language for different purposes, sociolinguistic situations known as diglossia and bilingualism emerge. ( ) 29. Linguistic lateralization in terms of right hemispheric dominance for language is found to exist in an overwhelming majority of human beings. ( ) 30. In order to identify the areas of learning difficulty, an interlingual contrastive procedure Contrastive Analysis was developed. ( )
四、名词解释(每小题3分，共30分)
31. competence and performance 32. minimal pair 33. morphology 34. finite clause 35. sense and reference 36. Cooperative Principle 37. semantic broadening 38. language planning
39. the critical period hypothesis
40. instrumental motivation vs. integrative motivation
五、论述题(第41、42小题各7分，第43小题6分，共20分)
41. Under what conditions will two sounds be assigned to the same phoneme?
42. For the following sentence, draw a tree diagram to reveal its underlying structure. The girl ate the orange.
43. Study the passage taken from Shakespeare‘s HAMLET below carefully and identify every difference in expression between Elizabethan and Modern English that is evident. King: Where is Polonius?
Hamlet: In heaven, Send thither to see. If your messenger find him not there, seek him i‘ the other place yourself. But indeed, if you find him not within this month, you shall nose him as you go up the stairs into the lobby. Act IV, Scene iii
英语语言学试题（6）
Ⅰ.Directions: Read each of the following statements
carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A,B,C or D in the brackets.(2%×10=20%)
1.Chomsky uses the term ( ) to refer to the actual realization of a language user‘s knowledge of the rules of his language in linguistic communication. A. langue B. competence C. parole D. performance
2.In terms of the place of articulation, the following sounds [t][d][s][z][n] share the feature of ( ). A. palatal B. alveolar C. bilabial D. dental
3.Transformational Generative Grammar was introduced by ( ) in 1957.
A. L. Bloomfield B. F. Saussure C. N. Chomsky D.M. A. K. Halliday
4.Natural languages are viewed to vary according to ( )
set on UG principles to particular values. A. Adjacent Condition B. parameters C. Case Condition D. Case requirement
5. Synonyms are classified into several kinds. The kind to which―girl‖and―lass‖ belong is called ( ) synonyms. A. stylistic B. dialectal C. emotive D. collocational
6. The illocutionary point of ( ) is to express the psychological state specified in the utterance. A. representatives B. commissives C. expressives D. declaratives
7. Modern English words man, woman, child, eat, fight, ect. originate from ( ).
A. Middle English B. Old English C. French D. Norman French
8. In a diglossic country, the two diglossic forms of a language are generally two varieties of the same language, but there are situations in which the H-variety may have no
( ) relationship with the L-variety. A. genetic B. social C. direct D. close
9.Many aphasics do not show total language loss. Rather, different aspects of language are impaired. Aphasics in ( ) area reveal word-finding difficulties and problems with syntax.
A. Werniker‘s B. visual C. motor D. Broca‘s
10. ( ) motivation occurs when the learner desires to learn a second language in order to communicate with native speakers of the target language. A. Instrumental B. Functional C. Integrative D. Social
Ⅱ. Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in ONE word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given.(1％×10=10％)
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