the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible. But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled European society in many ways, had a character that was distinctly American.
49)The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the fifteenth- and sixteenth-century explorations of North America. In the meantime, thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico, the West Indies, and South America. These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft. During their six- to twelve-week voyage, they subsisted on meager rations. Many of the ships were lost in storms, many passengers died of disease, and infants rarely survived the journey. Sometimes tempests blew the vessels far off their course, and often calm brought interminable delay.
To the anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible relief. Said one chronicler, \The colonists' first glimpse of the new land was a vista of dense woods. 50) The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia. Here was abundant fuel and lumber. Here was the raw material of houses and furniture, ships and potash, dyes and naval stores. 文章来源于An Outline of American History，《美国历史纲要》，是一本历史学方面的专着。 46) This movement, driven by powerful motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.
【句子结构】本句的主干为：this movement built a nation and shaped the character and destiny。driven by powerful motivations为过去分词做状语，分隔了主谓。out of a wilderness和by its nature为介词短语做状语，分别修饰built和shaped。
【参考译文】受到多种强大的动机驱动，这次移民在一片荒野上建起了一个国家，由于其本质，它也塑造了一个未知大陆的性格和命运。
47) The United States is the product of two principal forces--the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits. 【句子结构】本句主干为The United States is the product。破折号之后the immigration and the impact为two principal forces。of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics为the immigration的定语，of a new country为the impact的定语，之后which引导定语从句，修饰a new country。
【参考译文】美国产生于两个主要力量：思想习俗、民族特色各异的欧洲移民，以及改造这些特征的新国家所产生的影响。
48 But the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes.
【句子结构】本句的主干为But the force, the interplay and the sheer difficulty caused changes。本句主语较长，为并列的三个名词the force, the interplay and the sheer difficulty，之后又分别有较长的定语修饰：介词短语of geographic conditions为the force的定语，之后peculiar to America为形容词短语修饰geographic conditions；介词短语of the varied national groups和upon one another同时修饰the interplay；of maintaining old-world ways 和in a raw, new continent同时修饰the sheer difficulty。
【参考译文】但是，美国拥有独特的地理条件，不同民族之间产生了相互的作用，因此，在一片原始新大陆上，维护旧大陆方式产生了纯粹的困难，这一切引发了重大的变化。 49 The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the fifteenth- and sixteenth-century explorations of North America.
【句子结构】本句的主干为The first shiploads of immigrants crossed the Atlantic。bound for the territory为immigrants的定语，之后which引导定语从句修饰the territory。 more than a hundred years after the fifteenth- and sixteenth-century explorations of North America为状语。 【参考译文】在15-16世纪北美探索的一百多年之后，运往如今的美国这片新领土的第一船移民横渡了大西洋。
50 The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia.
【句子结构】本句主干为The virgin forest was a real treasure-house。主语之后with its richness and variety of trees为其定语，表语a real treasure-house后是which引导的定语从句对其进行修饰。
【参考译文】拥有丰富多样树种的原始森林是一个真正的宝库，它从缅因州一直延伸到乔治亚州。
Section III Writing Part A Directions:
You are going to hold a club reading session. Write an email of about 100 words recommending a book to the club members.
You should state reasons for your recommendation.
You should write neatly on the ANWSER SHEET. Do not sign you own name at the end of the letter, use \ Dear friends，
I am writing to tell you about a fantastic book I have just read, as we always share the same taste of books.
The book is called Journey to the West, which tells us a story that four monks conquered multiple handicaps to achieve their final destination. Besides the touching and thrilling plot, the book also features humorous languages, thanks to the talented author.
So I recommend it to all of you as one of the favorite books that I have ever read. I am sure you will love it as much as I do. I am looking forward to discussing more with you after you read it.
Yours sincerely,
o Li Ming
今年英语一的小作文不出预料，再一次考查到了推荐信。在英语一的考试当中，推荐信已经考查过1年。例如我们英语一在2011年就考查过向你的朋友推荐一部电影。具体题目要求如下Directions:
Write a letter to a friend of yours to
1) recommend one of your favorite movies and 2) give reasons for your recommendation.
因此，考生不用惊慌只要把2011年的小作文稍作修改即可成文。这就启发我们2016
届的同学们要高度重视历年真题，因为考过的话题或是书信类型会反复考查。今年考题的Direction要求向读书俱乐部的成员推荐一本书。根据题目的要求，我们可以判断本文为公务信函，语域为正式语域，即不能出现缩写、省略问句和和口语表达。 下面我们来详细解读下今年的小作文，首先看一下题目要求： Directions:
you are going to hold a club reading session. Write an email of about 100 words recommending a book to the club members.
You should state reasons for your recommendation.
You should write neatly on the ANWSER SHEET. Do not sign you own name at the end of the letter, use \
称呼： Dear friends注意称呼中，后面的逗号不可丢，也不能写成冒号。 正文
第一段：写作内容需涵盖两点：写信目的，表明推荐；用到了这样的表达I am writing to tell you about a fantastic book I have just read, as we always share the same taste of books. 第二段： 写作内容为推荐原因。首先，告知大家推荐的书名是什么；再次，具体阐明推荐的具体原因。用到了这样的表达：The book is called Journey to the West, which tells us a story that four monks conquered multiple handicaps to achieve their final destination. Besides the touching and thrilling plot, the book also features humorous languages, thanks to the talented author.
第三段：再次强调写信目的。
落款： Yours sincerely, 特别提醒sincerely后面逗号不能丢；签名： Li Ming特别注意 Ming 后面一定不能出现句点。
Part B Directions:
Write an essay of 160—200 words based on the following your essay, you should 1. describe the pictures briefly,
2. interpret its intended meaning, and 3. give your comments.
You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET . (20 points)
【范文】
What is symbolically depicted in the caricatures carries sharp contrast implications. In the first drawing, a father is watching a football match on the sofa. Meanwhile, he is supervising his son to finish homework. It is obvious that his son wears frowned expression on his face. On the contrary, the second portrayal depicts a father is working earnestly besides his son, and his son is doing his own assignment without prodding.
The drawer demonstrates that utmost significance should be attached to the phenomenon that setting proper examples has exerted great impact on the growth of the younger generation in China. Previously, it is widely acknowledged that parents are under obligation to help their kids form a set of appropriate values about the world and the life, which carries overwhelmingly precious connotation to the sound development on the younger generation. Simultaneously, there is no denying that the most rational method for adults to educate adolescents is to set them good examples rather than making perpetual requirements, which is less persuasive
compared with the actions.
Accordingly, it is vital for us to derive positive implication from the drawings. On the one hand, we can frequently use them to enlighten parents to be more advisable in educating their children. On the other hand, parents should attach more emphasis on setting excellent models for their juveniles. Only in this way, can we effectively ensure a promising prospect for adolescents.
面，我们要指出手机的弊端，给我们生活带来了很多负面影响。第三段评论段的写作内容为给出自己的评论和建议。可以指出年轻人应该重视面对面的交流！最后一句可以展望一下未来，说如果我们放下手机拿起筷子享受美食，和谐的关系就会出现了！
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