天津市2020年高三英语关于动词的时态和语态(无附答案)
英语中常见的时态有8种--- 一般现在时/一般过去时；现在进行时/过去进行时；一般将来时/过去将来时；现在完成时/过去完成时。另外还有现在完成进行时/过去完成进行时，将来完成时，将来进行时。
一 关于一般现在时 （第三人称动词后加” s” 或“es” ） （1）表示经常性、习惯性动作。
（2）普遍真理、自然现象，谚语、报刊标题等
（3）代替将来时（主从句均为将来时时，代替从句中的将来时）
（4）以 here ,there 开头的句子中， 动词go come 等用现在时代替进行时 Here comes the bus. There goes the bell.
二 关于一般过去时 （谓语构成: V +ed, 注意不规则动词的构成）
（1）表过去经常性、习惯性动。（注意比较would do/ used to do ） She often came to visit us when she was there. Whenever I went to Beijing, he would come to guide me. (2) 过去某一时刻发生的动作。 三 关于现在进行时 （ am/is/are + ving） (1) 表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作。
How are getting along with your studies these days? More and more people are giving up smoking.
(2) 表将来，用于从句中，可代替将来时。常用于瞬间动词，如come, go, leave,
arrive, die 等，常表示渐进或安排要进行的动作。
If she is doing her homework, don’t interrupt her. He is dying.
注意：系动词look, feel, taste, smell, sound, prove,等及心理活动的动词 want,
mean, mind, hope, understand, know, like, dislike ,love, prefer, hate ,doubt等一般不用进行时。
The dish smells good.
【3】 always, all the time 等于进行时态连用，表示惊讶、感叹、厌恶不耐烦等感情色彩。
He is always thinking of himself. （讨厌） New products are appearing all the time. ( 高兴)
You are drinking too much. ----Only at home, and nobody sees me.
(4) 介词短语表进行。常见：on holiday/sale/fire/show/display, at
dinner/war/school/work, under repair/construction/control/discussion 等。
The question is under discussion. 四 关于过去进行时 (was/were ving)
(1) 在过去某一时刻或一段时间正在进行的动作。
He was writing a novel, but I don’t know if he has finished it now. (2) 于现在进行时一样，always 等用于过去进行时，也表示感情色彩 He was always complaining of everything.
【3】come , go plan, expect 等过去进行时有时表示打算做而实际未做之事 We were going to the party, but our headmaster told us to attend a meeting. She was coming to go shopping with me, but unfortunately she was ill. 五 关于一般将来时
表示将要发生的动作或状态。将来时有五种常用结构，具体形式及用法如下。 （1） will/ shall ( 仅用于第一人称)do sth. 表示纯粹的将来时。 （2） be going to do sth 1.表示有计划，有准备做… 2 表示某事肯定会发生 （3） be about to do sth. “ 立刻，马上要做。。。“常与 when 连用 （4） be to do sth. 表吩咐、命令、义务要求； 有感情色彩。 （5） be doing sth. 表渐进， 常用于瞬间动词 （6） will be doing sth. 1. 将来某一时刻正进行
2. 表示安排好计划好要做。。。=be going to do
e.g 1. I’m sorry I forgot to post your letter.--- Never mind, I will post it myself. ( 纯粹将来)
2．Look at the clouds! It looks as if it is going to rain. ( 肯定会发生) 3．I was about to leave when the bell rung. ( 正要。。。这时) 4. If you are to succeed, you must study hard. ( 吩咐，义务) 5． All these things are to be answered for. ( 命令，必须)
6． Unfortunately when I arrived she was just leaving, so we only had time
for a few words.
7. I will be waiting for you at the station tomorrow evening. ( be going
to)
六 关于过去将来时
表示从过去某时刻看将要发生的动作。不能单独使用。常用于宾语从句中。 用法
（1） 和一般将来时基本相同，只是时间在过去。 （2） 用于表对现在和将来的虚拟中。 （3） 注意would与used to do 的区别。 七 关于现在完成时 （have/has done ）
表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果； 过去的动作一直持续到现在刚刚停止，或还会继续进行下去。常与延续性动词连用。完成时常与lately, so far, recently, up to/until now, in the past/last few years, for some time, since some time ago, since + clause 连用。 I have finished reading three books so far. 常用句式：
1 It is /has been some time since + clause ( did) 2 This/It is the first time that + clause ( have done) 3. This is the best film that + clause ( have done) 注意：一般过去时与现在完成时的区别：
一般过去时只表示过去的动作，常与过去的具体时间（包括when）连用; 现在完成
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