M: I like pants with straight legs. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题
18. At what time of day do most high-risk drivers appear?
A. In the late morning. B. In the afternoon. C. At night. (C) 19. In what situation may people choose not to wear a seat belt? A. When they are driving during rush hour. B. When they are passengers in the front seat.
C. When they think they won’t escape with a seat belt on. (C)
20. What is most likely to happen in a crash? A. Being thrown from a moving vehicle. B. Falling into a body of water. C. The car catching free. (A) Test 10.
This is a public service announcement on KLAM 101 3 FM in Portland. Wearing your seat belt in a motor vehicle is the best way to prevent injury or death in the event of a crash. Despite the fact that a seat belt increases your chances of survival by sixty percent, many people still choose not to wear one. Maybe you are riding in the back seat? It doesn’t matter. You can still be thrown from a moving vehicle no matter where you are sitting. Maybe you aren’t driving very far? Surprisingly, three out of four crashes happen within twenty miles of your home. Perhaps you are driving at night , or early in the morning, and think that the police can’t see into your car? Police are out when it’s dark specially to look for people who aren’t wearing a seal belt, as there are more high-risk drivers at this time. You are pregnant and can’t get a seat belt to fit? Put it on below your belly. Maybe you think that if you crash into a body of water or your car catches fire, you won’t be able to escape just because you’re wearing a seat belt? The reality is that less than one percent of all crashes involve water or fire, and you are twenty-five times more likely to die if you are thrown from your vehicle. And besides, you could get a ticket for one hundred dollars if you or someone in your car isn’t wearing one. 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
French writer Frantz Fanon once said: “To speak a language is to take on a world, a culture.” Since the world changes every day, so does our language.
More than 300 new words and phrases have recently made it into the online Oxford Dictionary, and in one way or another they are all reflections of today’s changing world.
After a year that was politically unstable, it’s not hard to understand the fact that people’s political views are one of the main drives of our expanding vocabulary. One example is “otherize”. It is a verb for “other” that means to alienate (使疏远) people who are
different from ourselves – whether that be different skin color, religious belief or sexuality. “We had all the words around Brexit (脱欧) in the last update and we are now starting to see all the words around Trump coming into the dictionary,” Angus Stevenson, Oxford Dictionaries’ head of content development, told The Guardian.
Lifestyle is also changing our language. For example, “fitspiration”—a compound of “fit” and “inspiration” – refers to a person or thing that encourages one to exercise and stay fit and healthy. The phrase “climate refugee”—someone who is forced to leave their home due to climate change—reflects people’s concern for the environment.
But still, not all newly-invented words get the chance to make their way into a mainstream dictionary. If you want to create your own hit words, Stevenson’s suggestion is that you should not only make sure that they are expressive and meaningful, but also have an attractive sound so that people will enjoy saying them out loud.
21. What’s the meaning of “fitspiration”? A. The people who have healthy spirit.
B. Someone or something that helps people keep fit. C. A lifestyle with fit and positive spirit. D. The people who often do exercises to keep fit. 【答案】B
【解析】根据关键词“fitspiration”可知，信息源为第四段。“fitspiration”… refers to a person or thing that encourages one to exercise and stay fit and healthy.可以知道正确答案为B。
【考点】词义猜测题。
22. Which word reflects our care about the surroundings?
A. climate refugee B. otherize C. clicktivism D. fitspiration 【答案】A
【解析】题干中的“the surroundings”与“the environment” 同义，锁定信息源为第四段， 故选择A。
【考点】细节理解题。
23. According to Stevenson, what should you do if you want to create your own hit words? A. Make sure that they are expressive and meaningful as much as possible. B. Ask for valuable advice from language experts. C. Try to imitate the words in a mainstream dictionary. D. Make the words meaningful with fascinating sound. 【答案】D
【解析】根据题干“create your own hit words”，锁定信息源为最后一段。可以得知答案为D。 A选项太绝对，B、C选项为不相关选项。 【考点】细节理解题。
B
A report by the US’ Open Syllabus Project found that the most read books among US college students in the past year were the likes of The Republic by ancient Greek philosopher Plato and The Clash of Civilizations by US political scientist Samuel Huntington. And according to reports released by Chinese college libraries, the most popular books among Chinese students are novels like Journey Under the Midnight Sun by Japanese writer Keigo Higashino and Demi-Gods and Semi-Devils (《天龙八部》) by Chinese author Louis Cha.
This is considered by many to be one of the reasons why Chinese students are sometimes not as good at critical thinking or observing global perspectives as US students – they read too many bestseller novels.
“By reading texts in social studies, science, and other disciplines, students build a foundation of knowledge in these fields that will also give them the background to be better readers in all areas,” Robert Pondiscio, vice president of the Core Knowledge Foundation in the US told The Washington Post.
According to China Youth Daily, there are usually five stages when it comes to reading, with popular novels at the bottom. More advanced readers normally go on to read classic fictional literature, history and philosophy, or books with critical ideas. The fifth stage involves students making their own reading lists based on the ideological (意识形态的) systems they have built throughout the years.
We spend hours, days or even weeks on a book, so it’s only natural that we want to learn something useful in return for our efforts. Many see reading as an investment in themselves.
But this practical view of literature and the thought that history and philosophy books are superior to novels is not agreed by everyone. After all, what they offer are two different kinds of satisfaction. While the former provides knowledge, the latter brings sentimental (情感的) experiences. “Fiction and poetry are medicines,” UK writer Jeanette Winterson once wrote. “What they heal is the rupture (裂痕) reality makes on the imagination.”
24. The purpose of paragraph one is to _________.
A. compare the popular books between the US and Chinese students. B. introduce the different discoveries from China and the US. C. analyze the cultural differences of the two countries.
D. state why Chinese students are sometimes not good at critical thinking 【答案】D
【解析】文章第一段举出中美学生读书喜好的不同，目的是为下文做铺垫。再看第二段“This is considered by many to be one of the reasons why Chinese students are sometimes not as good at critical thinking or observing global perspectives (视野) as US students…”,所以答案选择D。
【考点】文段写作意图题。
25. To know something in each area, students should read_______. A. famous novels which has won many prizes B. texts in social studies and other disciplines C. modern magazines which have gained great popularity D. science fictions involving knowledge in many areas 【答案】B
【解析】根据题干中的“have the background knowledge in each area”，可以锁定答案信息源在第三段，“By reading texts in history/social studies, science, and other disciplines, students build a foundation of knowledge in these fields that will also give them the background to be better readers in all areas,” 故选择B。
26. According to China Youth Daily, which is the highest stage while reading? A. Books based on the readers’ thought. B. Classic fictional literature. C. Books with critical ideas. D. Popular novels. 【答案】A
【解析】通过China Youth Daily，迅速锁定信息源为第四段。再根据细节理解“The fifth stage involves students making their own reading lists based on the ideological systems they have built throughout the years”，可以知道“最高阶段”为A。 【考点】细节理解题。
27. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs? A. History books are superior to novels.
B. Jeanette Winterson thought fiction and poetry are also useful. C. Philosophy books help the readers get emotional experience. D. The writer prefers to read the historical and scientific books. 【答案】B
【解析】通过阅读最后两段，可知道Jeanette Winterson的观点为“Fiction and poetry are medicines which heal the rupture (裂痕) reality makes on the imagination.” 故答案为B。 【考点】推理判断题。
C
Distracted drivers have been crashing cars since the days of Henry Ford. But today, cell phones are one of the biggest causes of car accidents.
David Strayer, a psychologist at the University of Utah, claimed in a recent report that taking your eyes off the road for a few seconds is just as dangerous as driving drunk. Strayer’s research found that talking on a cell phone increases the risk of an accident. “For comparison purposes, someone who’s drunk at a 0.08 blood alcohol level has a four-time crash increase. So talking on a cell phone is about the same as driving drunk,” he says. “When you’re text messaging, the crash risk goes up to eight times.”
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