2017年人教版初中英语八年级英语全套课本同步重难点精讲
Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum?
Section A
1.— Have you ever been to a science museum?（P65）你曾经去过科学博物馆吗？ — Yes，I have. 是的，去过。
【解析1】ever 曾经 (用于现在完成时。ever用于疑问句、否定句)
—Have you ever seen the film? — No, never.
(现在完成时二：表示曾经的经历或从未有过的经历或做过某事，常用ever 和never，多用于疑问句或否定句中）
【解析2】have/has been to / have / has gone to / have/ has been in 辨析： ⑴ have/ has been to + 地名 “曾经去过某地” , 现在已经回到原地。 He has been to England twice．他曾经去过英国两次。(现在已经不在英国了) Have you ever been to the Great Wall？你到过长城吗?（现在已经不在长城上） ⑵ have gone to + 地名“已经去某地了” ， 说话时该人不在现场。 He has gone to England。他已去英国了。
(已经不在说话的地方，到达英国或者在去英国的路上) ( ) Mary isn’t here. She has ____ the shop.
A. been to B. went to C. gone to D. /
【2013江苏中考1】A number of tourists ____ Yangzhou many times because it is such a beautiful
city.
A. have been to B. has been to C. has gone to D. have gone to ⑶ have been in +地点 待在某地，常与时间段搭配。
I have been in Shanghai for three years.
2. Me neither 我也没有。（P65）（neither have I. /I haven`t, either.） 【解析1】在英语中，表示“也”的知识归纳如下： 主语 + neither
A. 否定句中的“也” neither +助动词/be + 主语
完整的否定句后加either，但要加逗号隔开。
— He didn’t go to school. 他没有去上学。 —Me neither. Neither did I
I didn’t go to school , either.
主语 + too
B.肯定句中的“也” so +助动词/be+ 主语
完整的肯定句后加too，且要用逗号隔开。
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— He is a good student. — Me too. So am I
I’m a good student, too.
【2012山东枣庄】— Peter has never been to a water park. — _____.
A. I haven’t neither B. I haven’t too C. Me too D. Me neither
【解析2】neither的用法：
1）neither adj. 后接单数名词，表示“两者都不”，作主语时，句子的谓语要用单数。 eg: Neither answer is right. 两个答案都不对。
2）neither pron. 与of连用，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Neither of us has been to Beijing. 3）neither adv. 用于倒装句中。Me neither.= Neither do I. 4）neither conj. 常与nor构成短语neither.....nor..... “既不……也不……” ,连接两个并列成分，当它连接两个主语时，取就近原则。
eg: Neither my parents nor I am a teacher.
3. Let’s go to one tomorrow. （P65）咱们明天去一个看看吧！
【解析1】⑴ Let’s 中的us 包括对方，表示揣对方提建议。反意疑问句用 shall we
Let’s go and listen to the music, ____________?
⑵ Let us 不包括对方, 具有请求允许的意味。反意疑问句用will you Let us go home. ___________?
⑶ Let sb. do sth 让某人做某事 （sb.应用人称代词的宾格形式）
【解析】one,that,it
⑴ one意为“一个人或物”，代替前面提到过的人或同类事物中的一个。one代替单数，复数用ones That boy is my brother. Which one?
The one on a bike.
⑵ that 与所指名词同类，但不是同一个；可上文提到的事情，也可代替不可数名词。 The population of China is much larger than that of America. ⑶ it用于指代前面提到过的名词，即同名同物。 Do you like the game? Yes, I like it.
巧记one,that,it的区别：同名同物it替，可不可数两相宜；同类事物用one(s)，单用one 来复用ones；that同类物相异，不可数也可以。
4. Let’s go somewhere different today. (P65)咱们今天去个不同的地方吧。 【解析】形容词修饰不定代词/副词,放在不定代词之后。
【注】somewhere adv. 在某处，在某地。表达地点时， 前面不用介词。常 用于肯定句中。否定句或疑问句注anywhere.
He just lives somewhere in the city.他就住在这个城市的某个地方。
【2012江苏连云港2】—Have you bought _____ for Linda’s birthday?
—Not exactly. Just some flowers,
A. something unusual B. anything unusual C. unusual something D. unusual anything
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【2013绥化3】 — How do you like the talk show?
— I think it’s ________, but some people think it’s so________. A. wonderful enough; bored B. enough wonderful; boring C. wonderful enough; boring
【拓展】不定副词：somewhere , anywhere, nowhere 在某处 用在肯定句中 somewhere 无论何处 用在否定句或疑问句中 anywhere 在什么地方都不 否定词，=not…anywhere nowhere 各处，到处 everywhere =here and there 【用法】：不定副词被定语修饰时，定语必须放在其后 somewhere warm 暖和的地方
( ) ①I don’t want to go ______.
A. somewhere cold B. cold somewhere C. anywhere cold D. cold anywhere
( )② — Do you have your summer plan, Bill?
— Well, I want to go ______ to relax with my family.
A. interesting somewhere B. nowhere interesting C. somewhere interesting 【2012凉山3】— Where would you like to go on vacation, Lily? — It’s hot here. I’d like to go ____.
A. Anywhere cool B.cool somewhere C.somewhere cool
5. They are going to take the subway. 他们打算乘地铁。 【解析】 take (took , taken) v 乘， 坐， 搭（车，船）
take the/a +交通工具+to +地点“乘坐……” (放于句中) 动词短语在句中做谓语 take the subway 乘地铁 take the train 乘火车 take the bus 乘公共汽车 take the taxi 打的 ( ) My mother usually _____ the train to work.
A. by B. goes C. rides D. takes
6. It’s really interesting, isn’t it?（P66） 它确实很有趣，是吗？ 【反意疑问句】
一、定义：即附加疑问句。表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。 二、结构： 陈述句 + 附加疑问句？ It’s hot today ,isn’t it ? 三、原则： 1.前肯后否，前否后肯
2.前名后代 3.时态一致 They work hard, don’t they?
注：1)当前面的陈述句中有否定词few, little,never,no, nobody, hardly,seldom等词时，疑问部分应用肯定形式。
He can hardly swim, can he?
2)以let`s开头的反意疑问句，反意疑问部分用shall we;以 let us 开头的反意疑问部分用will you Let`s go and play football, shall we? Let us have a rest, will you?
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四、做题方法 （一）找动词
（1）如果句中有助动词、情态动词、be动词，反意疑问句中也相应的用助动词、情态动词、be动词。 He is a student ,_____________?
(2) 如果句中没有助动词、情态动词、be动词，只有实义动词时，就要借助助动词。 She often get up at 6:30 every morning,___________? (二) 判断句子是肯定还是否定，“前肯后否，前否后肯”
The students have planted many trees,_________? (三) 反意疑问句的主语必须转换成人称代词主格。
The boy can’t swim,___________?
【2013温州1】 —It’s Father’s Day, ? —Yes. Let’s buy a gift for Dad.
A. isn’t it B. doesn’t it C. isn’t he D. doesn’t he 【2013永州1】Your school is very beautiful, __________?
A.isn’t it B.is it C.is your school
【2013益阳3】—Jim had nothing for breakfast this morning, _______? —______. He got up too late.
A. had she; Yes B. hadn’t he; Yes C. did he; No
7. I learned about the inventions that led to color movies, too.(P66) 我还了解了一些发明，它们成就了彩色电影。
【解析1】这是一个含有定语从句的复合句，that led to color movies是一个由that引导的定语从句，修饰前面的先行词inventions. That在定语从句中作主语不能省。 【解析2】invent v. 发明→inventor n. 发明家→ invention n. 发明
【记】Edison , a great _____________, __________over 1’000__________ all his life.(invent)
①. I think the light bulb is one of the most important__________(invent) ②.The car ___________(invent) in 1885. invent 发明 指事物从无到有（客观上没有） 强调事物本身存在，只不过从“未知”到“已知”（客观上以前存在） Gibert ____________electricity, but Edison ___________ the electric light bulb. 吉尔贝特发现了电，而爱迪生发明了电灯泡。 ( ) ①Bell ________the telephone in 1876. ( ) ② Columbus ____America in 1492.
A. invent B. discover C. invented D. discovered
【2012昭通】The light bulb is one of the most useful _____________(invent) in the world.
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discover 发现
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