知识讲解 考点1 1. permission n. 准许/批准 （不可数名词） Jim took the laptop without ____________________. 杰姆未经同意擅自拿走了手提电脑。 拓展：____________ v. 允许；准许；使有可能 ask permission to do sth 征得同意做某事 ask permission 报请批准 permit sb to do 允许某人做…… 2. raise vt. 筹募、增加、提高 raise money for … 为……筹钱 They are raising money for the people who lost homes in the earthquake. 他们正在为那些在地震中失去家园的人筹钱。 3.sick和ill的区别 sick 作表语 生病的，恶心的 作定语 生病的 ill 作表语 生病的 作定语 坏的，邪恶的 4. offer 主动提出 offer sb sth = offer sth to sb 给某人提供某物 She ________ some ________ on keeping fit. 她提出了一些有关保持健康的建议。 5.suffer v 受苦；受折磨 suffer from （因……）痛苦、苦恼，其后常接表示疾病、痛苦、寒冷、饥饿、悲伤等的词语，无被动语态。 Many teenagers are _______ _______ the computer games. 6. lonely 与 alone的区分 lonely：是一种精神状态 alone：是一种事实上的状态 She lives _________ and often feels _________. 7. take photos of 给……拍照 take photos 拍照 Tony enjoys taking photos. She is ill / sick in bed. 她卧病在床。 The smell makes me sick.这气味使我感到恶心。 She is looking after her sick father .她在照顾她生病的父亲。 She is ill / sick in bed. 她卧病在床。 He is an ill man. 他是一个邪恶的人。 His uncle took lots of photos of animals in danger. 拓展：make friends with 和……交朋友 exchange seats交换座位 shake hands with与……握手 take turns to do sth.轮流做某事 join hands with与……联系/合作 8. help sb.(to)do sth.帮助某人做某事 =help sb. with sth.
He often helps me(to)study English. =He often helps me with my English. 拓展：help oneself to sth.随便吃某物 Help yourself to some fish,children. can’t help doing…禁不住做…… She can’t help laughing. 9.spend vt,度过，消磨
He spent his holiday in the country with his girlfriend. 复习：话费
How much money do you spend each week? 常见搭配
sb.+spend(s)+money/time+(in)doing sth.某人花费时间/金钱做某事 sb.+spend(s)+money/time+on sth.某人在某事、某物上花费金钱/时间 They spend a lot of time watching TV every day. He doesn’t spend a lot of money on food. 人+ spend(s)+钱/时间+（in）doing sth./on sth. 10.die vi.死
第三人称单数：dies 过去式：died 现在分词：dying 形容词：dead 名词：death
注意：die为非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，但可以转换成be dead. He died 3 years ago. He has been dead for 3 years.
11.need 1 实义动词，意为“需要” +名词、代词或不定式
They don’t need any help. 他们不需要任何帮助。 He needs to have a good rest. 2 情态动词，没有人称和数的变化+动词原形，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。 You needn’t become very nevous. Must I bring my homework now? No, you needn’t. You can bring it tomorrow. 注意：need 后接动词- ing时表示被动意义。 These flowers need watering. 12.have difficulty(in) doing sth.做某事有困难 I have some difficulty(in) working out the maths problems. 我算出算些数学问题有困难 have trouble(in) doing sth做某事有麻烦 have problems(in) doing sth做某事有问题 have fun(in) doing sth做某事有乐趣 13.hurt 1.vt. 伤害 You shouldn’t hurt it. 2. vi.(身体部位)疼痛 My stomach hurts because I have eaten too many apples. 3.n. 伤痛，伤害，创伤 I mean no hurt to her feeling. 14. hope vt. 希望 +to do/that-clause I hope to see you soon. We hope that we could be back before dinner. hope与wish的区别 相同点 不同点 表示hope wish 1、+复合宾语，即wish sb. to do sth. wish+that-clause表示不容易实现的愿望，且从句中谓语用虚拟语气 +双宾语，表祝愿 “想，希 望”，宾hope+that-clause,表示容易实现的愿望 语可为to do,不在简略回答中，I hope so/not. 能为doing 沙场练兵： 1) I ________to visit Guilin. 2) I ________ you to go. 3) I _______you’ll be better soon. 4) I________I were ten years younger. 5) I_________ you a happy New Year! 6) –Tomorrow it’ll be sunny, won’t it? -I_______ so. 考点2
1.（1）+to do（宾语）
want(想) agree(同意) offer(提供) promise(承诺) plan(计划) decide(决定) pretend(假装) try(努力) wish/hope(希望) fail(失败)
【记忆】某人想同意提供承诺计划，但却决定假装努力，所以他的希望失败了！ （2）+sb to do(宾补)
want(想) force/get(使) tell/ask/order(叫/命令),
remind(提醒) advise(建议) encourage(鼓励) persuade(说服), 【记忆】（想死叫命令）想使，叫命令；提醒建议，鼓励说服 2.注意：动词不定式符号 “to” 的省略的情况： (1) 在使役动词have, let, make之后。
(2) 在感官动词feel, hear, see, watch, notice, observe, listen to, look at之后。 (3) 在why和why not之后。 (4) 在其他结构之中。 如：had better do sth. would rather do sth. help sb. (to) do sth. help (to) do sth.等。
三、课堂运用 Choices：
( ) 1. My parents agree __________ us to the cinema.
A. with
B. to take B. not to be B. call
C. on to take C. not be C. are called
D. taking D. to be not
D. calls
( ) 2. Try __________ worried!
A. to not to be A. is called
( ) 3. The sun and its planets __________ the solar system.
( ) 4. The old man lives __________ but he isn’t __________ at all.
A. alone; lonely A. paid
B. lonely; alone B. cost
C. alone; alone C. spent
D. lonely; lonely D. pays
( ) 5. This famous painting ___________ him a lot of money. ( ) 6. Today Mary ___________ a new dress. How beautiful!
A. is wearing A. filled of A. opened A. calling
B. is having on B. full of B. opening B. calls
C. is putting on C. full with C. open C. called
( ) 7. The room is ___________ audience. The speech is starting soon. ( ) 8. My father often sleeps with the windows __________. ( ) 9. The student __________ Jack is waiting for you.
( ) 10. Her parents died in the earthquake, ___________ her an orphan（孤儿）.
A. to leave
B. left
C. leaving
( ) 11. —Is ___________ here?
—No, Li Lei and Han Mei have asked for leave（请假了）.
A. everybody
B. somebody
C. anybody
D. nobody
( ) 12. The man asked “Do you have ___________ to say?”
A. anything important C. something important
B. important something D. important anything
( ) 14. “Don’t always make Michael ________ this or that. He is already a big boy, dear,” Mr Brush said to his wife.
A. do
B. to do B. hold
C. does
D. did D. holds
( ) 15. The meeting room is big enough ____ one hundred people.
A. holding
C. to hold
( ) 16. Would you please pass me the knife ____?
A. to cut the watermelon with C. cutting the watermelon A. giving
B. to cut the watermelon D. cutting the watermelon with C. gives
D. gave
D. plays tennis
( ) 17. It is better to teach a man to fish than _______ him fish.
B. to give
( ) 18. Jenny is interested in ____ in her free time.
A. listened to the radio B. reading magazines A. never to drive A. protecting
B. to never drive B. to protect
C. watch TV
( ) 19. The policeman warned the young man____ after drinking.
C. never driving C. protected
D. never drive D. protect
( ) 20. What do you think is the best way ____the wild animals? ( ) 21. I’d rather _______ on the land _______ in a factory.
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