谷\指的是交通规则不清楚的情况；故选D．
47．B．细节理解题．根据第四段The change to the road traffic law will permit fully automatic driving，\．It will put fully driverless cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers，he says可知dobrindt提出的建议旨在帮助促进全自动驾驶；故选B．
48．D．细节理解题．根据文章But that is not what many people have in mind when thinking of driverless cars．\，people expect driverless cars．\．\﹣no driver可知消费者认为无人驾驶汽车的操作不该涉及到人的责任；故选D．
49．C．推理判断题．根据最后一段That would go down poorly in the US，however可知公共交通的无人驾驶车辆在美国没看到光明的未来；故选C．
50．A．推理判断题．根据最后一段That would go down poorly in the US，however．\them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here，\可知文章最好的标题是自主驾驶：谁的责任；故选A．
【点评】考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
51．（12.5分）（2017?天津）I read somewhere that we spend a full third of our lives waiting．But where are we doing all of this waiting，and what does it mean to an impatient society like ours？To understand the issue，let's take a look at three types of\．
The very purest form of waiting is the Watched﹣Pot Wait．It is without doubt the most annoying of all．Take filling up the kitchen sink（洗碗池） as an example．There is absolutely nothing you can do while this is going on but keep both eyes fixed on the sink until it's full．During these waits，the brain slips away from the body and wanders about until the water runs over the edge of the counter and onto your socks．This kind of wait makes the waiter helpless and mindless．
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A cousin to the Watched﹣Pot Wait is the Forced Wait．This one requires a bit of discipline．Properly preparing packaged noodle soup required a Forced Wait．Directions are very specific．\，add mix，simmer three minutes，remove from heat，let stand five minutes．\anyone has actually followed the procedures strictly．After all，Forced Waiting requires patience．
Perhaps the most powerful type of waiting is the Lucky﹣Break Wait．This type of wait is unusual in that it is for the most part voluntary．Unlike the Forced Wait，which is also voluntary，waiting for your lucky break does not necessarily mean that it will happen．
Turning one's life into a waiting game requires faith and hope，and is strictly for the optimists among us．On the surface it seems as ridiculous as following the directions on soup mixes，but the Lucky﹣Break Wait well serves those who are willing to do it．As long as one doesn't come to rely on it，wishing for a few good things to happen never hurts anybody．
We certainly do spend a good deal of our time waiting．The next time you're standing at the sink waiting for it to fill while cooking noodle soup that you'll have to eat until a large bag of cash falls out of the sky，don't be desperate．You're probably just as busy as the next guy．
51．While doing a Watched﹣Pot Wait，we tend to B ． A．keep ourselves busy B．get absent﹣minded C．grow anxious D．stay focused
52．What is the difference between the Forced Wait and the Watched﹣Pot Wait？ A
A．The Forced Wait requires some self﹣control． B．The Forced Wait makes people passive．
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C．The Watched﹣Pot Wait needs directions． D．The Watched﹣Pot Wait engages body and brain． 53．What can we learn about the Lucky﹣Break Wait？ B A．It is less voluntary than the Forced Wait． B．It doesn't always bring the desired result． C．It is more fruitful than the Forced Wait． D．It doesn't give people faith and hope．
54．What does the author advise us to do the next time we are waiting？ D A．Take it seriously． B．Don't rely on others． C．Do something else． D．Don't lose heart．
55．The author supports his view by C ． A．exploring various causes of\． B．describing detailed processes of\． C．analyzing different categories of\ D．revealing frustrating consequences of\ 【考点】OB：人生感悟类阅读．
【分析】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了等待分为三种，我们不应该在等待时失去信心．
【解答】51．B．细节理解题．根据第二段There is absolutely nothing you can do while this is going on but keep both eyes fixed on the sink until it's full．During these waits，the brain slips away from the body and wanders about until the water runs over the edge of the counter and onto your socks可知当我们盯着罐子看的时候，我们倾向于心不在焉；故选B．
52．A．细节理解题．根据第三段After all，Forced Waiting requires patience可知强迫等待与被监视的等待的区别是强迫等待需要一些自制力；故选A．
53．B．细节理解题．根据文章Unlike the Forced Wait，which is also voluntary，waiting for your lucky break does not necessarily mean that it will happen可知幸运
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的等待并不总是带来预期的结果；故选B．
54．D．细节理解题．根据最后一段The next time you're standing at the sink waiting for it to fill while cooking noodle soup that you'll have to eat until a large bag of cash falls out of the sky，don't be desperate可知作者建议我们下次等待时不要失去信心；故选D．
55．C．推理判断题．根据文章To understand the issue，let's take a look at three types of\可知作者证明自己的观点通过分析不同类别的\等待；故选C．
【点评】考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
第三部分：写作第一节：阅读表达 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题． 56．（10分）（2017?天津）In the years of my growing up，Dad was strict with me．He made sure I made my bed and did my homework．He would call in advance to make sure there was no alcohol at the party．I got so angry with him for laying down the law．I would scream，\，\down I knew he did．
One time at a party，I drank too much alcohol and got so sick．I said，\my dad．\，Dad was carrying me to the car．I woke up the next morning，thinking I would definitely be criticized．As expected，I got a roasting，but I now understand why I need discipline．
Dad was 29 when he got his big roles in films．I had an early start at the age of nine with a role in a 1990s TV series，but it wasn't until I finished film studies that I pursued my career as an actress．Like those early days for Dad，I faced lots of rejections．Working in such a competitive industry，I've sometimes thought，\do this any more．\
Once，after a trip to Hollywood，I returned to Australia so depressed and spent months in my bedroom painting，listening to Eckhart Tolle's music and trying to find myself again．Dad sat me down and said，\，I know it's hard，but it's all about
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