2010年高考英语：单项填空解题技巧

高考英语单项填空解题技巧

高考单选共计20小题，每小题0.5分。 命题重点：

1. 考查基础语法知识.

2. 考查语法知识的运用能力. 命题特点：

1注重语境,强调运用．

2涉及知识面广，涵盖了冠词﹑形容词﹑副词﹑动词﹑非谓语动词﹑定语从句及状语从句等。动词一直是考查的重点。 解题策略归纳为以下三法：

1还原法。 2一致法。 3标点法。

还原法

还原法，即句子结构分析法。很多高考单项选择题考点实为难度较小的简单句，但命题人往往通过加长句式，将陈述句改为疑问或感叹等句型，使用插入语，采用倒装和省略等手段使简单的句式复杂化, 以增加干扰因素。解题时，应通过句型分析弄清题干的来龙去脉，还原简单句的本来面目。 主要有如下八种还原方式：

1. 将疑问句还原成陈述句。例如： Whom is it up to ____the matter?

A．decide B. to decide C. deciding D. decided

解析：将题干还原为陈述句：It is up to sb. to decide the matter. 2 将感叹句还原成陈述句。例如：

_____role she played in the film! No wonder she has won an Oscar. A. How interesting B. How an interesting C. What interesting D. What an interesting

解析：将题干还原为陈述句：She played an interesting role in the film. 3 将被动语态还原成主动语态。例如：

Our time should be made full use of _____.

A. study B. studied C. studying D. to study

解析：将题干还原为成主动语态：We should make full use of our time to study.

4 将倒装语序还原成正常语序。例如：

Here is a note book, in which _____ the names of the visitors. A. write B. written C. were written D. was written

解析：将题干还原为正常语序: The names of the visitors were written in the note book.

5 将强调句式还原成一般句式。 例如:

It was ____ that resulted in the terrible car accident. A. because of her carelessness B. her being careless C. because she was careless D. she was so careless 解析：将题干还原为一般句式: Her being careless was resulted in the terrible car accident.

6 还原定语从句为一个简单的修饰语。例如:

The man you are looking forward to ______ us a talk。 A．giving B.will give C. given D. give

解析: 把定语从句you are looking forward to看成一个简单的修饰语 7 删除附加结构,将复杂句还原成简单句。 例如: John plays football ____, if not better than, David.

A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as

解析: 将插入语 if not better than 删除得出: John plays football as well as David.

8 将省略句还原成完整的句子。例如:

-----Do you know what Tom does all day ?

-----I know he spends at least as much time watching TV as he ____ his lessons.

A. is doing B. does C. spends in D. does doing

解析:将连词as 后的从句还原完整,得出: as he spends (in) doing his lessons. 一致法

一致法是另一种句子结构分析法,即在解题时我们要注意句子前后的关系要一致,包括主谓一致,时态一致,代词一致,比较对象一致等等,以此找到解题的突破口.例如:

1The man rushed out of the room, ____into his car and started it hurriedly, ____to get home as soon as possible.

A. got; hoped B. getting; and hoped C. got; hoping D. getting; hoped 2. Written in a hurry, _________.

A Peter made many mistakes in the paper B There are many mistakes in the paper C we found some mistakes in the paper D the paper is full of mistakes 标点法

在解答单项选择题时标点符号的作用不可忽视.在做题时一个标点符号可能就决定了一个题的答案.例如:

1. Our first destination was Indian Greek in Kansas.____was then the frontier.

A. That B. Which C. What D. Then

2. Everyone was on time for the meeting—_____Chris, who’s usually ten minutes late for everything.

A. but B. only C. even D. yet

总之,高考单项选择题考查内容涉及面广并突出了综合性和语境化的特点.解题时,应结合语境,认真分 析句子,灵活运用语法词汇知识,通过现象看本质,从而达到分析问题和解决问题的目的.