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........................................................ 5.look / look like/ see

(1)lookÓëseem¾ù¿É×÷Á¬Ïµ¶¯´Ê£¬ÒâΪ¡°¿´ÆðÀ´¡±£¬µ«look×ÅÖØÓÚÓÉÊÓ¾õµÃ³öµÄÓ¡Ïó£»

seem°µÊ¾ÓÐÒ»¶¨µÄ¸ù¾Ý£¬ÕâÖÖÅжÏÍùÍù½Ó½üÊÂʵ¡£Õâʱ½á¹¹ÊÇlook/ seem+ÐÎÈÝ´Ê¡£

Mr. Smith looks/ seems young very much.Ê·ÃÜ˹ÏÈÉú¿´ÉÏÈ¥ºÜÄêÇá¡£ (2)look¿ÉÓë½é´ÊlikeÁ¬Óù¹³ÉϰÓ±íʾ¡°¿´ÉÏÈ¥Ïñ¡­¡­¡±£¬È磺 The girl looks like her sister.ÕâÅ®º¢ºÍËý½ã½ã³¤µÃÏàÏñ¡£ (3)seemºó½Óto do »òÓÃÓÚ¾äÐÍIt seems that¡­»òThere seems to be¾äÐÍÖС£È磺

John seems to know much about China.Ô¼º²ºÃÏóºÜÁ˽âÖйú¡£ It seems that they know each other.ºÃÏóËûÃDZ˴˺ÜÊìϤ¡£ There seems to be something wrong with my watch.ÎÒµÄÊÖ±íºÃÏóÓÐЩ벡¡£

........................................................ 6.look for/ find/ find out (1)look for ¡°Ñ°ÕÒ¡±£¬Ç¿µ÷¶¯×÷¡£ I am looking for my pen.ÎÒÔÚÕҸֱʡ£ (2)find ¡°ÕÒµ½¡±£¬Ç¿µ÷½á¹û¡£

I looked for it everywhere but I couldn¡¯t find it.ÎÒµ½´¦ÕÒÁ˿ɾÍÊÇÕÒ²»µ½Ëü¡£

(3)find out ¡°²éÃ÷ÕæÏ࣬ŪÇåÔµÓÉ¡±£¬Ç¿µ÷¾­¹ý·Ñʱ¡¢ÖÜÕÛ¡¢ µ÷²éµ½×îºóµÃµ½ÈÏÖ¤µÄÒ»ÖÖ½á¹û¡£È磺

At last the police found out who murdered the old woman. ×îºó¾¯·½²éÃ÷ÁËÊÇ˭ıɱÁËÀÏ̫̫¡£

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7.look / see/ watch/ notice

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(2)see Ö¸ÈËÈâÑÛËùÄÜÉæ¼°µÄ·¶Î§£¬±íʾ½á¹û¡°¿´¼û¡±¡£ Can you see the word clearly? ÄãÄÜÇå³þ¿´µ½Õâ¸ö×ÖÁËÂ𣿠¹Ì¶¨¶ÌÓsee a film; see sb. off £¨¸øÄ³ÈËËÍÐУ©£»let me see. (3)watch = look at sb./ sth. carefully¡°×Ðϸ¹Û¿´£¬×¢ÊÓ¡±¡£ May I watch TV now? ÎÒÏÖÔÚ¿ÉÒÔ¿´µçÊÓÂð£¿

¹Ì¶¨¶ÌÓwatch TV; on watch£¨Öµ°à¡¢ÊØÍû£©£»watch a football match (4)notice¡°×¢Òâµ½£¬ÌáÐѱðÈË×¢Ò⡱µÈÒâ˼£¬ººÓïÖг£ÓС°Í¨Öª¡¢Æôʾ¡¢¸æÊ¾¡±Ö®Òâ¡£ÀýÈ磺

The thief looked around the house.

When he made sure that no one was noticing him, he jumped into the room through the open window.

С͵Ïò·¿×ÓËÄÖÜÕÅÍû£¬µ±ËûÈ·ÐÅûÈË×¢ÒâËûµÄʱºò£¬Ñ¸ËÙ´Ó¿ª×ŵĴ°»§Ìø½ø·¿¼ä¡£ ´Ó

M.............................................................. may be/ maybe

(1)maybe ÊǸ±´Ê£¬¡°Ò²Ðí¡±£¬Ï൱ÓÚperhaps¡£maybeÖ»ÄÜ·ÅÓÚ¾äÊ×£¬²»ÄÜ·ÅÓÚ¾äÖУ¬È磺

Maybe he won¡¯t come. Ò²ÐíËû²»»áÀ´¡£

(2)may be ÊÇνÓïÐÎʽ£¬ÆäÖÐmayÊÇÇé̬¶¯´Ê£¬beÊÇÁ¬Ïµ¶¯´Ê£¬±íʾ¡°Ò²ÐíÊÇ¡±¡¢

¡°¿ÉÄÜ»áÓС±µÈ¡£È磺

He may be a middle school student.Ëû¿ÉÄÜÊǸöÖÐѧÉú¡£ She may be watching TV now.ÏÖÔÚËýÒ²ÐíÔÚ¿´µçÊÓ¡£

N............................................................. 1.near / nearby

nearÓÃ×÷ÐÎÈÝ´Ê»ò¸±´Ê£¬±íʾ¡°½ü¡±¡¢¡°½Ó½ü¡±£¬Ò²¿É×÷½é´Ê£¬±íʾ¡°ÔÚ¡­¡­¸½½ü¡±¡£

Come near, please.Çë×ß½üЩ¡£

He lives near the school.ËûסÔÚѧУ¸½½ü¡£

nearlyÊǸ±´Ê£¬ÒâΪ¡°¼¸ºõ¡±¡¢¡°½«½ü¡±£¬Ï൱ÓÚalmost.

The seasons of the year in England and the U.S.A. are nearly the same. ÃÀ¹úºÍÓ¢¹úµÄËļ¾¼¸ºõÊÇÒ»Ñù¡£

........................................................ 2.no/ not

(1)no ×÷¸±´Êʱ£¬¶ÔÒ»°ãÒÉÎʾä×÷·ñ¶¨»Ø´ð£¬ÓëyesÏà¶Ô£»no×÷ÐÎÈÝ´Êʱ£¬ ¿ÉÐÞÊοÉÊýÃû´Ê»ò²»¿ÉÊýÃû´Ê£¬µÈÓÚnot a »ònot any¡£È磺

We have no classes on Sunday.= We don¡¯t have any classes on Sunday. ÎÒÃÇÐÇÆÚÌìûÓпΡ£

(2)notÖ»×÷¸±´ÊÓã¬ÓÃÔÚbe¶¯´Ê£¬Öú¶¯´Ê£¬Çé̬¶¯´Êºó£¬ÓëνÓﶯ´ÊʹÓ㬹¹³É·ñ¶¨ÒâÒå¡£ ÀýÈ磺

I don¡¯t think chickens can swim.ÎÒÏ뼦ÊDz»»áÓÎÓ¾µÄ¡£ I don¡¯t know your names.ÎÒ²»ÖªµÀÄãÃǵÄÃû×Ö¡£

........................................................ 3.neither / none

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(2)¡°neither of + ´ú´Ê¡±¹¹³ÉÖ÷ÓνÓﶯ´ÊÓõ¥Êý¡£ Neither of them is here.ËûÃÇÁ©Ã»ÓÐÒ»¸öÈËÔÚÕâÀï¡£

(3)noneÖ¸¡°£¨Èý×Å»òÈýÕßÒÔÉÏ£©¶¼²»¡­¡­¡±£¬±íʾȫ·ñ¶¨£¬ÓÃÓÚ´úÈýÕß»òÈýÕß

ÒÔÉϵÄÈË»òÊÂÎï¡£ÀýÈ磺

None of us three knows where he lives.ÎÒÃÇÈý¸öÈËË­Ò²²»ÖªµÀËûסÔÚÄÄÀï¡£

´ÓO............................................................ on / about

ÕâÁ½¸ö½é´ÊÒýµ¼µÄ½é´Ê¶ÌÓïÒ»°ã×÷ºóÖö¨Ó±íʾ¡°¹ØÓÚ¡±µÄÒâ˼£¬µ«¸÷ÓвàÖØ¡£

(1)on ²àÖØÂÛÊö£¬¶àÓÃÓëÂÛÊöÉæ¼°±È½ÏÉî¹ãµÄÖØ´ó¹ú¼Ê¡¢ÕþÖΡ¢Ñ§Êõ¡¢×¨ÖøµÈÎÊÌâ¡£È磺

This is a book on the radio.ÕâÊÇÒ»±¾¹ØÓÚÎÞÏßµç·½ÃæµÄ׍ָ¡£ (2)about²àÖØÐðÊ£¬¶àÓÃÓë¸öÈËʼ££¬¹ÊÊÂÄÚÈÝÒ»°ãµÄÎÄÕµȽϷôdzµÄÎÊÌâ¡£È磺

This is a book about the radio.ÕâÊÇÒ»±¾¹ØÓÚÎÞÏßµçµÄÊé¡£

This is a film about the woman star.ÕâÊÇÒ»²¿¹ØÓÚÄǸöŮӰÐǵĵçÓ°¡£ P............................................................. 1.put on/ wear/ be dressed in/ dress up (1)put on ±í¶¯×÷£¬¡°´©ÉÏ¡¢´÷ÉÏ¡±£¬±öÓïΪÒÂÎ (2)wear ±í״̬£¬¡°´©´÷×Å¡±£»

(3)be dressed in Ò²±í״̬£¬Ç¿µ÷Ò»ÖÖ³ÊÏֵĽá¹û£»

(4)dress up ÓС°Ê¢×°¡¢ÇÇ×°¡¢´ò°ç¡±Ö®Ò⣬±í¶¯×÷¡£dress³£Óë½é´Ê´îÅä¡£È磺

The boy wears a new coat today.ÕâÄк¢½ñÌì´©×ÅÒ»¼þдóÒ¡£ It¡¯s cold outside. Put on more clothes.ÍâÃæÀ䣬´©¶àÒ»µãÒ·þ¡£ The girl is dressed in a red coat today.СŮº¢½ñÌì´©×ÅÒ»¼þºìÍâÒ¡£

She has dressed up in a red skirt for the party. ΪÁ˲μÓÕâÎè»á£¬Ëý´©ÁËÒ»Ìõºìȹ×Ó¡£

............................................................. 2.play/ play with

play ×÷Ϊ¼°Îﶯ´ÊºÍ²»¼°Îﶯ´ÊÒâÒåÊDz»ÏàͬµÄ¡£

(1)play vt. ºó½ÓÈË×÷±öÓÒâΪ¡°ºÍ¡­¡­±ÈÈü¡±£»ºó½ÓÇòÀàÃû´Ê×÷±öÓÎÞ¹Ú´Ê£©£¬

ÒâΪ¡°´ò¡­¡­Çò¡±£»¸úÀÖÆ÷Ãû´Ê£¨Óж¨¹Ú´Êthe£©ÒâΪ¡°µ¯£¨À­¡¢×ࣩ¡±¡£È磺

Who are you going to play? Ä㽫ºÍË­±ÈÈü£¿ I like playing tennis.ÎÒϲ»¶´òÍøÇò¡£ Can you play the piano? Äã»áµ¯¸ÖÇÙÂð£¿

(2)play with ¶ÌÓïÖÐplayΪ²»¼°Îﶯ´Ê£¬ºó½Ó½é´Êwith + sb./ sth. ÒâΪ¡°ÍæÅª¡¢Íæ£¨Íæ¾ß£©¡¢ÍæË£¡±£¬¶àÖ¸²»×Ô¾õ¡¢²»ÑÏËàµÄÐÐΪ¡£È磺 It¡¯s dangerous to play with fire.Íæ»ðÊÇΣÏյġ£

The boy is playing with his toy train.СÄк¢ÔÚÍæËûµÄÍæ¾ß»ð³µ¡£ 3. point at/ point to

¶þÕß¶¼º¬ÓС°Ö¸Ïò¡±µÄÒâ˼£¬µ«ÓÐÒ»¶¨µÄÇø±ð£º

(1)point atº¬ÓС°Ö¸×¼Ä³¸ö·½Ïò¡±µÄÒâ˼£¬Ä¿±êÐÔºÜÇ¿¡£È磺 She pointed at one of the things.ËýÖ¸×ÅÆäÖÐÒ»¼þ¶«Î÷¡£ (2)point toÖ»±íʾ¡°Ö¸Ïòijһ¸ö·½Ïò¡±£¬²»Ò»¶¨ºÜ׼ȷ¡£È磺 He pointed to the mountains far away.ËûÖ¸ÁËÖ¸Ô¶´¦µÄ¸ßɽ¡£ (3)ÁªÏ룺shout at sb. ³å×ÅijÈ˺°£»throw¡­at¡­°Ñ¡­¡­ÔÒÏò¡­¡­ ........................................................ 4. plant / grow

¶þÕßÓÃ×÷¼°Îﶯ´Ê£¬¶¼ÓС°ÖÖ¡±µÄÒâ˼£¬µ«²àÖØµã²»Í¬¡£ (1)plantÖ¸¡°ÔÔÈëÍÁÖС±£¬ÊÇÒ»ÖÖÉæ¼°Ê±¼ä½Ï¶ÎµÄ¶¯×÷¡£

(2)grow²»½öÖ¸¡°ÖÖÏ¡±£¬»¹°üÀ¨ÆäºóÅàÓýµÄ¹ý³Ì£¬Éæ¼°µÄʱ¼ä½Ï³¤£¬ ¼´¡°ÖÖÖ²¡±£¬¿É¿´×öÊÇÒ»ÖÖ¹ý³Ì»ò״̬¡£

-What does your father do? Ä㸸Ç×ÊǸÉʲôµÄ£¿ -He grows flowers. ËûÊǸöÖÖ»¨µÄ¡£

Don¡¯t plant the flowers before mid-April.²»ÒªÔÚËÄÔÂÖÐÑ®ÖÖ»¨¡£ ............................................................. 5.problem / question/ matter

(1)problem¶àÖ¸¡°Ï°Ì⣬ÎÊÌ⡱£¬Í¨³£Ò²Ö¸Òª½â¾ö»ò¾ö¶¨µÄÎÊÌ⣬ ÓÈÆäÖ¸±È½ÏÀ§ÄѵÄÎÊÌâ¡¢Éç»áÎÊÌâ¡£

He is thinking about a maths problem.ËûÕýÔÚÏëÒ»µÀÊýѧÄÑÌâ¡£ You are getting fatter. It¡¯s a problem.Ä㳤ÅÖÁË£¬Õâ¿ÉÊǸöÎÊÌâ¡£ (2)question ³£Ö¸ÓÉÓÚ¶Ôijʸе½ÒÉ»ó²»½â¶øÌá³öÐèÒª½â´ðµÄÎÊÌ⣬ ³£ÓëaskºÍanswerÁ¬Óá£

May I ask a question?ÎÒ¿ÉÒÔÎʸöÎÊÌâÂð£¿

(3)matterÒâΪ¡°ÊÂÇ顱¡¢¡°ÎÊÌ⡱£¬³£Ö¸Óöµ½ÒâÍâµÄÂé·³»òÁîÈË·³Äյġ°ÎÊÌ⡱È磺

What¡¯s the matter with you?ÄãÔõôÀ²£¿

................................................................ R

1.receive/ accept

ÕâÁ½¸ö´Ê¶¼ÊǼ°Îﶯ´Ê£¬±íʾ¡°½Óµ½¡¢ÊÕµ½¡±µÄÒâ˼£¬µ«ÓÐÇø±ð£º (1)receiveÇ¿µ÷¡°ÊÕµ½¡¢½Óµ½¡±ÕâÒ»¶¯×÷¡£

I received a letter yesterday.×òÌìÎÒÊÕµ½ÁËÒ»·âÐÅ¡£ They received a warm welcome.ËûÃÇÊܵ½ÁËÈÈÇéµÄ»¶Ó­¡£ (2)acceptÇ¿µ÷Á¢³¡ÉϵĽá¹û£¬±í¡°ÁìÊÜ¡¢½ÓÊÜ¡±ÒâÒå¡£È磺

I received his gift but I didn¡¯t accept it.ÎÒÊÕµ½ÁËËûµÄÀñÎµ«ÎÒûÓнÓÊÜËü¡£

2. raise/rise

(1)raise vt. ¡°¾ÙÆð£¬Éý¸ß¡±¡£Ö¸°Ñ¶«Î÷Éý¸ßЩ»ò´ÙʹijÎïÉÏÉý¡£ Please raise your hand when you know the answer.ÄãÖªµÀÎÊÌâ´ð°¸¾ÍÇë¾ÙÊÖ¡£

(2)rise vi.¡°ÉÏÉý¡±£¬Ö¸ÏòÉÏ×ß¶¯»òÒÆ¶¯£¬ÈçºÓË®ÉÏÕǵȡ£

The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.Ì«Ñô´Ó¶«·½ÉýÆð£¬Î÷·½ÂäÏ¡£

rise»¹¿É×÷¡°Æð´²£¬ÆðÉí¡±½â¡£He rise early.ËûÆðµÃÔç¡£ ........................................................ 3. right away/ right now/ at once/just now

(1)right away, at once²àÖØ¶¯×÷£¬ÓжàÖÖʱ̬£¬Î½Óﶯ´ÊËæÊ±Ì¬±ä»¯¶ø±ä»¯¡£

I¡¯ll return the book right away.ÎÒÂíÉÏ»¹Êé¡£

(2)right now ²àÖØÊ±¼ä£¬Ê±Ì¬Ö»ÏÞÓëÒ»°ãÏÖÔÚʱºÍÒ»°ã½«À´Ê±¡£ The doctor is busy right now.Ò½Éú´Ë¿ÌÕýæ×Å¡£

I¡¯ll give you one or two instances just now.ÎÒÕýÒª¸øÄã¾ÙÒ»Á½¸öÀý×Ó¡£

µ«µ±just now ÓÃÓÚ¹ýȥʱµÄ¾ä×ÓÀïʱ£¬±íʾ¡°¸Õ²Å¡±¡£È磺 He came back just now.Ëû¸Õ²Å»ØÀ´ÁË¡£

S............................................................. 1. send/ send for

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I¡¯ve thought about it. I¡¯ll send you there.ÎÒ¿¼ÂǹýÁË£¬ÎÒ½«ÅÉÄãÈ¥ÄÇÀï¡£

Tom sends his mother some money every month.ÌÀķÿ¸öÔ¸øËûĸÇ׼ĵãÇ®¡£

(2)send for ÒâΪ¡°ÅÉÈËÈ¥Ç룬ÅÉÈËÈ¥Äá±£¬²»ÊDZ¾ÈËÈ¥ÇëÈ¥Äá£Æä±öÓï¿ÉÒÔÊÇÈË£¬ Ò²¿ÉÒÔÊÇÎï¡£È磺

Please keep it until I send for it.Çë°ÑËü±£´æºÃÒ»Ö±µ½ÎÒÅÉÈËÈ¥ÄᣠOne day his mother was ill; she sent for a doctor. Ò»ÌìËûĸÇײ¡ÁË£¬ËýÅÉÈËÈ¥ÇëÀ´ÁËһλҽÉú¡£

........................................................ 2. spend/ take/ cost

ÕâÈý¸ö¶¯´Ê¶¼¿ÉÓÃÀ´±íʾ¡°»¨·Ñ¡±Ê±¼ä£¬Ê¹ÓÃʱӦעÒ⣺ (1)take³£ÓÃit×÷Ö÷Óï¡£

¾äÐÍ£ºIt takes sb. time to do sth. È磺

It took me three hours to finish my work.Íê³ÉÕâÏ×÷ÓÃÁËÎÒ3¸öСʱ¡£

(2)spendÔòÓÃÈË×÷Ö÷Ó³£ÓõľäÐÍÊÇ¡°sb. spends time (in) doing sth.¡±¡£

He spent 30 minutes (in) writing the letter.ËûÓÃÁË30·ÖÖÓдÄÇ·âÐÅ¡£ (3)cost ±íʾ»¨Ê±¼äʱ²»ÄÜÓÃÓÚ±íʾ»¨¾ßÌåʱ¼ä£¨È缸¸öСʱ¡¢¼¸ÌìµÈ£©£¬ Æä±öÓï¶àÊDZíʾº¬ºýµÄʱ¼ä£¨Èç a long time, much timeµÈ£©£¬ÔÙ¾ÍÊÇËü²»ÄÜÓÃ

±íʾÈ˵ĴÊÓï×÷Ö÷ÓÈ磺

Doing the work cost the workers a long time.×öÕâÏ×÷»¨Á˹¤ÈËÃǺܳ¤µÄʱ¼ä¡£

cost ºóÃæ¸ü¶àµØÓÃÓÚ¾äÐÍ¡°It /sth. cost sb. + ½ðÇ®¡±£¬ ±íʾ¡°Ä³ÈË»¨¡­¡­Ç®×öijÊ¡±¡£

The TV set cost him 5000 yuan.Õą̂µçÊÓ»ú»¨ÁËËû5000Ôª¡£ ×¢Ò⣺cost¡ªcost---cost ¹ýȥʽ¡¢¹ýÈ¥·Ö´ÊºÍÔ­ÐÎÒ»Ñù¡£ ........................................................ 3.so that/so¡­that

(1)so that¡°ÒԱ㡱¡¢¡°ÎªÁË¡±£¬³£Òýµ¼Ä¿µÄ×´Óï´Ó¾ä¡£È磺

He got up early so that he could catch the first bus.ËûÆðµÃÔçΪÁ˸ϵÚÒ»°à³µ¡£

so thatËùÒýµ¼µÄ×´Óï´Ó¾äÖÐνÓﶯ´Êǰһ°ãÓÐÇé̬Öú¶¯´Êcan/mayµÈ¡£ (2) so¡­that¡°Èç´Ë¡­¡­ÒÔÖÁ¡­¡­¡±£¬that ºó³£¸ú½á¹û×´Óï´Ó¾ä¡£ÀýÈ磺 He is so tired that he can¡¯t walk any further.Ëû·Ç³£Æ£ÀÍ£¬×ß²»¶¯ÁË¡£

The film is so interesting that he wants to see it again. µçÓ°Ì«ÓÐȤÁË£¬ËûÏëÔÙ¿´Ò»±é¡£

........................................................ 4. sound/voice/noise

ÕâÈý¸ö´Ê¶¼±íʾ¡°ÉùÒô¡±£¬µ«Ê¹ÓÃÆðÀ´ÓÐÇø±ð£º

(1) soundÒ»°ãÖ¸¡°ÉùÒô¡±£¬Ö¸ÎïÌå¼ä»¥ÏàÅöײ·¢³öµÄÉùÒô¡£ (2) voiceÒ»°ãÖ¸ÈË»òÄñ¶ù·¢³öµÄÉùÒô¡£

(3) noiseÖ¸µÄÊÇ¡°àÐÔÓµÄÉùÒô¡±£¬¼´ÒýÆðÈËÃDz»Óä¿ìµÄÐúÄÖ¡¢àÐÔÓÒô¡£ Can you hear the terrible sound just now?¸Õ²ÅÄãÌýµ½ÄǸö¿ÉŵÄÉùÒôÁËÂð£¿

The famous singer has a beautiful voice.ÕâλÓÐÃûµÄ¸è³ª¼ÒÓÐÒ»¸±ºÃɤ×Ó¡£

Please stop making noises, boys.º¢×ÓÃÇ£¬ÇëÍ£Ö¹³³ÄÖÁË¡£ ........................................................ 5.say/ speak/ tell/ talk Õ⼸¸ö´Ê¶¼ÓС°Ëµ¡±µÄÒâ˼¡£

(1)sayΪ¼°Îﶯ´Ê£¬±íʾ¡°ËµµÄÄÚÈÝ¡±£¬ÓÐÒýÓñðÈËÔ­»°Ö®Òâ¡£ Wang Fang says, ¡±I am a student.¡±Íõ·¼Ëµ£º¡°ÎÒÊÇÒ»¸öѧÉú¡£¡± (2)speakΪ²»¼°Îﶯ´Ê£¬speak at the meeting,ÔÚ»áÉÏ·¢ÑÔ£¬speakºó½ÓÓïÑÔʱ

²Å×÷¼°Îﶯ´Ê£¬speak English˵ӢÓï¡£

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