倒装
1、概说 英语的基本语序是主语+谓语+其他成分。如果将谓语的全部或部分放在主语前，这种语序叫做倒装语序。倒装的两个作用：一是语法结构的需要，（如某些疑问句）；一是为了强调。倒装分为部分倒装和全部倒装。 2、倒装的具体形式：
（1）疑问句中（特殊疑问句和一般疑问句）
What are you doing? Does he play basketball well?
（2）含有否定意义的副词或连词放在句首。这些词常见的有：hardly, never, not, no, not only, little, few等。
Hardly had I arrived when I had a new problem to cope with. （我一到就有问题要处理）
Scarcely had we started lunch when the door bell rang.
Not only did we lose all our money, but we also came close to losing our lives. 我们不但把金钱丢了，还几乎丢了命。
Little dose he care about what others think. 他很少考虑别人怎么想。 （3）so 放在句首
表示前面说的情况适合于另一个人或物，其句型是：so + be/have/情态动词/助动词 +主语。
She is a teacher. So is her mother.
You can ride a bike. So can I. He has been to Beijing. So have I.
注意：若是重复或进一步肯定前面所说的情况，前后两句的主语指的是同一个人或物时，主语不用倒装，主谓不用倒装，其句型是：so+主语+be/ have/ 助动词。
It is a fine day today. So it is.
另外：在：so…that句式中，若将so及其修饰的副词或形容词放在句首时，so所在的主句部分要倒转。
So excited was he that he could hardly say a word.
（4）neither/not 放在句首时，句子倒装。句型是：neither/nor + be/ have/ 助动词/情态动词 + 主语。
I have never been abroad. Neither has he. I am not interested in English. Neither is he. （5）在虚拟语气中省略if的条件句中
Had you come earlier, you would have seen him.
注意: 在as引导的让步状语从句中，必须将从句的表语或状语提前至句首，其余部分位置不变。若表语为名词，之前不能加冠词。
Tired as he was, he worked late into the night. Child as he was, he was very brave. （6）表示时间的副词放在句首，now /then.
Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。
Then come my turn to recite the next. 接着轮到我背课文了。
（7）表示方位的副词谓语句首，句子倒装。但当主语是代词时，句子不倒装。
There goes the bell. 铃响了。
Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。 Here it is. 给你。 （8）在there be 句型中。 There is a bird in the tree. There is a picture in the wall.
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