I appointed myself as an unwelcome committee member to correct him. He stuck to his guns. “What? From Shakespeare? Impossible! Absurd! That quotation was from the Bible.” And he knew it.
The storyteller was sitting on my right; and Frank Gammond, an old friend of mine, was seated on my left. Mr. Gammond had devoted years to the study of Shakespeare. So the storyteller and I agreed to submit the question to Mr. Gammond. Mr. Gammond listened, kicked me under the table, and then said,“Dale, you are wrong. The gentleman is right. It is from the Bible.”
On our way home that night, I said to Mr. Gammond, “Frank, you knew that quotation was from Shakespeare.” “Yes, of course,” he replied, “Hamlet, Act Five, Scene Two. But we were guests at a happy time, my dear Dale. Why argue with the storyteller? Why prove to him he is wrong? Why not let him save his face? Always avoid your sharp angle.” I learned a lesson I’ll never forget. I not only had made the storyteller uncomfortable, but also had put my friend in an embarrassing situation. How much better it would have been had I not become argumentative.
Nine times out of ten, an argument ends with each of the contestants more firmly convinced than ever that he is absolutely right. You can’t win an argument. You can’t because if you lose it, you lose it; and if you win it, you lose it.
24． What did the author do to get a feeling of importance at the party?
A. Tell a humorous story. B. Show off his rich knowledge. C. Teach the storyteller a lesson. mistake.
25． Why did Frank Gammond kick the author under the table?
A. Because he didn’t know much about the Bible. B. Because he thought the author was really wrong.
C. Because he was thoughtful and wanted to stop the author. D. Because he was humorous and played tricks on the author.
26． How did the author feel about the event that happened at the party?
A. Thankful. B. Regretful.
C. Satisfied.
D. Confused.
D. Correct the storyteller’s
27． What can be the suitable title for the passage?
A. You Can’t Win an Argument C. Do Have an Open Mind
B. You Can’t Make Mistakes in Public D. Mind Your Manners at a Party
C
If I scratch your back and you scratch mine, then we’re both better off as a result — so
goes the principle of reciprocity. As humans, we are familiar with the concept. But do animals also help those who help them? The answer may be yes. A paper by Dolivo and Taborsky shows that Norway rats will only give as good as they get.
In their laboratory, Dolivo and Taborsky first trained rats to pull on a stick that drew a food item within reach of a rat in a neighboring cage separated from them by wire mesh (钢丝网).
They then introduced a further treatment in which an experimental rat was placed in a cage with other caged rats on either side. On one side the rat pulled a stick that provided pieces of carrot to the rat in the central cage, while the other pulled a stick that produced banana pieces.
In the following trials the focal rat (the one in the central cage) had the opportunity to repay the other rats using the same stick tool to deliver food items.
Now, the rats had typically turned their noses up at the carrot and showed a strong preference for the more desirable banana. On the basis that the banana-providing rat should therefore be remembered as the superior partner, the authors predicted that in the test phase (阶段) the focal rat would more readily provide help for banana-offering rats than for carrot-offering rats. This proved to be the case: the rats that had provided better help in the past received greater rewards — it seemed that they were behaving reciprocally.
Dolivo and Taborsky’s experiments show that rats can recall the quality of help provided and by which rat, and adjust their behavior so as to invest more time and energy in helping those that helped them. It is apparent that we shouldn’t undervalue the ability of animals to engage in reciprocity.
28． What does the underlined word “reciprocity” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to?
A. The act of being kind to other people. favors.
C. A positive attitude to everything.
D. The quality of being generous. B. A cooperative exchange of
29． What would happen if a rat pulled the stick according to the text?
A. It would find some food in its own cage. B. Other rats would be able to enter its cage. C. Another rat in another cage would get food. D. It would be able to enter a neighboring cage.
30． Which got more benefit from the focal rat in the experiments?
A. The rats that preferred carrot pieces. pieces.
C. The rats that had provided carrot pieces. banana pieces.
31． Which of the following might Dolivo and Taborsky agree with?
A. Some animals may return others’ help. B. Norway rats have very poor memories.
C. It is hard to explain the ability of animals. D. Rats behavior is very uncommon.
D
Taking charge of yourself involves putting to rest some common beliefs. At the top of the list is the notion that intelligence is measured by your ability to solve complex problems; to read, write and compute at certain levels; and to resolve abstract equations (方程式) quickly. This vision of intelligence asserts (断言) formal education and bookish excellence as the true measures of self-fulfillment. It encourages a kind of intellectual prejudice that has brought with it some discouraging results. We have come to believe that someone who is very good at some form of school discipline is “intelligent”. Yet mental hospitals are filled with patients who have all of the professional certificates. A truer indicator of intelligence is an effective, happy life lived each day and each present moment.
If you are happy, if you live each moment for everything it’s worth, then you are an intelligent person. Problem solving is a useful help to your happiness, but if you know that given your inability to solve a particular problem you can still choose happiness for yourself, or at a minimum refuse to choose unhappiness, then you are intelligent. You are intelligent because you have the ultimate weapon against the big N.B.D. — Nervous Break Down.
“Intelligent” people do not have N.B.D.s because they are in charge of themselves. They know how to choose happiness over depression, because they know how to deal with the problems of their lives.
You can begin to think of yourself as truly intelligent on the basis of how you choose to feel in the face of trying circumstances. Everyone who is involved with other human beings in any social context has similar difficulties. Disagreements, conflicts and compromises are a part
B. The rats that preferred banana
D. The rats that had provided
of what it means to be human. Similarly, money, growing old, sickness, deaths, natural disasters and accidents are all events which present problems to actually all human beings. But some people are able to make it, to avoid abandoning themselves to depression and unhappiness despite such occurrences, while others collapse or have N.B.D.s. Those who recognize problems as a human condition and don’t measure happiness by an absence of problems are the most intelligent kind of humans we know; also, the most rare.
32． According to the author, the notion of intelligence measured in terms of one’s
ability to read, write and compute _____________. A. will help remove intellectual prejudice is a widely held but wrong concept C. will contribute to one’s self-fulfillment
D. is the root of all mental suffering
B.
33． It is implied in the passage that holding a university degree _____________.
A. does not mean that one is highly intelligent B. may make one mentally sick and physically weak
C. does not indicate one’s ability to write professional documents D. may result in one’s inability to solve complex real-life problems 34． The author thinks that an intelligent person knows _____________.
A. how to accept some common beliefs B. how to persuade others to compromise
C. how to find the best way to achieve success in life D. how to avoid depression and make his life worthwhile 35． According to the last paragraph, which statement is TRUE?
A. Difficulties are part of everyone’s life.
B. Depression and unhappiness are unavoidable in life. C. Everybody should learn to avoid challenging circumstances. D. Good feelings can contribute to eventual academic excellence.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 It is sometimes thought that the longing for material goods, the need to buy things, is a
相关推荐：
loading