直接用作介词或连词。例如：considering prep.& conj.“鉴于，考虑到”；including prep.“包括，包含”；supposing
conj.“假设，假如”；provided/providing conj.“假设，如果”；concerning prep.“关
于”；given prep.“鉴于，考虑到”等。
(2)regardless of 不管；不顾
(1)regardless of...强调“不认为……重要，从而不加以重视或考虑”，而despite
和in spite of 有“尽管……但是”之意。
(2)regardless of 后除了可接名词、代词、动词-ing形式外还可接whether、what引导的从句等，而in spite of和despite后不可接从句。
⑤Regardless of whether he is right or wrong，we have to follow his decisions. 不论他是对还是错，我们必须遵守他的决定。
⑥He says what he thinks，regardless of other people's feelings. 他想到什么就说什么，毫不考虑别人的感受。 cut up切碎；使悲痛
(教材P38)It seems that they used the sharpened stone tools to cut up animals and remove their skin.
看样子他们是用磨快的石器切割野兽并剥皮。
cut across cut down cut in cut off cut out
抄近路；径直穿过 砍倒；杀死；削减，缩短 插嘴；突然插入 切断；使隔绝；剪下 切掉；删掉
①The coal industry was cut down to half its former size. 煤炭业规模缩小了一半。
②Jessica cut in before things grew worse. Jessica插话进来才没有使事情变得更糟。 ③Our water supply has been cut off again. 我们的水供应被又一次切断。
【导学号：86864023】
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．The pencil was not ，so he it with a ．(sharp) 2．The old man was to death and people felt pity for his ．(starve)
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