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重点3| 从句引导词
Ⅰ.定语从句的关系词(关系代词和关系副词)
自查自纠 1.Take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure：a beautiful scene in nature，or someone you love. 2.I am eighteen years old 根据逗号可知为非限制now, which means I've 性定语从句，引导词作引导词在定语从句中作主语，指事物用that/which，当先行词为不定代词时一般用that。 引导定语从句的关系代词有：that，which，who，whom，whose，as。他们在句中可作主语、宾语和定语。 (1)that指人或物，可作主语、宾语；which指物，可作主语、宾语；非限引导词在定语从句中作主语且指人，应用who/that。 制性定语从句中和介词后用which不用that； (2)who/whom指人，who作主语，whom作宾语； 引导词在定语从句中作定语且指人，应用whose。 (3)whose指人或物，作定语； (4)as常指整个句子，可位于句首，常表示“正如……”。 于句首。 解题分析 语法讲解 become an adult and have 主语且指前面的整个句more responsibilities. 3.It's quite necessary to build a harmony environment for people who/that surf the Internet. 4.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those whose lives were affected. 5.As is often the case with children，Amy was as引导定语从句，可位better by the time the doctor arrived. 6.We have a living 引导词在非限制性定语子，应用which。 引导定语从句的关系副词有：when，where，why。他们都在从句中作状room，two bedrooms with 从句中作地点状语，用wonderful balconies and where。注意，不能用2
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a kitchen，where my mom always cooks great delicious food. 7.We will put off the picnic in the park until next week，when the weather may be better. 8.The reason why he refused to attend the meeting was that they didn't give him an invitation earlier. which。 语，表示时间、地点或原因。 注意：先行词表示时间、地点或原因时，引导词引导词在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语，用when。 不一定用when，where，why，这要看在从句中作什么成分而定。 引导词在定语从句中作原因状语，用why。 先行词是place指地点，9.After thinking carefully，he decided to plant the tree in a place that/which no one could find. 10.9.5 million Chinese people have moved abroad since 1978，many 引导词在介词后，指人of whom are far richer than earlier waves of immigrants. Ⅱ.名词性从句的连接词(连接词、连接代词和连接副词) 自查自纠 1.It suddenly occurred to him that he had left his keys in the office. 解题分析 It作形式主语，引导词在主语从句中没有任何含义，只起连接作用，应用语法讲解 引导名词性从句的连接词包括that，whether/if，它们在从句中不作任何用whom。 介词后面的引导词指人时用whom，指物时用which。 但空格所填的引导词在从句中作find的宾语，故填that/which。注意，若在最后加上it，所填之词就是where。 2
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that。 引导词在同位语从句中不2.We still have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time. 3.Who will be invited to the ceremony hasn't been decided. 4.I think what impressed me about his painting is the color he uses. 作成分，只起连接作用，表示“是否”，应用whether。 引导词在主语从句中作主语且指人，应用who。 成分，只起连接作用，that无任何含义，whether/if意为“是否”，if只能引导宾语从句。 引导名词性从句的连接代词包括who，whom，whose，what，which，who(m)ever，whatever，whichever，它们既起引导从句的作用，同时又在从句中充当主语、宾引导词在主语从句中作主语且指物，应用what。 5.Whoever has helped to save the drowning boy is worth praising. 引导词在主语从句中作语、表语、定语等成分。主语，意为“无论谁”，需注意what表示“什应用whoever。 么”，而which表示“哪一个”。 6.The best moment for the football star was when he scored the winning goal. 7.Grandma pointed to the hospital and said，“That's where I was born.” 8.Once he was asked why he kept on trying to make a new type of battery when he had failed so often. 9.She has known how she should settle the matter. Ⅲ.状语从句的连词 自查自纠 2
引导词在表语从句中作时间状语，应用when。 引导名词性从句的连接引导词在表语从句中作地点状语，应用where。 副词包括when，where，why，how，它们既起引导从句的作用，同时又引导词在宾语从句中作原在从句中作时间、地点、因状语，应用why。 原因或方式状语。 引导词在宾语从句中作方式状语，应用how。 解题分析 语法讲解 1
1.On our last hike，we were told to take a rest when we felt tired. 2.John thinks it won't be long before he is ready for his new job. 3.If you happen to get lost in the wild，you'd better stay where you are and wait for help. 4.If everyone does his part, the project will surely be a success. 5.She says that she'll have to close the shop unless business improves. 6.Mark needs to learn Chinese because his in Beijing. 表示“当……时候”，用when。 It won't be long 时间状语从句的引导词常见的有：when，while，as，before，after，before...为固定句型，since，till，until，once，before引导时间状语从句。 the moment等。 所填之词引导地点状语地点状语从句通常由从句，用where。 where引导。 if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”。 unless引导条件状语从句，表示“除非，如果不”。 原因状语从句中此处强调原因，应用because强调原因；as，since，now that指双方都知道的原因。 让步状语从句的引导条件状语从句的引导词常见的主要是if和unless。 company is opening a branch because。 7.Although/Though/While I understand your opinion，I don't agree with you. 引导让步状语从句表示“尽管，虽然”用although/though/while。 词有：although，though，while，even if/though。as/though用于倒装的让步状语从句。 8.He told us such an interesting story that we all laughed. 2
考查such...that...结构。 结果状语从句主要是so/such...that...。
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