名师讲义 直通清华北大 名师讲义 直通清华北大
如：Post a letter for me, will you? Let?s have a break, shall we?
牛津高中英语－模块二
第一单元
一 现在完成时态
名师讲义
1．我们用现在完成时态来表示在最近的过去发生的但跟现在有联系的事情。
如：The disappearance of Justin has made Kelly very unhappy. 2．我们也用现在完成时态来表示在过去刚开始，并且现在还没结束的事情。
如：I have not seen Justin since last Friday night.
? 当动作发生的确切时间不清楚或不重要时，我们也用现在完成时态。经常连用的时间短 语有：already ever for just lately never recently since yet
already 用语肯定句，yet用语否定句。
如：The boy has already come home. I haven?t heard anything from him yet.
for+一段时间 since+点时间
如：We haven?t seen him for two years. We haven?t seen him since 2002.
注：当已给定具体的时间时，我们往往用一般过去时态，而不是现在完成时态。
? 我们用现在完成时态来谈论刚刚完成的动作。
如：The police have just finished searching the area. ? 我们也用现在完成时态来表示重复的动作。
如：Some villages say that they have seen UFOs many times. ? 现在完成时态的构成是：have/has+动词的过去分词 二 现在完成进行时态
1．我们用现在完成进行时态来表示在过去发生的并且仍将继续的动作。
如：I have not been sleeping well since I returned home.
名师讲义 直通清华北大 名师讲义 直通清华北大 名师讲义
2．我们用现在完成进行时态来表示刚刚结束但以某种方式和现在有联系的动作。
如：--- Sorry I?m late. Have you been waiting long? --- Yes, I?ve been waiting for an hour.
3．现在完成进行时态的构成：have/has +been +doing 注：for和since和现在完成进行时态连用。
如：I have been waiting for a long time. He has been waiting since nine o?clock. 三 现在完成时态还是现在完成进行时态
1．我们用现在完成时态来谈论刚刚完成的动作，用现在完成进行时态来表示发生在过去并且现在仍在发生的动作。
如：Li Jia has read a book about Stonehenge. (She finished reading the book.)
Li Jia has been reading a book about Stonehenge. (She is still reading the book.)
2．我们用现在完成时态表示重复的动作，用现在完成进行时态来表示不停的动作。
如：I have visited Egypt twice this month.
I have been touring Egypt for two months.
现在完成时态用于回答how many/much的提问，现在完成进行时态用语回答how long的提问。
如：How many times have you swum in the lake?
How long have you been swimming in the lake?
3．状态动词和动作动词都可以用在现在完成时态中，但只有动作动词可以用在现在完成进行时态中。
如：I have had this camera for five years. (状态动词)
I have taken photos of UFO with this camera. （动作动词） I have been taking photos of UFO with this camera. （动作动
词）
注：动作动词表示发生或变化的动作，如go，play。状态动词表示保持不变的动作，如like， know，exist
名师讲义 直通清华北大 名师讲义 直通清华北大 名师讲义
4．当 never，yet，already，ever出现在句子中时，只用现在完成时态，而不用现在完成进行时态。
如：I?ve never visited Paris.
I?ve already been to Paris.
第二单元
一 将来进行时态
1．我们用将来进行时态来：
1）谈论将来一段时间正在进行的事情。
如：Toby will be climbing in the Himalayas all next week 2）谈论从将来的某一点开始并且有可能要持续一段时间的事情。
如：Toby will not be in London next Tuesday. He will be climbing in the Himalayas.
3）没有任何意图的表达将来的事情。
如：The weather report says that it will be raining when we arrive in London.
在这种情况下表示事情是很自然的发生的，没有人为的安排。 4）礼貌地询问有关其他人将来的计划。
如：Will you be visiting your uncle in Tanzania? 2．将来进行时态的构成： 1）陈述句：will(not)+v-ing
如：Toby and his brother, Colin, will (not) be flying to Morocco. 2）疑问句：will 提到主语的前面
如：Will they be flying to Morocco on 15 July?
th
3）回答：will（not）
如：Yes, they will. /No, they will not(won?t) 二 过去将来时态
1．我们用过去将来时态和过去进行时态来： 1）表示过去的将来某一时间要发生的动作。
如：They set off at 9 a.m. and would reach the airport an hour later.
名师讲义 直通清华北大 名师讲义 直通清华北大 2) 暗指一个过去的目的。
如：I was going to leave, but then it rained. 3) 暗指一个过去的安排。
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如：Colin called Jennifer to say that he was seeing her later that afternoon.
4) 指代实际已经发生过的将来的动作。
如：The journey that was to change Toby?s life started in July that year.
2．陈述句中过去将来时态的构成： 1）would +动词原形
如：I told you Colin and I would spend a few weeks traveling. 2) was/were going to，was /were to , was/were about to
如：We were going to see the wild animals, but then we didn?t have time.
It was his last day at school---he was to leave the next
morning.
Colin was about to get off the camel when a child ran
towards him.
第三单元
一 过去完成时态
1．我们用一般过去时态来谈论一个过去的动作。当我们想要谈论比过去更早的时间里发生的事情时，就用过去完成时态。
如：Upon entering the tomb, Carter?s lucky pet bird, which had led him to the place, was eaten by a snake.
2．在直接引语中，我们用过去完成时态来指代说话的时候就已经发生的动作。直接引语中的一般过去时态和现在完成时态在间接引语中改为过去完成时态。
如：“We emptied the tomb of everything it contained,” said Carter.-------
Carter said that they had emptied the tomb of everything it
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