四级热点语法
名词性从句 主语从句
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1.主语从句有三类:
a) 由what等代词引导的主语从句: what表示“?所?的(东西)”, 在结构上等于一个名词加一个定语从句; whatever表示“所?的一切”; whoever表示“一切?的人”.
What you need is more practice.
What is hard is to do good all one’s life and never do anything bad
Whatever was said here must be kept secret.
Whatever I have is at your service.
Whoever comes will be welcome.
Whoever fails to see this will make a big blunder.
b) 由连词that引起的主语从句: 这类主语从句在大多数情况下都放到句子后部去, 而用代词it做形式上的主语:
That we need more equipment is quite obvious.
It is impossible that I may not able to come.
It doesn’t seem likely that she will be here.
在口语中连词that有时可以省略掉:
It’s good you’re so considerate.
It’s a pity you missed such a fine talk.
c) 由连接代词或连接副词(或whether)引起的主语从句: 这类主语从句, 也可以放到句子后部去, 前面用it做形式上的主语.
When we shall have our sports meet is still a question.
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四级热点语法
It is still a question when we shall have our sports meet.
Whether he will join us won’t make too much difference.
It won’t make too much difference whether he will join us.
宾语从句
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1.和主语从句及表语从句一样, 宾语从句也有以上三类:
a) 连接代词或副词引导的从句只是在某些动词后能用作宾语.
Tell me what you want.
I just can’t imagine how he could have done such a thing.
Have you decided whom you are to nominate as your candidate.
能跟这类宾语从句的常见动词有: see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, show, discover, discuss, understand, inform, advise等. 这种动词后也常用whether或if引导的从与作宾语:
I don’t know whether these figure are accurate.
I’m wondering if the letter is overweight.
这种从句有时前面可以有另一个宾语:
Has she informed you when they are to hold the meeting?
Please advise me which book I should read first.
有时这种从句也可用作及词的宾语:
Whether that is a good solution depends on how you look at it.
He was not conscious of what an important discovery he had made.
I was curious as to what he would say next.
b) 用that引导的从句作宾语的情形最为普遍, 在很多动词如boast, say, think, insist, wish, hope, suppose, see, believe, agree, acknowledge, admit, deny, expect, explain, confess,
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四级热点语法
order, command, suspect, dream, suggest, propose, know, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, report, urge, 以及doubt的否定和疑问式后面都可以用它.
常考知识点:
由what 引导的名词从句
由what 引导的名词从句，相当于“the thing(s)+which...”
In some countries, ______ is called \all people.
A）which B）what C）that D）one
在某些国家，被称为“平等”的东西，并不意味着真正对所有的人平等。 (95.6-55,B对)
By success I don't mean ______ usually thought of when that word is used. A）what is B）that we C）as you D）all is
我说的成功，并不是指我们使用该词时通常所想的东西。(96.6-49,A对）
what从句里常常出现we think, you consider之类的插入语:
As teachers we should concern ourselves with what is said, not what we think ______. A）ought to be said B）must say C）have to be said D）need to say
作为教师，我们所关心的，应该是我们所说的话，而不是我们认为该说什么话。（97.6-49,A对)
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四级热点语法
形容词从句:定语从句
限制和非限制性定语从句
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限制和非限制性定语从句: 限制性定语从句是名词词组不可缺少的一个组成部分,去掉了会造成病句或意义不明确; 非限制性定语从句属于补充说明性质, 去掉了不会影响主要意义, 通常用逗号与它的先行词分开.
The boys who wanted to play football were disappointed when it rained.
The boys, who wanted to play football, were disappointed when it rained.
如果定语从句的先行词是专有名词, 或是带有形容词性物主代词(my, his, etc)或形容词
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