5. Rainsford had fought his way through the bush for two hours,“I must keep my nerve. I must
keep my nerve,”he said through tight teeth.
IV. Reading comprehension:
The most curious fact about the detective story is that it makes its greatest appeal precisely to those classes of people who are most immune to other forms of daydream literature. The typical detective story addict is a doctor or clergyman or scientist or artist, i.e., a fairly successful professional man with intellectual interests and well-read in his own field, who could never stand The Saturday Evening Post or True Confessions or movie magazines or comics.
It is sometimes said that detective stories are read by respectable law-abiding citizens in order to gratify in fantasy the violent or murderous wishes they dare not, or are ashamed to, translate into action. This may be true for readers of thrillers (which I rarely enjoy), but it is quite false for the reader of detective stories. On the contrary, the magical satisfaction the latter provide (which makes them escape literature, not works of art) is the illusion of being dissociated from the murderer.
The magic formula is an innocence which is discovered to contain guilt; then a suspicion of being the guilty one; and finally a real innocence from which the guilty other has been expelled, a cure effected, not by me or my neighbors, but by the miraculous intervention of a genius from outside who removes guilt by giving knowledge of guilt, (The detective story subscribes, in fact, to the Socratic daydream: \
If one thinks of a work of art which deals with murder, Crime and Punishment for example, its effect on the reader is to compel an identification with the murderer which he would prefer not to recognize. The identification of fantasy is always an attempt to avoid one's own suffering: the identification of art is a compelled sharing in the suffering of another. Kafka's The Trial is another instructive example of the difference between a work of art and detective story. In the latter it is certain that a crime has been committed and, temporarily, uncertain to whom guilt should be attached; as soon as this is known, the innocence of everyone else is certain. (Should it turn out that after all no crime has been committed, then all would be innocent.) In The Trial, on the other hand, it is the guilt that is certain and the crime that is uncertain; the aim of the hero's investigation is not to prove his innocence (which would be impossible for he knows he is guilty), but to discover what, if anything, he has done to make himself guilty. K, the hero, is, in fact, a portrait of the kind of person who reads detective stories for escape.
The fantasy, then, which the detective story addict indulges in is the fantasy of being restored to the Garden of Eden, to a state of innocence, where he may know love as love and not as the law. The driving force behind this daydream is the feeling of guilt, the cause of which is unknown to the dreamer. The fantasy of escape is the same, whether one explains the guilt in Christian, Freudian, or any other terms. One's way of trying to face the reality, on the other hand, will, of course, depend very much on one's creed.
1. The opening paragraph of the passage suggests that the author would consider True Confessions and movie magazines as_______.
A. sources of factual data about society B. worthwhile contemporary periodicals C. standard forms of escapist literature D. less addictive than detective fiction
2. The author of the passage asserts that readers of detective fiction can most accurately be described as___________.
A. believers in the creed of art for art's sake
B. dreamers unable to face the monotony of everyday reality
C. persons seeking momentary release from a vague sense of guilt D. idealists drawn to the comforts of organized religion 3. The word \A. move B. explain C. convey D. convert
4. Which of the following best describes what the author is doing in citing the example of Kafka's The Trial (Para. 4)?
A. Dramatizing the plot of a typical detective story. B. Analyzing its distinctive qualities as a work of art.
C. Refuting a common opinion about readers of detective fiction. D. Demonstrating the genius of the outside investigator.
5 . The author's attitude toward detective fiction can best be described as one of_______. A. strong distaste B. open skepticism C. aloof indifference D. genuine appreciation
V. Translation
2．每年年底以前还清全部所欠款时我的习惯。
3．20年以前，“中国造‖还是劣质产品的标记，但是现在我们的出口品在质量上可以和世界最好的相比了。4．去年我们的出口达到了5，000亿美元，增长了15个百分点。 5．一种货币的贬值通常对出口有利，而对进口不利。 三、
I. Grammar: choose the best words to complete the following sentences
1. The house was very quiet, _____ as it was on the side of a mountain.
A. isolated C. being isolated take drugs ____ indicated. A. like C. as reasonable.‖ A. In view of C. Considering A. until
B. Since D. Because B. and B. which D. so B. isolating
D. having been isolated
1. 天突然好起来了。我们大家都高兴得跳了起来。
2. Careful surveys have indicated that as many as 50 percent of patients do not
3. Was your sweater expensive?‖ ―____ that it is handsome, the price seems
4. Shops are open from Monday _____ Friday.
C. through poverty. A. all what C. that all
other has not adapted successfully. A. to which C. wherever comfortably. A. is worn C. wearing Way.
A. It is estimated C. That is estimated A. injure C. injured be back for hours. A. At C. On
D. or
5. These people once had fame and fortune, now _____ is left to them is utter
B. all which D. all that
6. There is hardly an environment on earth _____ some species of animal or
B. so that D. as to
7. This kind of glasses manufactured by experienced craftsmen ____
B. wears D. are worn
8. _____ that millions of galaxies exist in the vast space outside the Milky
B. An estimate D. That the estimate B. had injured D. would injure
9. The man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he _____ himself.
10. _____ my return, I learnt that he had been at the museum and would not
B. With D. During
II. Read the following paragraph taken from one of our texts and fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words given below
Productive transport gain discriminate logic against shield judge reversible propel
Just because globalization is largely spontaneous 1_________ by better communications and 2____________--does not mean that it is inevitable and 3___________. Government can, in subtle and not so subtle ways, 4___________ local industries and workers 5___________ imports or 6_____________ against foreign investors. If only a few countries do, their actions will not matter much. Global capital and trade will go where they are most welcome and 7_________. Indeed, it is precisely this 8 __________that has persuaded so many countries to accept globalization. If they don’t, someone else will. 9__________by their behavior, most governments believe they have more to10 _________ than to lose.,
III. Paraphrase the following sentences
1. He nodded toward the corner to where the giant stood, his thick arms crossed on his hogshead of a chest. 2. But they were outshouted and ignored and finally shunned by the other villagers. 3. It was by an oversight that his work was accepted.
4. Behind the merger boom lies the growing corporate conviction that many markets have become truly global.
5. But ours was a natural or, rather, a divine calendar, because it was framed by acts of God: earthquake and
droughts and floods and locusts and pestilences.
IV．Translate the following sentences
1. 这所大学已经发展到了研究生多于本科生的阶段。 2. 在爆炸中有24名观光者死亡，更多的人被送进了医院。 3. 我真为小林惋惜，她本来是能够获得冠军的。
4. No one in Washington today recalls what happened during the years alcohol was forbidden to the people by a
Congress that thought it had a divine mission to stamp out Demon Rum —— launching, in the process, the greatest crime wave in the country’s history.
5. So far, so normal, and this could have been an outdoor summer-stock Shakespeare production anywhere in
America, except in one aspect: a police car was now parked conspicuously in view, its roof light slowly rotating.
V．Reading comprehension
\human societies men's sureness of their sex role is tied up with their right, or ability, to practice some activity that women are not allowed to practice. Their maleness in fact has to be underwritten by preventing women from entering some field or performing some feat.\way in which the roles of men and women in society should be distinguished.
If talk and print are considered, it would seem that the formal emancipation of women is far from complete. There is a flow of publications about the continuing domestic bondage of women and about the complicated system of defences which men have thrown up around their hitherto accepted advantages, taking sometimes the obvious form of exclusion from types of occupation and sociable groupings, and sometimes the more subtle form of automatic doubt of the seriousness of women's pretensions to the level of intellect and resolution that men, it is supposed, bring to the business of running the world.
There are a good many objective pieces of evidence for the erosion of men's status. In the first place, there is the widespread postwar phenomenon of the woman Prime Minister, in India, Sri Lanka and Israel.
Secondly, there is the very large increase in the number of women who work, especially married women and mothers of children. More diffusely there are the increasingly numerous convergences between male and female behavior: the approximation to identical styles in dress and coiffure, the sharing of domestic tasks, and the admission of women to all sorts of hitherto exclusively male leisure-time activities.
Everyone carries round with him a fairly definite idea of the primitive or natural conditions of human life. It is acquired more by the study of humorous cartoons than of archaeology, but that does not matter since it is not significant as theory but only as an expression of inwardly felt expectations of people's sense of what is fundamentally proper in the differentiation between the roles of the two sexes. In this rudimentary natural society men go out to hunt and fish and to fight off the tribe next door while women keep the fire going. Amorous initiative is firmly reserved to the man, who sets about courtship with a club.
1. The phrase \A. are confident in their ability to charm women. B. take the initiative in courtship.
C. have a clear idea of what is considered \D. tend to be more immoral than women are.
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