29.have a lovely time玩得很开心 30.go on school trips进行校游 31.at first起初,首先
32.have an hour,of homework有一个小时的作业 33.at lunchtime在午饭时间 34.do some reading阅读 35.have fun玩得开心 三、重点句子及点拨
1. Why don't dogs go to school? =Why not; go to school? 为什么狗不去上学? 这是个提建议的句型,类似的还有:Shall we…? What about...? Let's do….Would you like to do…?
对建议的回答常有:Good idea! Why not? Great!I'd like to.等。
2. What's school like? =What does school look like? 学校是什么样的? What's…like?的用法:
(1)用于询问人的情况时,既可指人的外表,也可指人的性格、品质等。如: -What is his brother like? 他弟弟是怎样一个人?
-He is very kind and warm-hearted.他很友好,是个热心肠。 (2)对想了解的事物进行描述。如:
-What was the football game like? 足球比赛怎么样? -It was great. We won the game.棒极了。我们赢了。
3. It's like watching TV, but there are fewer advertisements.它就像看电视,但是广告更少。 (1)此句中的like是介词,其反义词是unlike(不像),后可接名词、代词或动名词作其宾语。如:
His new hat is like a cat on the chair. 他的新帽子像一只猫在椅子上。
(2) few,a few,little,a little的用法:
①few,a few修饰可数名词的复数形式;little,a little修饰不可数名词,表示“数量”。注意little还有“小”之意,此时可修饰可数名词。如: There is a little water in the glass. 杯子里有一点点水。
My little cat is gone.我的小猫不见了。
②a few,a little表示肯定意义,few,little表示否定意义。如: I have few friends in the new school. 在新学校里我几乎没有朋友。
There is little milk in the bottle, is there? 瓶子里没有牛奶了,不是吗?
③当few受every, last, past9 next, some, very等词所修饰时,表示肯定意义,few之前不再有冠词。如:
It took us some few days to repair the machine.
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修这个机器花了我们几天的时间。
4. Do you have any plans for the weekend? 你周末有什么计划吗? plan作名词,意为“计划”,是可数名词;作动词,意为“计划”,后接名词或动词不定式作宾语。如:
We must make a study plan for this summer. 我们必须为这个暑期制定一个学习计划。 They are planning to go on a school trip. 他们正在计划一次校游。
5.Learning foreign languages is fun.学外语是有趣的。
此句中的主语是一个动名词短语。作主语时,不能用动词原形。动名词一般是在动词后加ing,它有动词的性质,能带自己的宾语、状语等,如果带上宾语、状语等,就为动名词短语。动名词短语在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、状语、定语等。一个动名词短语作主语时看作单数,故谓语动词用单数;若两个动名词短语作主语,则看作复数。如: Swimming and running are good for our health. 游泳和跑步对我们的健康有益。
There are many children playing on the playground.操场上有许多孩子在玩。
6. During the week, we can borrow more books from the school library.在这(阅读)周里,我们能够从学校图书馆借更多的书来读。during意为“在……期间”,强调的是过程。如: Where will you go during the summer? 在这个夏天你将去哪?
7. Near the end of the week, we discuss the books with our classmates in class.在这(阅读)周快结束的时候,我们在课堂上与同班同学一起讨论这些书。 near the end of意为“在……快结束的时候”;at the end (of)意为“在(……的)末端”;in the end =at last意为“最后,终于”。如: In the end she married a singer. 最后她嫁给了一个歌手。
At the end of the road he found the post office.在,路的尽头,他找到了邮局。
8. Time seems to go faster when we are reading interesting books.当我们读有趣的书时,时间似乎走得更快。
seem作连系动词,意为“似乎;好像”。其用法如下: (1)“主语+seem+不定式”,此句型中的seem与不定式一起构成复合谓语。如: The young man seemed to change a lot. 这个年轻人看起来变化很大。 (2)“主语+seem +(to be)+表语”,表语多为名词或形容词,有时是其他的词或短语,以说明主语的特征或状态。如:
Mr Black seemed to be quite happy. 布莱克先生好像十分快乐。 (3)“It seems+ that从句”,其中it是形式主语,that引导主语从句。如:
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It seems that Millie is very happy. 米莉似乎很开心。
9. He often listens carefully to my problems and offers me help.他总是认真倾听我的问题并主动给予我帮助。 offer有“(主动)拿给,给予”的意思,相当于give,后可接名词或代词作宾语,也可接双宾语,即offer sb.sth.=offer sth.to sb.,也可后接动词不定式作宾语,表示“主动提出做某事”。如:
Lei Feng often offered others help. 雷锋总是主动帮助他人。
He offered to carry the bag for me. 他主动替我拎袋子。
10.Our team won two games last month.上个月我们的队赢了两场比赛。 win意为“赢,获胜”。可作不及物动词或及物动词,后接比赛、荣誉称号、奖项等作宾语,不能接比赛的对象。它的名词形式是winner(获胜者,冠军)。如: He won a big prize in the competition. 他在竞赛中获得了一个大奖。
11. I read an article by a boy from the USA. 我读了一篇由一名美国男孩写的文章。 by意为“被,由”,多用于被动语态中,引出动作的执行者。
12. She draws better than any other student in my class.她画画比我班其他任何一个学生都好。 any other+单数名词=the other+复数名词。此结构用于在同一比较范围,如果比较的两个对象不在同一范围,则无需加other。如:
Jim jumps higher than any other student in his class. =Jim jumps higher than the other students in his class.=Nobody else jumps higher than Jim in his class.在他班级里,吉姆跳得比其他学生都高。
Shanghai is bigger than any city in Africa. 上海比非洲的任一个城市都大。
13. Chinese students have more/fewer weeks off. 中国学生有更多/更少周的假期。
have…off意为“有……的假期,休……时间的假”。off作副词,意为“离开,在远方;分离,中断;不工作”,作介词,意为“从……离开,脱离”。如: I will have two days off next week. 下周我要休假两天。
14. British students spend more/less time doing homework than Chinese students.英国学生比中国学生花更多/更少的时间做家庭作业。 spend意为“花费;度过”。后接时间名词或钱作宾语,多用于句型:spend…on/(in) doing sth.花时间/钱做某事。如:
Most girls spend their pocket money on their clothes. 大多数女孩子把零花钱用在她们的衣服上。
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I spent two hours finishing the work. 我花了两个小时完成了这项工作。
Where will you spend your summer holiday? 你将去哪儿度过你的暑假?
15. I also keep writing in English about my daily life.我也不断用英语写写我日常生活中的事。keep可作连系动词,后接形容词作表语;也可作行为动词,后接动名词、代词、名词作宾语,也可接形容词或动名词作宾语补足语。如: I don't know how to keep healthy. 我不知道如何保持健康。
The baby kept(on) crying the whole afternoon. 整个下午,婴儿哭个不停。
We must keep our classroom clean every day. 我们必须每天保持教室干净。
16. When do you finish school? 你什么时候放学?finish意为“完成,结束”。是及物动词,后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语,不能接动词不定式。如: When can you finish the homework? 你什么时候能完成家庭作业?
I finished reading the book in two days. 我在两天内看完了这本书。 四、语法
(一)用more…than,fewer …than和less…than结构比较两个事物的数量,用the most,the least,the fewest比较两个以上事物的数量。
1.比较级more…than,fewer…than用于比较可数名词的数量,more. …than,less…than用于比较不可数名词的数量。如: Nancy has more free time than John. 南希比约翰有更多空闲时间。
John studies more subjects than Nancy. 约翰学习的科目比南希多。 Nancy joins fewer clubs than I. 南希参加的俱乐部比我少。
British students spend less time doing homework than Chinese students. 英国学生做家庭作业花的时间比中国学生要少。
2.最高级the most,the least用于不可数名词数量的比较,the most,the fewest用于可数名词的比较。如:
Daniel has the most money.丹尼尔有的钱最多。 My school has the fewest classrooms. 我的学校有的教室最少。
Kitty has the least money.基帝有的钱最少。 (二)副词的比较等级
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