KHC2O4 + NaOH = NaKC2O4 + H2O
nKHC2O4 H2O?(cV)NaOH?0.2012?0.02520?0.005070(mol)
cKMnO4?2nKHC2O4?H2O5VKMnO4?2?0.005070?6.760?10?2(mol/L)
5?0.0300027.某KMnO4标准溶液的浓度为0.02484mol/L,求滴定度:(1)TKMnO4/Fe;(2)TKMnO4/Fe2O3; (3)TKMnO4/FeSO4?7H2O。
?解: MnO4?5Fe2??8H??Mn2??5Fe3??4H2O
TKMnO4/Fe?5?1.000?0.02484?55.845?0.006937(g/mL)
1000TKMnO4/Fe2O3?TKMnO4/FeSO4?7H2O?
5?1.000?0.02484?159.69?0.009917(g/mL)
2?10005?1.000?0.02484?278.03?0.03453(g/mL)
100028.用0.2643g纯As2O3试剂标定某KMnO4溶液的浓度。先用NaOH溶解As2O3,酸化后用此KMnO4溶液滴定,用去40.46mL。计算KMnO4溶液的浓度。
解: As2O3+ 6NaOH = 2Na3AsO3+3H2O Na3AsO3 + 3H+ = H3AsO3 + 3Na+
?2MnO4?5H3AsO3?6H??2Mn2??5H3AsO4?3H2O
由反应方程式知4mol KMnO4可与5mol As2O3反应
cKMnO44?0.2643197.84?0.02641(mol/L) ?5?0.0404629.准确称取铁矿石试样0.5000g,用酸溶解后加SnCl2,使Fe3+还原为Fe2+,然后用24.50mL KMnO4标准溶液滴定,已知1.00mL KMnO4相当于0.01260g H2C2O4·2H2O。试问:(1)矿石中Fe及Fe2O3的质量分数各为多少?(2)取市售双氧水3.00mL稀释至250.0mL,从中取出20.00mL试液,需要上述KMnO4标准溶液21.18mL滴定至终点。计算每100.0mL市售双氧水中所含H2O2的质量。
?解:(1) MnO4?5Fe2??8H??Mn??5Fe3??4H2O
?2MnO4?5H2O2?6H??2Mn2??5O2??8H2O ?2MnO4?5H2C2O4?6H??2Mn2??10CO2??8H2O
2cKMnO4?mH2C2O4?2H2OMH2C2O4?2H2O5VKMnO42?0.01260126.07?0.03998?mol/L? ?5?0.001000?Fe?5?0.02450?0.03998?55.84?100%?54.71%
0.50005?0.02450?0.03998?159.69?100%?78.21%
2?0.5000?FeO?23(2)?HO?225?0.03998?0.02118?34.02?250.02?3.0020.00?100?30.0(g/100mL)
30.准确称取含有PbO和PbO2化合物的试液1.234g,在其酸性溶液中加入20.00mL 0.2500mol/L H2C2O4溶液,使PbO2还原为Pb2+。所得溶液用氨水中和,使溶液中所有的Pb2+均沉淀为PbC2O4。过滤,滤液酸化后用0.04000mol/L KMnO4标准溶液滴定,用去10.00mL。 然后将所得PbC2O4溶于酸后,用0.04000mol/L KMnO4标准溶液滴定,用去30.00mL,计算试样中PbO和PbO2的质量分数。
2?解: PbO2?C2O4?4H??Pb2??2CO2?2H2O
PbO?H2C2O4?PbC2O4??H2O
Pb2??H2C2O4?PbC2O4??2H?
?2MnO4?5H2C2O4?6H??2Mn2??10CO2??8H2O
加入H2C2O4的总物质的量为:n= 0.2500×0.02000 = 0.005000(mol)
1
滤液中与高锰酸钾反应的H2C2O4为:
n?555nKMnO4?(cV)KMnO4?0.04000?0.01000?0.001000(mol) 222沉淀溶解后,与KMnO4反应的H2C2O4的物质的量为:
nH2C2O4?55(cV)KMnO4??0.04000?0.03000?0.003000(mol)?nPb 22与PbO2反应的H2C2O4的物质的量为:
n??0.005000?0.001000?0.003000?0.001000(mol)?nPbO2
?PbO?20.001000?239.2?100%?19.38%
1.234?PbO?(0.003000?0.001000)?223.2?100%?36.18%
1.23431.仅含有惰性杂质的铅丹(Pb3O4)试样重3.500g,加一移液管Fe2+标准溶液和足量的稀H2SO4于此试样中,溶解作用停止后,过量的Fe2+需3.05mL 0.04000 mol/L KMnO4溶液滴定。同样一移液管的上述Fe2+标准溶液,在酸性介质中用0.04000 mol/L KMnO4溶液滴定,需用
去48.05mL,计算铅丹中Pb3O4的质量分数。
解: Pb3O4的组成为2PbO?PbO2
Pb3O4 ? 2Fe2? ? 2H? ? 3PbO ? 2Fe3? ? H2O一移液管Fe2+标准溶液中Fe2+物质的量为:
MnO ? 5Fe ? 8H ? Mn ? 5Fe ? 4H2O?42??2?3?
nFe2??5nKMnO4?5?0.04000?0.04805=?0.009610(mol)
与Pb3O4反应后剩余的Fe2+的物质的量为:
(mol) nFe2?(剩余)?5?0.04000?0.00305?0.000610与Pb3O4反应的Fe2+的物质的量为:
?2??nFe2?-nFe2(剩余)(mol) nFe?0.009610-0.000610?0.009000??由题意知 nPb3O4?1/2nFe2?
?PbO?34?2??MPb3O4nFe2?mnn?100%?0.009000?685.6?100%?88.15%
2?3.500
32.准确称取软锰矿试样0.5261g,在酸性介质中加入0.7049g纯Na2C2O4,待反应完全后,过量的Na2C2O4用0.02160mol/L KMnO4标准溶液滴定,用去30.47mL。计算软锰矿中MnO2的质量分数。
解: MnO2?H2C2O4?2H??Mn2??2CO2??2H2O
?2MnO4?5H2C2O4?6H??2Mn2??10CO2??8H2O
与KMnO4反应的H2C2O4的物质的量为:
nH2C2O4?5?(0.02160?0.03047)?0.001645(mol/L) 2?MnO2(0.7049?0.001645)?86.94134.0??100%?59.75%
0.526133.用K2Cr2O7标准溶液测定1.000g试样中的铁。试问1.000LK2Cr2O7标准溶液中应含有多少克K2Cr2O7时,才能使滴定管读到的体积(单位mL) 恰好等于试样中铁的质量分数(%)。
解:设滴定管读数为Vml,需用K2Cr2O7的质量为m
2?Cr2O7?6Fe2??14H??2Cr3??6Fe3??7H2O
m6?MK2Cr2O71.000?Vm1000?MFe6??100%?1.000294.18?V?55.8410001.000?100%?V% 1.000m=8.780(g)
2?34.0.4897g鉻铁矿试样经Na2O2熔融后,使其中的Cr3+氧化成CrO7,然后加入
10mL3mol/L H2SO4及50.00mL 0.1202mol/L 硫酸亚铁铵溶液处理。过量的Fe2+需用15.05mL K2Cr2O7标准溶液滴定,而1.00mL K2Cr2O7标准溶液相当于0.006023g Fe。求试样中鉻的质量分数,若以Cr2O3表示时又为多少?
2?解: 2Cr3??Cr2O7
2?CrO7?6Fe2??14H??2Cr3??6Fe3??7H2O
2?2Cr3?~Cr2O7~6Fe2?
0.006023?1000cKCr2O7?6?1.00055.84?0.01798(mol/L)
?Cr?2?(0.05000?0.1202?6?0.01798?0.01505)?52.00?100%?15.53%
6?0.4897(0.05000?0.1202?6?0.01798?0.01505)?151.99?100%?22.69%
6?0.4897?CrO?2335.将0.1963g分析纯K2Cr2O7试剂溶于水,酸化后加入过量KI,析出的I2需用33.61mL Na2S2O3溶液滴定。计算Na2S2O3溶液的浓度。
解: K2Cr2O7?6I??14H??2Cr3??3I2?7H2O
2Na2S2O3+I2? Na2S4O6?2I?
cNa2S2O3?6?0.1963294.18?0.1191(mol/L)
0.0336136.称取含有Na2HAsO3和As2O5及惰性物质的试样0.2500g,溶解后在NaHCO3存在下用0.05150mol/L I2标准溶液滴定,用去15.80mL。再酸化溶液并加入过量KI,析出的I2用0.1300mol/L Na2S2O3标准溶液滴定,用去20.70mL。计算试样中Na2HAsO3和As2O5的质量分数。
2?2?解: I2?HAsO3?H2O?HAsO4?2I??2H?
?NaHAsO?230.05150?0.01580?169.9?100%?55.30%
0.2500As2O5?6NaOH?2Na3AsO4?3H2O
2?2I??H3AsO4?2H??H3AsO3?I2?H2O
2Na2S2O3+I2? Na2S4O6?2I?
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