考点31 阅读理解之应用文
一、文章类型
阅读理解之应用文包含广告、招聘、咨询和建议、通知等类型的文章。 二、满分技巧
解答广告图表类题，要仔细阅读表格中的内容，表格类阅读材料一般都直观地表达出所要传递的信息。考生只要能看懂各个项目的意义，即可找出所设问题的答案。这类材料一般不涉及难度太大的题目。
纵观历年各省市的中考题可以看出广告图表类的文章在阅读理解中占有相当大的比重，一般四篇阅读理解中至少有一篇是广告图表类。广告图表类的文章属于应用文的行列。考生在阅读这类材料时，主要从两方面入手：
一是了解图表的主题，确定图表的主要内容，
二是推敲图画上的文字或数字，找出它们之间的关联或试图表达的含义。
A
The BBC has listed the top 10 food trends for 2020. Take a look at some of them.
A blended burger is still a burger, and it’s made of meat. But Blended the patty (肉饼) mixes beef with kinds of plants, such as carrots, mushrooms or cabbage. These burgers are lower in fat but higher burgers in fiber than traditional burgers. They can satisfy people’s need for healthier and more environmentally-friendly food choices. Foods that are healthy for your brain are becoming Nootropic increasingly popular. Nootropic foods are drugs or supplements that can make our brains healthier. Many of these foods are ones foods that you might already eat, such as nuts, eggs, fish and dark chocolate. Ugly In supermarkets, we like to pick good-looking fruits or
vegetables. But in fact, “ugly” produce is just as nutritious (有营produce 养的) and delicious as good-looking produce. People care more about the problem of food waste. More people are willing to buy imperfect fruits and vegetables，which may have gone to waste in the past.
31. We can learn from the passage that will be more popular in 2020. A. beef burgers C. perfect vegetables
32. The purpose of this passage is to _______. A. introduce food trends for 2020 B. encourage people to try healthy food C. tell people why these foods are healthy D. change people’s eating habits
33. The passage is most probably from the column（栏目）of . A. Culture
B. News
C. Food
D. Health
B. chocolate D. brain-healthy foods
【答案】31. D 32. A 33. C
【解析】文章大意：本文章主要向读者介绍了英国广播公司列出了2020年十大食品趋势，并对其中的几种进行了说明。 【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中“Foods that are healthy for your brain are becoming increasingly popular. Nootropic foods are drugs or supplements that can make our brains healthier.” 对大脑有益的食物正变得越来越受欢迎。益智食品是可以使我们的大脑更健康的药物或补充剂。故答案为D。 【32题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段，“The BBC has listed the top 10 food trends for 2020. Take a look at some of them.”英国广播公司列出了2020年十大食品趋势。让我们来看看其中的一些。可知，作者写作本文的目的是为了向读者介绍2020年的十大食品趋势，故答案为A。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段，“The BBC has listed the top 10 food trends for 2020. Take a look at some of them.”英国广播公司列出了2020年十大食品趋势。让我们来看看其中的一些。可知，作者写作本文的目的是为了向读者介绍2020年的十大食品趋势。该类文章应出现在食品专栏，故答案为C。
B
(1) Hold fast to dreams. For if dreams die, (2) Forget about the days when it's been cloudy. But don't forget your hours in the sun. Life is a broken-winged bird Forget about the times you have been defeated. That cannot fly. Hold fast to dreams. For when dreams go, Life is a barren field Frozen with snow. But don't forget the victories you have won. Forget about the misfortunes you have encountered. But don't forget the times your luck has turned. Forget about the days when you have been lonely. But don't forget the friendly smiles you have seen. Forget about the plans that didn't seem to work out right. But don't forget to always have a dream. 31. There is a common subject in these two poems, that is ____________. A. dreams
B. days
C. the times
D. the sun
32. How many pairs of rhymes (韵脚) are there in the first poem? A. One.
B. Two.
C. Three.
D. Four.
33. After reading the second poem, do you know what is the purpose of the poet to write it? A. To tell readers to forget the past they used to experience. B. To ask readers not to forget the failure they experienced. C. To ask readers to cheer for the past they used to experience. D. To tell readers to cheer up from the failure they experienced. 【答案】31. A 32. C 33. D
【解析】这是两首诗歌，第一首诗表明了梦想的重要性；第二首诗歌让我们对生活有一个积极的态度。 【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一首诗歌中“Hold fast to dreams.”以及第二首诗歌“Forget about the plans that didn't
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