4．转则项关键词
despite / in spite of / instead / while / from ~ to ~ / although ~ （yet）~ / not only ~ but also ~ / ……
5．序数项标志词
所有的序数词（first , second）/ another / the other / next / last / in addition / on the other hand / ……
6．时间项标志词
when / how / today / as / before / after / since / then / until / ……
7．解释项标志词
or / namely / in other words / that is / that is to say / ……
8．目的项标志词
to / for / ……
9．总结项标志词
all in all / in brief / to conclude / at last / in summary / in short / ……
10．强调项标志词
副词：especially / particularly / almost / always / usually / ……
动词：show / remember / note / notice / say / pronounce / ……
注：一些简单得大家熟知的在这里就没有一一列出了比方像because ,so, but之类的，请大家自己补充总结。大家只有多做题，之后再对答案才会发现这些词有多么重要。所以，多练习几套题养成听到这些词习惯就关注选项。
找准信号词 四六级阅读“一目十行”
在文章的浏览(即略读，skimming)过程中，对文中信息重要性的判断可以帮助读者快速有效地了解段落的大意。在浏览过程中，读者可以通过寻找“信号词”来区分重要信息和非重要信息。以下列出的是阅读过程中常见的几类“信号词”。
1.以下词组提示下文所涉及的重要信息：
The main / important point / conclusion / reason….
The point to note here…
2.以下词组提示了下文的结构框架：
There are three major reasons…
3.but 和 however表示对比，常常用来提示重要信息，例如：
The rising birth rate is not due to increased fertility, but to a sharp decline in the death rate.
4.在文中提问可以突出问题后的答案，提示读者答案中有重要信息，例如：
Why is a piped water supply so important? Disease due to contaminated water is a common cause of death in childhood.
5.有时，为了保证读者完全理解自己的观点，作者会在文中反复提出自己的观点，例如：
Death control can be achieved autonomously. In other words, the death rate can be cut without anything else changing.
6.文章的结论通常是非常重要的，因此，读者要在文中寻找提示结论的“信号词”，例如：
Thereforethe result
In conclusionwe can conclude
One of the primary conclusions
7.举例是为了帮助读者理解某一个观点，因此，文中的例子不是浏览文章时的重要信息。在阅读过程中，以下词组提示读者下文是举例部分信息。
For example/instancelike
Such asthese include
To illustrateamong these are
有时，作者也会用破折号或括号来提示举例信息，例如：
The developing countries are dependent on cash crops – sugar, coffee, cacao, cotton.
Precipitating/violent/unexpected factors are those which reduce the food supply (droughts, floods, wars, epidemics)…
在段落浏览时，读者在看到信号词后，应不断对下文信息作出相应的判断，例如：
The main reason for (提示：下文信息重要) the reduction in the death rate in the developing world has been improved public health measures. For example, (提示：下文信息不重要，仅仅是为了用来证明前面的观点) in Sri Lanka the death rate was halved over ten years by spraying the mosquitoes which carry malaria.
Why (提示：问题的答案中有读者应该关注的重点) is it so easy to cut the death rate in this way and yet so hard to reduce the birth rate? One answer (提示：这只是众多答案中的一种，并不是最重要的。) is that public health measures can be very cheap. Anti-malarial spraying is inexpensive. But this is not the important point (提示：but后面的是非常重要的信息). For birth control programmes to be successful, a change in attitude is required, whereas death control can be achieved autonomously. In other words, (提示：这里是作者想要强调的重要信息) the death rate can be cut without anything else changing.
四级写作常用经典句型
1）主语从句
It is common knowledge that honesty is the best policy.
It is well-known that…
It is self-evident/ conceivable / obvious / apparent that…
It goes without saying that… It is universally acknowledged that… It is / that 2）宾（表）语从句
We cannot understand why he was so cruel to his roommates. The problem is not who will go, but who will stay. 3）定语从句（限定性和非限定性）
As is shown/ demonstrated/ illustrated/ depicted/ described…in the cartoon/ picture/ graph/ table…,
There are many reasons why I want to study in your university.
It is estimated that tens of billions of pounds spent on cigarettes every year in our country, which is a huge waste.
4）状语从句（时间，原因，地点，条件，让步，转折等）
When the man is enjoying the cigarette, the smoke becomes a monster （怪物） which will devour him.
Whatever the reason, there are still some problems with student use of computers. 5）分词短语做定语或状语
Prof. Kang came to our university, giving us a lecture on how to acquire English better. 6）倒装句
Only through these measures can we hope to solve the problem.
Scattered around the globe are more than 100 small regions of isolated volcanic activity
known to geologists as hot spots. 7）被动句
Some measures should be taken to deal with the problem. He is said to have accomplished a lot of great deeds. Many people believe that…（It is believed that…） 8）设问句
Do you still remember the boy who cried wolf for several times so no one would trust him?
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