高考英语语法突破unit5

高考英语语法突破Unit5

授课课次….第5次 高考英语语法突破（共十五次） 授课时长….2小时/次

授课内容：时间状语从句，地点状语从句，原因状语从句，比较状语从句

一.教学目标及重点

1. 时间状语从句when, while, as, each time, until, since等的用法 2. 原因状语从句because, since ,as, for等的区别及用法 3. the more+…, the more+…

二．教学难点

1. 时间状语从句when, while的区别，until, since的一些用法 2. 原因状语从句的引导词的具体语境区别。 3. the more+…, the more+…用法与写法。

三. 教学内容

时间状语从句

1. 表示动作同时发生：主句动作与从句动作同时发生

常用的引导词：when, while, as, any time, each time, every time ⑴ when/while

①when≈at that time(在…时刻)，从句谓语动词通常是短暂性动词，表示某一时刻的动作；从句也可接延续性动词，这时从句往往用过去进行时态，表示某一时间段内发生的动作；

E.g. When the rate of unemployment rises, women workers are the first to be laid off. ②while a.≈during that time(在…期间)，从句谓语动词通常接延续性动词，表示某一时间段内发生的动作。

E.g. While she was asleep, thieves broke in and stole her handbag. b.表示对比“然而”

E.g. I’d like to study law at university while my cousin prefers geography. c.表示让步 “尽管，虽然”

E.g. While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.

注(考点)：when引导时间状语从句，意为正在这时，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生

时，突然发生另一动作：be about to do… when… / be doing… when…/be on the point of doing… when…/had just done… when

E.g. Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird. I was walking along the street when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind. 哈哈一笑：

A detective (侦探) arrested a criminal and was about to handcuff (给… 戴手铐)him when a huge gust of wind blew the detective’ hat off. “Shall I go and fetch it?” the criminal asked. “Do you take me for a fool?” asked the detective. “You wait here while I go and get it.”

妙语点睛：此句中的go和get尽管是短暂动词，但两动词连用表示的是在一段期间内的活动，所以用连词while。而when的从句的谓语是blew off, 表示 “吹落”，显然是一个短暂动作，所以不能用while引导。 ⑵ as “一边…一边”, “随着”, 连词,后接句子 with “随着”, 介词,后接名词或动名词

As time passed by, the situation became worse. With time passing by, the situation became worse. ⑶ any time / every time / each time + 句子

Every time I met with any difficulty, he is always the first one to come to give me a hand.

2. 表示动作接连发生 “ 一 … 就…”

常用的引导词：(从句动作先于主句动作) as soon as, once, the moment, the minute, the instant, the second, immediately, directly, instantly, (主句动作先于从句动作)hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner…than (主句多用过去完成时，且常倒装，从句用一般过去时)

E.g. Once you begin, you must continue. The dog would bark as soon as it heard a noise.

You see the lighting the instant it happens, but you hear the thunder later. I had hardly arrived home when it began to rain. I had hardly begun to talk when he rang off.

I had no sooner started to type my paper than the telephone rang.

A fair-weather friend is like a banker who lends you his umbrella when the sun is shining and takes it back the minute it rains.

3. until的用法(until既可作介词也可作连词，所以既可接短语也可接从句) ⑴延续动词+until+短暂动词或时间点

当主句或句子的谓语动词是延续性动词时，通常用肯定形式。Until的后面若接从句，则从句的谓语必定是短暂动词，或者接表示时间点的名词短语。 e.g. Until I came back, he was waiting for me at my home. We will stay here until it stops raining.

⑵短暂动词+until+短暂动词或时间点（not…until “直到…才”）

（若主句或句子的谓语动词是短暂动词，则要用否定形式，因为否定之后表示状态，状态是延续的，所以not…until “直到…才”）

E.g. Ice cream did not reach America until about the middle of the eighteenth century.

I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult. One will never realize how much he knows until he starts talking. 注：till不可置于句首，until可以 哈哈一笑：

When I showed my dad my report card, I said, “Remember, Dad, Thomas Edison got bad grades in school, too.” He said, “Fine, stay in your room until you invent the light bulb.”

妙语点睛：这里主句的谓语stay是延续动词，从句的谓语invent是短暂动词。表示stay的动作一直持续到“发明出来”这个时间点为止。 4. before & since

⑴before：①既可以作介词也可以作连词 ② It will be +时间段+before…多久之后才…

E.g. It won’t be long before he recovers from the wound. It won’t be long before he is ready for his new job. ⑵since:自从…以来

① Since引导的状语从句，谓语动词为延续性动词用完成时、为短暂性动词用一般过去时，表示其本义。

e.g. I have never seen him since he fell ill. (短暂性动词，一般过去时) 他生病以后，我就再也没见过他。

I have never seen him since he had been ill. (延续性动词，过去完成时) 自从他生病之后，我就再也没见过他。

如果since引导的状语从句使用了延续性动词的一般过去时，则应该理解为自从有过某事到现在，此时从句应翻译为否定含义。

E.g. I have never seen him since he was ill. (延续性动词，瞬间时态) 他病好之后，我就再也没见过他。

② It is/has been+时间段+since从句：自从…到现在多久了

E.g. It is / has been two years since his father died. 他父亲去世已经两年了。 It is/ has been 8 years since I graduated from university.我大学毕业已经八年了。 ③ since从句如果是延续性动词用一般过去时，则表示从从句的动作结束时算起，也就是表示有多长时间没有做某事了。 E.g. it is 3 years since he came here. 他有三年没来这里了。

地点状语从句

引导地点状语从句的连词where, wherever 指具体地点时，从句可位于主句之前或之后，表示抽象条件的含义时，从句需放在主句之前。