四级热点语法
5 在wish之后的宾语从句，if only 引起的状语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟语气
在wish之后的宾语从句，if only 引起的状语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟语气。如：
He didn't go to the party, but he does wish he there. A) had been B) has been
C) would have been D) would be
他没有去参加聚会，但他的确希望他去了那里。（1992.6 答案是Ａ)
I wish I ___ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class. A) could have slept B) slept
C) might have slept D) have slept
今天早上我能睡得更久些就好了，可惜我得起床去上课。(95.6-45,A对)
Look at the situation I'm in! If only I ___ your advice. A) follow B) had followed
C) would follow D) have followed
瞧！我的处境多么糟糕，要是我听了你的忠告就好了。(1993.6 答案是B)
If only the committee ____ the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible. A) approve B) will approve
C) can approve D) would approve
要是委员会能通过这些规定并使之尽快生效就好了。（97.1-47, D对）
6 在it is（high） time 之后的定语从句，谓语用过去式
在it is（high） time 之后的定语从句，谓语用过去式：
It's time about the traffic problem downtown. A) something was done B) anything will be done C) everything is done D) nothing to be done
该是采取一些措施解决市区交通问题的时候了。 （1993.6 , 答案是Ａ）
It's already 5 o'clock now. Don't you think it's about time ____? A) we are going home B) If she leaves C) we went home D) If she had left
现在已经 5 点钟了,你难道不认为该回家了吗? ( 96.6-43, C对)
“You are very selfish. It's high time you ______ that you are not the most important person in the world.” Edgar said to his boss angrily. A) realized B) have realized C)realize D)should realize “你真自私！你早该清醒了，你并不是世界上最重要的人物。”伊葛愤怒地对老板说。(99.1-57, A对)
7 在as if引导的状语从句中，谓语可用虚拟语气，也可用陈述语气，要看句子的意义而定
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四级热点语法
在as if引导的状语从句中，谓语可用虚拟语气，也可用陈述语气，要看句子的意义而定。如：
That tree looked as if it for a long time. A) hasn't watered B) didn't water
C) hadn't been watered D) wasn't watered
（1992.12 答案是Ｃ）那棵树看上去好像很久没人给它浇水了。（虚拟语气）
It looks as if it is going to rain.
好象要下雨了。（陈述语气）
8 在lest 引导的状语从句中，谓语动词用陈述语气或虚拟语气
在lest 引导的状语从句中，谓语动词用陈述语气或虚拟语气（“should＋动词原形”或动词原形）
I asked them to ring first lest we were out.
我请他们先打电话来，以免我们不在家。（陈述语气）
The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he ______himself.
A) injure B) had injured C) injured D) would injure
这个疯子被关进墙上装有衬垫的病房，以免伤了他自己。(98.1-38, Ａ对。虚拟语气）
9 不定式的完成式用在某些含有“希望、打算、期望”等意义的动词的过去式之后，表示希望做的事没有做
不定式的完成式用在某些含有“希望、打算、期望”等意义的动词的过去式之后，表示希望做的事没有做。这些动词包括expect, hope, intend, mean, promise, think, want, wish与should/would like等。例如：
I meant to have written to you as soon as I got there, but I was too busy to do so.
我原想一到那儿就给你写信，但我太忙了，就没有写。
这些动词的过去完成式后接不定式的一般式也表达同样的意思:
I had meant to write to you as soon as I got there, but I was too busy to do so. We ____ to start our own business, but we never had enough money. A) have hoped B) would hope C)had hoped D) should hope
我们原想开办自己的企业,可是钱不够。（94.1-46, C对)
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四级热点语法
情态动词
1. may/might表示允许和可能:
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a) 允许: 询问或说明一件事可不可以做.
May I trouble you with a question?
You may take this seat if you like.
He asked if he might glance through my album.
You might as well speak your mind. (比may?显得婉转一些)
b) 可能: 表示一件事或许发生(或是某种情况可能会存在).
You may walk ten miles without seeing a house.
She was afraid they might not like the idea.
A bad thing might be turned to good account.
c) might 表示请求:
Might I ask for a photograph of your baby? (比May I ?更客气一些)
2. can’t, couldn’t表示否定的推测:
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She can’t be serious.
A more suitable book can’t be found. (It is not possible to find a more suitable book.)
He couldn’t (can’t) be over fifty.
3. should, ought to: 表示应该做的事, ought to比should口气稍重一些.
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四级热点语法
You should (ought to) do as he says.
You shouldn’t (oughtn’t to) talk like that.
但这两者间也有一些差别, 在表示责任, 义务等该做的事情时, 常用ought to, 在表示某件事宜于做时, 多用should, 在下面的句子中这两个词就不宜换用:
You are his father. You ought to take care of him.
We should not use too many big words in our everyday speech.
4. will, would
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5. shall, should表示意愿
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6. 情态动词后接进行式, 完成式和完成进行式:
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a) 情态动词可以和动词的进行式构成谓语, 表示”应该正在?”, “想必正在?”这类意思:
Why should we be sitting here doing nothing?
This isn’t what I ought to be doing.
She might still be thinking about the question you raised.
They must (may) be waiting for us, let’s hurry up.
They can’t be using the room now.
b) 情态动词有时和动词的完成形式构成谓语, 表示”应当已经?”, “想必已经?”这类意思:
I should have thought of that.
They shouldn’t have left so soon.
She must have arrived by now.
You needn’t have told them that.
Where can (could) he have gone?
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