住宅小区电气设计解决方案

大连理工大学网络教育学院

本 科 生 毕 业 论 文（设 计）

原创

题 目： 住宅小区电气设计解决方案

学习中心：奥鹏远程教育南京学习中心（直属） 层 次： 专科起点本科 专 业： 电气工程及其自动化 年 级： 09 年 春 季 学 号： 091327309176 学 生： 指导教师：

完成日期： 2011 年 03 月 24 日

住宅小区电气设计解决方案

内容摘要

本设计以国家相关规范为准则，以安全用电、节约能源为指导，着眼于提高广大人民的物质、文化生活，体现小康社会物质的富有和生活的幸福，应用现代电气技术，完成了小区商住楼的配电、动力、照明、接地防雷。

在配电设计中，根据负荷等级，确定供电方式及系统方案；设计中采用放射式接线，保证了供电的可靠性；运用需要系统法进行计算负荷，按照规定选择保护电器、电线电缆，达到安全用电和节约能源的目的。在照明系统设计中，本着节能的原则，选择荧光灯为光源，通过照度计算，确定最佳光源数，为人们创造了舒适、明亮的生活、休闲环境；插座安装的设计避免了拖线板的滥用，满足了增加用电设备的需求，提高了用电的安全性。通过扁钢与地基钢筋结构相接，防雷、接地公共接地体，既保障了接地安全，又节约了接地设备。

关键词：商住楼；电气设计；配电；照明；接地防雷

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住宅小区电气设计解决方案

目 录

内容摘要 ·························································································································· 1 1

绪论 ··························································································································· 3 1.1 住宅小区电气化的发展趋势与现状 ····························································· 3 1.2 住宅小区电气设计的研究背景 ····································································· 3 1.3 本次论文的设计内容 ····················································································· 4 2 建筑电气设计的主要内容 ························································································ 5

2.1 供配电系统设计 ····························································································· 5 2.2 照明系统设计 ································································································· 7 2.3 接地与防雷设计 ··························································································· 10 2.4 火灾自动报警联防设计 ··············································································· 12 2.5 弱电系统设计 ······························································································· 14 3 住宅小区供配电系统的设计 ·················································································· 16

3.1 小区负荷等级的确定 ··················································································· 16 3.2 低压配电系统 ······························································································· 18 3.3 变电所高、低压线路的选择 ······································································· 22 3.4 变电所继电保护设计 ··················································································· 23 3.5 分户配电设计 ······························································································· 26 3.6 楼层配电设计 ······························································································· 27 3.7 进户配电箱设计 ··························································································· 29 4 照明系统设计 ········································································································ 31

4.1 照明方式 ······································································································· 31 4.2 照明种类 ······································································································· 31 4.3 照明灯具的选择原则 ··················································································· 31 4.4 建筑应急照明 ······························································································· 32 4.5 建筑照明设计 ······························································································· 32 5 结论 ·························································································································· 38 参考文献 ························································································································ 39

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住宅小区电气设计解决方案

1 绪论

1.1 住宅小区电气化的发展趋势与现状

目前， “绿色”、“环保”等名词越来越多的见诸于报端，相对于住宅建筑来说“绿色健康小区”越来越受到人们的关注。随着近几年房地产市场的发展，业主对于住房已经不再仅仅满足于能够“遮风挡雨”这一基本要求，就像满足温饱以后会自然而然要向满足其他的更高要求的目标而奋斗一样，而对于住房考虑更多的是其舒适度、绿化与周边配套设施等等。

当然方便、安全、高效的小区配套倍受青睐，提到这里就会想到目前的新名词“电气化小区”， 什么是电气化小区 按照国家规定，电气化小区有如下特点：

第一，炊事完全实现电气化； 第二，建立集中供热系统；

第三，房间温度调节采用环保节能型系统； 第四，用电按建筑面积每平米不小于100瓦；

第五，信息传输以高速宽带数据网为主干网，物业管理配置局域网，实现智能化。

电气化小区的基本定义为： 1、建筑面积在3万平方米以上，有完善的物业管理系统； 2、以电能方式采暖、制冷； 3、居民家庭用能电气化: 1) 居民家庭用电能替代其他能源； 2) 居民家庭用电容量标准不低于10千瓦，月均用电量大于200千瓦时； 3) 厨房电气化。厨房使用电炊具如电热水壶、电饭锅、电炒勺、微波炉、电磁炉等厨房电器设备。用电冰箱、冰柜存储或冷冻食品。 4、居民现代化家用电器。

1.2 住宅小区电气设计的研究背景

合理利用能源、减少环境污染、保持生态平衡，已成为发展经济必须考虑的首要问题。在全国第四次环境保护会议上，国务院重申了《关于环境保护若干问题的决定》，修订了《大气污染防治法》，把保护环境以法律条文的形式固定下来，为电气化小区的建立提供了政策支持。 电气化小区应用洁净、节能、高效、安全的电采暖代替中小型燃煤、燃油、燃气锅炉，这是减少大气污染，优化能源结构、改善环境的有效手段。在采暖方式上，大型的燃煤、燃油锅炉喷出的烟雾造成大气污染且不说，煤、油乃不可生资源，对不可生资源的大肆采掘势必造成生态环境的严重破坏。

人民的生活要遵循自然科学的规律实现可持续发展，而不是为了实现经济的

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