深圳高级中学2018~2019学年第一学期期末考试
高二英语
命题人：李响 审题人：吴利沙，马立岩
本试卷共 10 页，满分 150 分（高考能力：95分，课本基础：55分）。考试用时 120 分钟。 注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用铅笔在答题卡的相应位置填涂考生号。因听力另考，试卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案信息点涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。写在本试卷上无效。
3.回答非选择题时，必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
InternationalAirport Sheremetyevo Moscow If You’ve Lost Personal Belongings ? On Board
--Contact the airline’s representatives --Contact:
+7(495)578-22-55
? At the Airport
-- Sheremetyevo Police Department ……………………………………
--Unclaimed luggage storage room in Terminal C …………………………………… +7(495)578-23-26 --Umclaimed luggage storage room in Terminal D …………………………………… +7(499)500-65-52
(domestic flights) (international flights)
+7(495)753-86-41
When collecting Lost and Found items, you shall have an identification document, a boarding pass or a ticket, and also to indicate a place where the items were lost and prove they are yours.
If Your Luggage Is Lost or Damaged
Before leaving the arrival area, please turn to the Lost and Found counter to file a
report. The written claim shall be submitted to the airline company not later than seven days from the time when the luggage was to be collected.
If your luggage is not found within twenty-one days of the time when the claim was filed, you have the right to claim damages in the amount of not more than 600 rubles per kilogram. Amount refunded (退款) for a hand luggage lost through the fault of an airline is not more than 11,000 rubles regardless of its weight. Amount refunded for damaged luggage is calculated based on the same tariffs (关税).
Keep your flight documents (a ticket, boarding pass, luggage tag, and delayed luggage report filed at the airport) until the end of the procedure for searching for your luggage.
Current information on luggage-tracing results
…………………………………… +7(495)578-76-65
Lost and Found service of Aeroflot Airlines
…………………………………… +7(495)544-33-25
(from 9:00 to 20:00) +7(495)753-86-41 (24 hours)
For further information please contact the airline.
1. What should you do if you find your personal possessions lost on board an airplane?
A. Submit a claim to the company. B. Go to the Lost and Found counter. C. Contact the airline’s representatives.
D. Contact the unclaimed luggage storage room.
2. How much money can you claim if your 20-kilogram hand luggage is lost?
A. 600 rubles.
B. 11,000 rubles at most. D. 12,000 rubles at most.
C. 12,000 rubles at least. found?
A. 7(495)578-76-65 C. 7(499)500-65-52
B
It is hard to imagine that such a small country, the size of Indiana with the population of Alaska, tucked in the Himalaya Mountains, accessible only by two airplanes, is the “Happiest Country’’ in the world and has one of the fastest growing
3. Which number will you probably dial to see whether your lost luggage has been
B. 7(495)544-33-25 D. 7(495)753-86-41
GDP’S in the world. This country is Bhutan, “Land of the Thunder Dragon”, which is located in South Asia and is encompassed by India, China, and Nepal. Bhutan is the last standing Buddhist Kingdom in the World and, until recently, has preserved much of their culture since the l7th century by avoiding globalization and staying isolated from the world. Internet, television, and western dress were banned from the country up until ten years ago. Over the past ten years globalization has begun to change in Bhutan, but things remain perfectly balanced.
Bhutan is the only country in the world that has a ‘GNH’, which refers to “Gross National Happiness.’’The process of measuring GNH began when Bhutan opened up to globalization. It measures people’s quality of life, and makes sure that “material and spiritual development happen together.”Bhutan has done an amazing job of finding this balance. Bhutan has continually been ranked as the happiest country in all of Asia, and the eighth Happiest Country in the world according to Business Week. In 2007, Bhutan had the second fastest growing GDP in the world, at the same time as maintaining their environment and cultural identity.
In 2008,in Bhutan’s first democratic election,28-year-old Jigme KhesarNamgyel Wang Chuck was elected president of Bhutan. He promises to “maintain a stance (立场)of protection against the worst aspects of globalization, maintaining the ‘Gross National Happiness’.”But Jigme himself is no stranger to globalization. He attended high school at Phillips Academy and university at Wheaton College and then graduated from Oxford.
4. The underlined word “encompassed’’ in the first paragraph most probably means __________ .
A. covered
B. surrounded
C. separated
D. guarded
5. Why is Bhutan regarded as “the happiest country”?
A. Because it changes its policy and begins to open up. B. Because it uses “GNH” to measure its achievement. C. Because it stresses both material and spiritual development. D. Because it has the second fastest growing GDP in the world. 6. What Can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. The election in Bhutan is far from satisfactory. B. Globalization has influenced Bhutan’s religion.
C. Jigme’s educational background will cause distrust. D. People in Bhutan will continue living a happy life. 7. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
C
Turning the lights out or wearing a blindfold while eating could be a quick way to lose weight, according to scientists. The simple trick works because it stops diners eating for pleasure rather than for calories. It also triggers (引发) a part of the brain that is worried that unseen food may go bad.
An experiment by the University of Konstanz, in Germany, found that people who were blindfolded consumed nine percent fewer calories before they felt full, compared to those who could see. They also vastly overestimated how much they had eaten because they could not see how much was left on the plate. Blindfolded volunteers estimated they had eaten 88 percent more than they actually had.
Scientists believe that not seeing food on the table also allows the body to know when it is full in real time rather than remembering past experiences where it might have taken a full plate to feel full.
In the experiment, 50 people were blindfolded and 40 were allowed to see their food. All were told not to eat within two hours of the experiment. They were then given three 95g bowls of chocolate ice-cream and invited to eat for 15 minutes. Their bowls were taken away and the remaining ice-cream weighed, while the participants were quizzed on how much they thought they had eaten.
On average the group who could see ate 116g while the blindfolded groups ate 105g. However, the blindfolded group believed they had eaten 197g while compared with 159g for the non-blind volunteers. They were also asked how pleasant the ice-cream tasted and the blindfolded group rated lower than those who could see.
“The experienced pleasure of eating was significantly lower in the blindfolded group. Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite. Sight plays an important role in the eating experience and in the overall dining experience.”
Previous studies have shown that the visual influence of food plays a large part in the taste. While restaurants that allow diners to eat in the dark state that it triggers other senses, in fact eating in darkness is likely to taste far milder than usual. 8. With the lights out, diners eat less partly because_____________. A. they want to quickly finish their meals B. they trust their feelings more than ever
C. they focus more on fun than the calories D. they worry about the quality of the food
9. We can learn from the passage that the blindfolded group _____________.
A. spent a much longer time eating the same food
B. believed they ate more than they really did C. depended on past experiences to feel full D. thought the food tasted better than usual
10. The last two paragraphs tell us that_____________.
A. diners are likely to lose their appetite eating in darkness B. senses rather than sight play an important role in the taste C. findings of this experiment differ from the previous studies D. restaurants benefit a lot from allowing diners to eat in the dark 11. The main purpose of the passage is to _______________.
A. provide statistics related to eating in the dark
B. offer reasons for people to eat in the dark areas C. inform the readers of the result of an experiment D. persuade the readers to lose weight in a new way
D
Why do we laugh and get amusement from so many different things, from puns (双关语) to pratfalls? Why are some things funny to some people and not to others? How is that while a successful joke can cause pleasure, a sick one can cause serious harm?
Over the centuries, various scholars have attempted to produce a universally agreed-upon theory of humor. Plato and Aristotle introduced the superiority(优越感) theory, the idea that people laugh at the misfortune of others. Their theory seems to explain teasing, but it doesn’t work well for knock-knock jokes. Sigmund Freud argued for his relief theory, the concept that humor is a way for people to release psychological tension and reveal their inner fears and desires. His theory works well for dirty jokes, less well for most puns.
The majority of humor expels today agree with the incongruity theory, the idea that humor arises when there’s a gap between what people expect to happen and what actually happens. Incongruity has a lot going for it — jokes with unexpected funny lines, for example, fit well. But scientists have found that in comedy, unexpectedness is overvalued.
With the goal of developing a new, more satisfactory explanation, I produced “the gentle violation(违背)theory”, the idea that humor arises when something seems wrong or threatening, but is actually OK or safe. A dirty joke, for example, trades on moral or social violations, but it’s only going to get a laugh if the person listening is open enough to consider the subject OK to talk about. Similarly, puns can be seen as linguistic violations that still make grammatical sense.
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