2019年高考英语全国II卷真题详细解析

详解：2019年高考英语全国II卷真题解析 试卷导航 语篇 阅读理解A 阅读理解B 阅读理解C 阅读理解D 话题 体裁 人与社会： 应用文 好书介绍 人与自然： 夹叙夹议 志愿者 人与社会： 说明文 独自用餐 人与自然： 说明文 美国国家航空航天局HUNCH计划 人与自我： 说明文 动机与设定目标 人与社会： 记叙文 帮助素不相识的人找回丢失的宠物狗 人与社会： 记叙文 90岁高龄的Irene因（人物报道） 一直坚持工作而被评为Woman Of The Year 人与自我： 记叙文 “我”希望未来从事的职业及原因 人与社会： 应用文 告知信 词数 236+64 =300 310+128=438 298+126=424 263+115=378 难度 易 中 中 中 阅读七选五 完形填空 273+61=334 281 中 中 语法填空 207 易 短文改错 106 中 书面表达 100（左右） 中 试题解读 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

My Favourite Books

Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series (系列) of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads. Matilda Roald Dahl

I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl’s writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful worlds. Matilda’s battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress, Miss Trunchbull, are equally funny and frightening, but they’re also aspirational. After Dark

Haruki Murakami

It’s about two sisters – Eri, a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student. In trying to connect to her sister, Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse “night people” who are hiding secrets. Gone Girl Gillian Fynn

There was a bit of me that didn’t want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story is brilliant. There’s tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. It’s a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what’s going on is horribly enjoyable. The Stand

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Stephen King

This is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the world’s population, a battle unfolds between good and evil among those left. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever. 21. Who does “I” refer to in the text? A. Stephen King. B. Gillian Flynn. C. Jo Usmar. D. Roald Dahl. 22. Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri? A. Cosmopolitan. B. Matilda. C. After Dark. D. The Stand. 23. What kind of book is Gone Girl? A. A folk tale. B. A biography. C. A love story. D. A horror story. 语篇解读 关键词 top reads 主旨概要 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了作家Jo Usmar选出的四本好书。 百科知识 1. Cosmopolitan：美国版时尚杂志，是世界上销售规模最大的年轻女性杂志。 2. Roald Dahl：罗尔德·达尔（1916年9月13日—1990年11月23日），英国杰出的儿童文学作家、剧作家和短篇小说作家。 3. Haruki Murakami：村上春树，日本现代著名小说家，亦擅长美国文学的翻译。 4. Gillian Flynn：吉莉安·弗琳，美国编剧、制片人。 5. Stephen King：斯蒂芬·金，美国作家，编写过剧本、专栏评论，曾担任电影导演、制片人以及演员。 语言知识 重难点词 pick 挑选；top（非正式）很好的；（a good / interesting）read（好的 / 有意思的）书（或文章等）；equally 同样地；diverse 各种各样的；fantasy n幻想；around adv 现有 构词法 合成词： lifestyle 生活方式，工作方式（名词 + 名词）; headmistress（尤指私立学校的）校长（名词 + 名词）； outbreak 爆发（副词 + 动词）； storyteller 故事（或小说）作者（名词 + 名词） 派生词： co-author 合著者（前缀co-“和……一起”）； appreciation 理解，认识（名词后缀-tion “……的状态”）； delightful 令人愉快的（形容词后缀-ful“充满……的”）； bossy专横的（形容词后缀-y“有……特质的”）； aspirational 渴望成功的（形容词后缀-al“有……特性”）； tension 矛盾（名词后缀-sion“……的状态”）; anxiety 焦虑（名词后缀-ty“……的状态”）； frustration 受挫（名词后缀-tion“……的状态”）； unfold 发生（否定前缀un-“不；表示相反的动作”） 2

重难点词块 长难句分析 其他： whodunit n（非正式用语）是Who done it?的变体，意为“（在结尾才知道谁是谋杀犯的）侦探小说 / 戏剧”。 fairy tale童话；battle for争夺；folk tale 民间故事 / 传说；horror story 恐怖故事；wipe out彻底毁灭；good and evil 善与恶 There was a bit of me that didn’t want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story is brilliant. 句意为：过去虽然其他人都喜欢恐怖小说，但是我有点不太喜欢。不过，这本恐怖小说倒是很出色。句中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词me；when引导让步状语从句，相当于although。 It’s a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what’s going on is horribly enjoyable. 句意为：它的情节扑朔迷离，当你意识到发生了什么时，沮丧就会成为一种可怕的享受。句中 when 引导的时间状语从句前置于主句的表语之前，正常语序为：the frustration is horribly enjoyable when you realise what’s going on. 答案与解析 21. C 推理判断题 根据第一段及该段最后一句Here she picks her top reads.可知，下文介绍作家Jo Usmar选出的最好的读物，所以下文中的“I”指的是Jo Usmar。

22. C 事实细节题 根据After Dark的相关内容中It’s about two sisters — Eri，a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping，and Mari, a young student.可知答案。

23. D 事实细节题 根据Gone Girl的相关内容中There was a bit of me that didn’t want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story is brilliant. 可知答案。

B

“You can use me as a last resort (选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids’ lacrosse (长曲棍球) club.

I guess that there’s probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on. At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.”

I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.

Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community (社区) as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.

In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies? 24. What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph 1?

A. She knows little about the club. B. She isn’t good at sports.

C. She just doesn’t want to volunteer. D. She’s unable to meet her schedule.

25. What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean?

A. Encourage teamwork. B. Appeal to feelings. C. Promote good deeds. D. Provide advice. 26. What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3?

A. She gets interested in lacrosse. B. She is proud of her kids.

C. She’ll work for another season. D. She becomes a good helper.

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27. Why does the author like doing volunteer work?

A. It gives her a sense of duty. B. It makes her very happy. C. It enables her to work hard. D. It brings her material rewards. 语篇解读 关键词 volunteer, unwilling, joy, a selfish act, benefit, reward 主旨概要 本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，讲述了作者成功说服一位本不愿意参与志愿者工作的家长参加长曲棍球社团的志愿者活动的过程，并且这位家长后来成为这个团队中有力的帮手。同时阐述了作者在参与志愿者活动过程中获得了很多快乐，这让其他人受益，同时自己也获得了回报。 原文出处 选自The Week，名为I’m addicted to volunteering. Is that selfish?的文章。 https://theweek.com/articles/692618/im-addicted-volunteering-that-selfish 语言知识 重难点词 demanding adj（工作）要求高的；coach v（对体育运动、工作或技能进行） 训练，培训，指导 (名词动词化)；power 影响力；end-of-season adj赛季末的；invaluable 极有价值的；bloodthirsty 嗜血成性的（此处是比喻的用法，比喻孩子们很渴）；still（句子副词）虽然如此，然而；freely 自愿地，直率地；pretty adv非常 重难点词块 put out 公布；step up 走上前去；tug at the heartstrings 触动心弦；single parent 单亲； at this point 这时；speak up 明确表态；along the way 一路过来；end up 最终成为；off the hook 脱离困境； hand out 分发； come to a close 结束； couple sth with sth 把某事与某事连接起来；appeal to 打动 长难句分析 I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on. 句意为：我说起一位负责该活动的单亲家长，他有四个孩子；也谈到一位爸爸，即便他儿子没在那个球队，也给该球队执教。running the show作后置定语，修饰parent；coaching a team作后置定语，修饰dad；that引导定语从句，修饰team。 I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. 句意为：我暗自欣慰，因为我知道把志愿者责任感分享给许多人会有真正的影响力。 That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. 句意为：在欣慰的同时，也深刻理解了为什么同一拨人会不断回来参与更多的活动：当你自愿地提供时间、金钱、技能或服务时，参与社区活动会给予真正的快乐。why引导宾语从句，作of的宾语；Connecting to the community作主语，provides a real joy作谓语，as引导时间状语从句。 In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit. 句意为：从那个角度说，我很确信志愿服务是一种自私的行为，但我不愿承认这一点。 However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies? 句意为：然而，如果其他人在这个过程中受益，我也得到了一些回报，我的动机是什么重要吗？if引导状语从句，主句为does it really matter where my motivation lies。it是形式主语，指代where my motivation lies。

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24. C 推理判断题 根据第一段的You can use me as a last resort, and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.可知，这位家长说如果其他人都不愿意做志愿者的工作，她会做这份工作，作者可以把她当作最后的备选。言外之意就是她不愿意做志愿者的工作。

25. B 词义猜测题 heartstrings是由heart + strings组成，可知此短语与心情有关。由上文可知，作者猜测这位家长对于参与一项不熟悉的运动可能有一些顾虑，作者需要说服她。由I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on.可知，作者提到了一位有四个孩子的单亲家长负责该活动；一位爸爸即便自己孩子没有加入球队，也给该球队执教。由此可猜测出作者是想从感情上打动这位家长。

26. D 事实细节题 根据第三段的Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team.可知，这位家长后来成为社团里的一个有力帮手。

27. B 事实细节题 根据第四段的Connecting to the community as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.可知，做志愿者使作者很快乐。

C

Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach’s Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel’s “me” time. And like more Americans, she’s not alone.

A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half (53 percent) have breakfast alone and nearly half (46 percent) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report.

“I prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know?” Bechtel said, looking up from her book.

Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. “Today, I just wanted some time to myself,” she said.

Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he’s on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction (交流). “I reflect on how my day’s gone and think about the rest of the week,” he said. “It’s a chance for self-reflection. You return to work recharged and with a plan.”

That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn’t feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology,” said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the report. 28. What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?

A. Food variety. B. Eating habits. C. Table manners. D. Restaurant service. 29. Why does Bechtel prefer to go out for lunch?

A. To meet with her coworkers. B. To catch up with her work. C. To have some time on her own. D. To collect data for her report. 30. What do we know about Mazoleny?

A. He makes videos for the bar. B. He’s fond of the food at the bar. C. He interviews customers at the bar. D. He’s familiar with the barkeeper. 31. What is the text mainly about?

A. The trend of having meals alone. B. The importance of self-reflection. C. The stress from working overtime. D. The advantage of wireless technology. 语篇解读 关键词 eat alone

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