兰州交通大学自考本科毕业论文
高 等 教 育 自 学 考 试
毕 业 论 文
机车轴箱销子橡胶圈定位工作原理分析
张万
专 业： 机车车辆
主考学校： 兰州交通大学 准考证号： 460112128607
指导教师姓名职称： 郭进龙 副教授
甘肃省高等教育自学考试办公室印制
年 月 日
车辆专业 本科论文 兰州交通大学自考本科毕业论文
机车轴箱销子橡胶圈定位工作原理分析
Working principle of the locomotive axle box
positioning pin rubber ring is analyzed
张万
Zhang Wan
兰州交通大学自考本科毕业论文
摘要
社会的进步和生产力的发展，推动着现代化交通运输业的飞速发展。轨道交通历史悠久，由于其自身的特点和优势，占据着地面交通的主导地位。
我国幅员辽阔，铁路运输是我国交通运输的主力，随着我国经济腾飞，铁路电气化事业突飞猛进，作为铁路运输牵引动力之一的电力机车从20世纪80年代之后得到了飞速的发展。电力机车具有功率大、速度快、能源洁净、对环境污染小的优点，特别适合铁路高速、重载的要求。
转向架是保障机车安全运行的关键部件之一，它对机车的安全性、舒适性、运行可靠性及降低对轨道的动作用力、减轻对环境的污染等有着极为重要的作用。它承受车体传来的各种动、静载荷，并传递牵引力、制动力，因此转向架必须有足够的强度，转向架要具有好的平稳性、稳定性和曲线通过性能，高的粘着利用率，可靠地牵引制动性能，并尽可能的满足标准化、简统化的要求。
轮对是电力机车机械走行部中最重要的部件之一。轮对的作用主要是：机车的全部静载荷通过轮对传递给钢轨；牵引电动机的转矩也通过轮对作用于钢轨而产生牵引力；通过轮对滚动使机车前进。当机车沿着轨道运行时，轮对还刚性地承受着来自钢轨接头、道岔以及路线不平处的全部垂直和水平面的作用力，同时轮对本身也将这些作用力刚性的作用到线路上。
在机车动轴两端轴颈上装有轴箱。轴箱定位应保证轴箱能够相对于转向架在弹簧振动时作垂向运动，在机车通过曲线时还能少量横移。轴箱可以将机车的质量传递给轮对，把全部簧上载荷传递给车轴，并将来自轮对的牵引力、制动力传递到构架上去。轴箱还要传递轮对与构架间的横向作用力。
轴箱与转向架构架间的连接方式对机车运行的运行品质有极大的影响。车在运行的过程中，轴箱相对于构架所产生的上网上下垂直位移和左右横向（沿车轴方向）位移，都是通过轴箱拉杆中橡胶元件的变形获得的。用轴箱拉杆来连接轴箱和转向架构架，是一种常采用的结构，对转向架构架而言，轴箱就是一个活动关节。
关键字：转向架；轮对；轴箱；轴箱拉杆;轴箱定位
论文类型：基础研究
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兰州交通大学自考本科毕业论文
Abstract
The progress of the society and the development of productive forces, promote the modernization of the rapid development of transportation industry.Rail transit has a long history, due to its own characteristics and advantages, surface transport, occupies the dominant position.
China's vast, railway transportation is the main transportation in our country, along with our country economic take-off, railway electrification undertaking by leaps and bounds, as one of railway traction electric locomotive got rapid development since the 1980 s after.Electric locomotive with large power, high speed, the advantages of clean energy, low pollution to the environment, especially suitable for the requirements of the high-speed, heavy-load.
Bogie is one of the key components to ensure the safety of locomotive running, it to safety, comfort, operation of the locomotive reliability and reduce the force the motion of the orbit, and reduce the pollution to the environment has a very important role.Its body came under a variety of dynamic and static load, and pass the traction and braking force, so the strength of the bogie must have enough, bogie to have good stability, stability and curve through performance, high utilization rate of adhesion, reliable braking performance, and as far as possible to meet the requirements of the standardization, Jane.
For the electric locomotive is machine direction of one of the most important parts.Round to the role of the main is: all locomotive static load by wheel to rail;The traction motor torque through the traction force produced by the wheel on the rail and also;Through wheel to scroll the locomotive to move forward.When the locomotive along the orbit round to rigid also suffered from the rail joint, switch and route all unevenness on the surface of the vertical and horizontal forces, at the same time there will be the role of these forces rigid wheel for on line.
In the locomotive axle box mounted on the shaft neck on both ends of the shaft.Axle box positioning should guarantee the axle box can be relative to the bogie is vertical movement, in time of spring vibration in the locomotive through curve as well as a small amount of transverse.Axle box could pass the quality of locomotive wheel, put all the spring load transfer to the axle, and transfer from the wheel of the traction and braking force to the frame.Wheel and frame of axle box to pass between the lateral forces.
The connection between the axle box and bogie frame for the operation of the locomotive operation quality has a great impact.In the process of running car, axle box relative to the architecture of Internet around the vertical displacement and horizontal displacement along the axle direction, by deformation of the rubber component in the axle
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