11. use one’s computer 使用某人的电脑 make one’s way to前往某处 12. hate sth./to do sth.讨厌某事/做某事
13. do the laundry=do some washing=wash clothes洗衣服
make room腾出地方 make up编造 make use of利用
14. make breakfast, make dinner, do some cooking 做饭 24. borrow sth. from sb.向某人借某物(借入) 15. wash the car刷车16. work on 从事，忙于 17. work at学习、致力于、在……上下工夫 18. borrow some money借一些钱
19. invite sb. to do sth邀请某人做某事 20. go to the store去商店
21.agree sb. to do sth.同意某人做某事
22. agree with sb. =agree with what one says同意某人的意见
23.（需了解） make a deal作成交易
25. lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.借给某人某物(借出) 26.ask for要求得到、要求见到
27. take care of = look after照顾、照看、照料
take good care of=look after…well 28. need some help需要一些帮助 29. come over过来 30. get angry生气 31. have a test考试 32. make a clean sweep of 彻底扫除
Section A
知识要点 1. ---Could you please take out the trash ? 你能把垃圾倒掉吗？
--- sure . 当然可以。 could:
(1) could表示请求，语气委婉，显得有礼貌。
eg. Could you please clean your room ? 你可以打扫你的房间吗？
肯定回答：Yes , I can . / Yes , sure / Yes , of course . 是的，我可以。 否定回答：Sorry , I can’t . I have to do my homework . 对不起，我不得不做作业。
另外Would you mind doing sth .也可表示请求。
eg . Would you mind cleaning your room ? 你介意去打扫你的房间吗？ No , I'd like to .不，我很乐意。 (2) could表示请求许可，希望得到允许。
eg . Could I (please) go to the movies ? 我能去看电影吗？ 肯定回答：Yes , you can . / Yes , sure . 当然可以。 否定回答：No , you can't .不，不行。 (3) could与can的区别
could与can都是情态动词，could是can的过去式。二者都可用于表示请求。但是用法稍有不同。 can表示一般性的请求，语气随便，常用于熟人之间或长辈对晚辈，上级对下级的场合； eg. Can you tell us your story , Tony ? Tony，你能给我们讲讲你的故事吗？
could表示有礼貌的请求，语气委婉，常用于非熟人之间或晚辈对长辈，下级对上级的场合。 eg. Could you tell us if it snows in winter in Australia ? 请告诉我们，澳大利亚冬天下雪吗？ Sure . 当然可以。
take out：意思是“取出、拿出”。这是一个动副词词组。名词放在out前或后都可以，但代词必须放
在take和out中间。e.g.
These apples went bad, please take them out. 这些苹果坏了，请拿出去。 He took out his food and began to eat. 他拿出食物，吃了起来。 2. I hate to do chores. 我讨厌做家务。
hate 作动词，意为“ 讨厌，憎恨，不喜欢”，后面可跟名词、动词不定式to do 及动词-ing 形式作宾语，通常不用于进行时态。
[链接] hate 的反义词为love，love的用法与hate 相同，后面也跟名词、动词不定式to do 及动词-ing 形式作宾语。
3. Do you like to do the laundry? 你喜欢洗衣服吗？ I like to make breakfast. 我喜欢做早饭。
本单元用了不少以动词“make”和“do”带出的词组。一般来说，动词“make”多用于需要生产或建造的事物，而动词“do”则常与表示工作、责任和体力劳动的名词搭配。如： make a cake 做蛋糕 make a face 做鬼脸 make the bed 铺床
do exercise 做运动 do the dishes 洗餐具 do some shopping 买东西 so some washing 洗衣服
典型例题 1. Could you please (do) it again?
[解析] 答案：do。本题考查could you (I) please + 动词原形结构。 2.---Could you help me take it to the classroom? --- _________.
A. Yes, I could. B. No, I couldn’t. C. Sorry, but yes. D. Sorry, I can’t. [解析] 答案：D。本题主要考察could 提问时，否定回答用can’t,而不是用couldn’t. 3.--- Could I borrow your car?
---- Sorry, ______ I need it. I ________ go to a meeting.
A. but, have to B. and, have to C. or, need D. /, needn’t [解析] 答案：A。本题考查sorry, but固定搭配，这是英语习惯用法，but不翻译。 4. Peter doesn’t like to stay at home. He likes (be) outside.
[解析] 答案：to be. 本题考查like to do sth. 喜欢做某事。like 后跟动词原形，be动词的原形仍然是be.
5.That boy hates (swim).
[解析]答案：swimming 或to swim.本题主要考察hate to do或hate doing 结构。
Section B
知识要点
1. Could I invite my friends to a party? 我可以邀请我的朋友们来聚会吗？
--- No, you can’t. 不，不可以。
invite， 邀请。常用在两个结构中：invite sb. to sth.(some place) 邀请某人到某地；invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事。e.g
He invited his pen pal to China. 他邀请他的笔友到中国来。 Who invited you to climb the mountain? 谁邀请你们爬山的？ 2.borrow some money 借一些钱
borrow vt. 借入；借来 May I borrow your dictionary?
[相关搭配] borrow sth. from 从…借 borrow trouble 自找麻烦 [辨析] borrow, lend, keep
borrow: borrow sth. from sb. 从某人那里借 lend: lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人
keep: 本意为“保存，保留”，引申为“借用”，用于表示借用的时间长度，是延续性动词，可以和表示一段的时间状语连用。 这本书我能借多久？
How long can I borrow this book? (错) How long can I keep this book? (对) 3. Thanks for taking care of my dog.
take care of 短语动词，意为“照顾、照看、照料”，相当于look after。e.g. My mother takes good care of my dog every day. 妈妈每天悉心照料我的狗。
I can’t go to school today. I have to take care of my mother at home. 今天我不能不上学了，我得在家里照顾我妈妈。 4. Mine is at home. 我的在家里。
mine,名词性物主代词。相当于一个名词使用，在句中做主语、宾语等。其后不能再加名词。e.g Your backpack is here, mine is over there. 你的书包在这里，我的在那里 Your skin is lighter than mine. 你的皮肤比我的亮。 She is an old friend of mine. 她是我的一个老朋友。 Whose bag is this? It’s mine. 这是谁的包？我的。 辨析：my, 我的，I的所有格，形容词性物主代词，修饰名词。
e.g my parents/ my feet/ my jacket 我的父母/ 我的脚/我的夹克衫 It wasn’t my fault, I promise. 这不是我的错，我发誓。
典型例题
1. --- Are the physic problems difficult? --- Yes. Very few students could ________.
A. work on them B. work it out C. work on it D. work them out
[解析]答案 D。本题主要考察短语动词的含义。work on 致力于、从事；work out 算出。根据题意“这些物理题难吗？ 是的，很少有学生能算出来。”可知，应该用them来代替第一句中的physic problems。 2. --- Can I _____ this book?
--- Yes, but you mustn’t ____ it to others.
A. lend, borrow B. borrow, keep C. borrow, lend D. lend, keep
[解析]答案C。本题主要考查borrow和lend的区别。根据题意“我能借这本书吗？可以，但你一定不能借给别人。”可知，第一句用“借入”，borrow；第二句用“借出”，lend。 3.--- How long may I _____ this book? --- No more than three weeks.
A. borrow B. keep C. lend D. had
[解析] 答案 B。本题主要考察how long 与延续性动词的搭配。borrow, 借入，非延续性动词。keep，借，
延续性动词；lend，借出，非延续性动词；have, 买，延续性动词。根据题意“这本书我能借多久？不超过三个星期。”，选keep。
4. I found an old toy of _______ under the bed. A. me B. my C. mine D. I
[解析] 答案 C。本题主要考察代词的用法。me，我，宾格，在句子中做宾语。my，我的，形容词性物主代词，后面加名词。mine，我的，名词性物主代词，单独使用，后面不能加名词。I，我，主格，在句子中做主语。根据句意“我在床底下找到了我的一个旧玩具”，此处mine相当于my toys.
随堂达标
一、根据汉语填入正确的单词。
1. Could I (借) your new storybook, John?
2. You can (邀请) your good friends for the dinner. 3. Students shouldn’t take (小吃) to the class. 4. Please help me (喂养) my birds on the weekend. 5. Ann, take good (照顾) of your little sister. 二、填入适当的介词完成句子。
1. My cousin often borrows books the library. 2. Miss Li likes children and she often plays them.
3. Does your brother often take his dog a walk after dinner? 4. Thanks helping me do the housework.
5. James invited me his new house for a visit last night. 三、完成下列同义句转换，每空一词。
1. We are going to take good care of your pet birds. We are going to your pet birds . 2. I want to invite my friends to the school party.
I want to my friends to the school party. 3. They enjoyed themselves in the aquarium yesterday. They in the aquarium yesterday. 4. He visited my house three days ago.
He to my house three days ago. 5. Let’s go for a walk with the dog.
Let’s the dog . 四、下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正。
1. Could you please to clean the classroom?
2. You may go out, but first you have to finishing your work. 3. I don’t like math, so it’s too difficult. 4. Do they often play with he? 5. Could I borrow any money from you?
6. The scientist worked at the experiment(实验) for five years.
五、语法练习
1. Thanks me such beautiful pictures.
A. to send B. of sending C. and send D. for sending 2. Could you get milk us?
A. some; for B. some; to C. any; of D. any; with 3. Mrs Green often her little daughter the house. A. asks; outside B. takes; out of C. takes; of D. asks; out
4. Tomorrow is my birthday. I’m going to my friends to my birthday party. A. see B. come over C. start with D. invite 5. Feed the cat and then _______ his bowl.
A.to wash B. washes C. wash D. washed 6.It’s fun ___________ a dog.
A.feed B. to feed C. feeding D. fed 7. ---- _______ I have a party?
---- Sorry, you _______. You have to have a good rest.
A.Must, can’t. B. Could, can’t C. Could, couldn’t D. Need, can’t. 8. He often borrows money ______ others but he doesn’t lend anything ______ anybody.
A. from, from B. to, from C. from, to D. to, to 9. Don’t forget _______ the light when you leave.
A.to turn off B.turn off C. turning on D. turn on
六、中考链接
1.[2008 辽宁大连] --- May I invite you to have dinner this Friday? --- ______________
A.Yes, please. B. Just have a look. C. Never mind. D. Yes, I’d love to. 2.[2008 河南] Amy, I’ll be on holiday for a week. Could you help me _____ my dog? A. look for B. look at C. look after D. look over 3.[2008 重庆] please ______ the dog for me while I’m away. A. look at B. look after C. look up D. look out 4. [2008 浙江台州] --- Why isn’t Lucy here with you?
--- Her mother’s ill and she has to ______ her little sister at home. A. look after B. look at C. look around D. look for 5.[2008 山东济宁]---How long have you ______ the magazine? --- About a week.
A. found B. borrowed C. received D.had
6.[2008 浙江宁波]We students can _________________(借) only two books from the school library each time.
7. [2008 湖北黄冈] --- Is the novel “ Journey to the west” ______ book? --- No, it’s Helen’s. I left ______ at home.
A. your, my B. yours, mine C. you, it D. your, mine
【知识拓展】 经典诗文欣赏 Give your love
Elenor Fargeon
Give your love to others, don't spend on yourself.
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