专升本辅导词汇讲义

第一章 （Part of Speech）

第一节 测试要点及解题技巧 一、测试要点

（一）考词类：名词、动词、形容词、副词。 （二）考构词法：前缀、后缀。 二、解题技巧

（一）确定空缺词汇的词类和词义

如：The first phase involved the (preserve) of wild life through laws and hunting regulations.

（二）明确各类词性词汇在句子中的语法功能

○名词：作主语、宾语、表语 ○动词：作谓语 ○形容词：作定语修饰名词；作表语时置

于系动词后；作宾语补足语

○副词：作状语修饰动词或形容词

（三）确定是否使用前缀或后缀（从句子意义连贯入手） 如：When I apply for job I find I am always at a (advantage) because I can’t drive.

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（四）动词时态语态与名词单、复数的正确使用

如：The child (terrify) into crying when he heard the explosion.

第二节 历年真题考点一览

○考副词6个，占10%：originally, frequently,

really, carefully, helplessly, occasionally

○考动词7个占12%： dislike, enlarge,

enrich, strengthen, modernize, should be

○考名词19个占32%：observation,

preservation, collection, application, electricity, ability, society, poverty, decision, expansion, argument, amusement, absence, complaint, politics, pressure, observer, container, freedom

○考形容词28个占46%：

前缀：unexpected, unfair, unscientific,

unusual

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后缀：leading, willing, cheating,

disappointing, instinctive, competitive(2次), effective, successful, cheerful, enriched, excited, leisured, satisfied, given, energetic, economic, original, additional, profitable, religious, certain, likely, , favorite,

○前缀不易出题，若出，多为dis-, en-, un-, mis-, in-/im-/il-/ir-

第三节 词缀例举

（一）容易入题的前缀（5个）

○en-: to make; cause to be 使成为；使变成 Enable, endanger, enlarge, enlighten, ennoble, enrich, entitle

○dis-: the opposite of 相反；否定 Disable, disadvantage, disagree,

disappear, discharge(释放，排出),disclose, discourage, discover,

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discovery, dishonor, dislike, disorder, disapprove, disgrace ○mis-: bad; wrong坏；错 Mislead, mistake, misread,

misunderstand, misunderstanding, misspelling, misjudge

○un-:

①用于构成形容词或副词,“非”。 Unable, unbearable, uncertain,

uncomfortable, unconscious, undoubtedly, uneasy(心神不安的)，unexpected, unfair, unfortunate(ly), unhappy, unjust, unkind, unknown, unlike, unlikely, unnecessary, unpleasant, unsatisfactory, unstable, unsuitable, unusual(ly), unwilling. ②用于构成动词，“做与??相反的动作”。 Uncover, undress, untie, undo, unlock. ○in-: not (l前变为il-; b、m、p前变为im-; r前变为ir-)

Incorrect, indefinite, independence,

independent, indifferent, indirect,

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