八年级下册英语笔记： Unit5 topic1 SectionA
1语法：系表结构（系动词+形容词） 系动词：
1.be动词(are/am/is/was/were)
2.感官动词：feel(感觉起来)/look/seem（看起来）/sound（听起来）/smell（闻起来）/taste（尝起来） 3.四变（turn+颜色）（get+长/短/暗/亮/暖和/冷/热）（become+好）（go+质/疯） 2.How are you doing?=How are you?
你好吗？区分：What are you doing?你在做什么？
3.very well(形容词) 指身体好 4.look excited 系表结构
5.Guess what！猜猜看~！ 6.invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人去做某事
7.one of+最高级+名词复数 8.spend the evening 过夜 spend度过（周末/假期）
9.prepare sth. for sb.=be ready for 为…准备
11. say thanks/sorry/goodbye to sb.对某人说谢谢/对不起/再见 1. smile 微笑 名词/动词 smiling 微笑的 形容词 2. What a shame! 真遗憾！ 3. I feel disappointed.（系表结构） 我感到失望。 4. help others 帮助他人 5. be popular with 在…中受欢迎 the poor 穷人 the rich 富人
SectionB 1. What’s the matter with sb.?=What’s wrong with sb.?=What’s the trouble?
=What’s up? 你怎么了？ 2. seem 好似/看起来像… seem+adj. seem to do sth.似乎要做某事
It seems that+句子 好像要做某事 3. get a ticket to+电影名 the key to the door 门的钥匙
the answer to the question问题的答案 4. want to do sth.想做某事 5. I hope to do sth./that+句子 我希望… 6. not…at all 一点也不 7. like …a lot/very much 很喜欢
move 动词 移动 人+moved 形容词 感动的 事+moving 感人的 Unit5 topic1 sectionC
1. one of +最高级+名词复数
2. care for sb.=look after sb.=take care of sb. 照顾…
3. die- died-dying 死亡 动词 dead 形容词 死的 death 名词 死亡
4. tired-tiring 疲惫的 surprised-surprising 惊喜的 moved-moving感动的 bored-boring 无聊的excited-exciting兴奋的 interested-interesting有趣的 relaxed-relaxing休闲的
5. alone 单独的/单独地 形容词/副词 lonely 孤单寂寞的 只能做形容词 Maria lives alone，but she doesn’t feel lonely.
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6. become/became angry变得生气 be angry with sb./sth. 对…生气 7. because of +名词/名词短语 因为某人或某事 because+句子
8. noise 不可数名词 嘈杂声 noisy形容词 嘈杂的 noisily 副词 嘈杂地 区分：noise 噪音 sound 声音 voice 嗓音
9. teach-taught（过去式） 重要短语： teach/tell/ask sb.（not）to do sth.教/叫某人(不)去做某事
10. perform plays 表演短剧
11. cheer him/her/me/ them up 使他们振作 cheer sb. on 为…加油 12. at first 首先 in the end 最后=at last 13. 笑脸 the smiling faces
make/made sb.do sth./make sb.+形容词/make sb.+名词 让某人做某事/怎样 on the night/morning/afternoon of +日期 在某个特定时间的晚上/上午/下午 14. on the way to+地方 在去…的路上 on one’s way home 在回家路上 15. fall into /fell into 落入
16. look for 寻找（过程） find 找到（结果）
section D
1.come/came into being 形成
2.It has …of history. 它有…的历史= It has a history of+年份 3.over=more than 超过 4.be full of充满=fill…with 5. facial paintings 脸谱 6. Chinese culture 中国文化 7. used to do sth. 过去常做某事 be used to doing sth. 适应做某事 8.be popular with sb. 在…流行 9.become/be interested in doing sth. 对…感兴趣 10.agree with sb. 同意某人意见
Unit5 Topic 2 SectionA 1. 看起来焦急 look worried 2. Anything wrong? 形容词或副词修饰不定代词放后面。 3. happy-unhappy fair-unfair popular-unpopular
healthy-unhealthy friendly-unfriendly lucky-unlucky 4. be sorry to do sth./be sorry about sth. 对…感到抱歉 5. seem to do sth. /seem+形容词/It seems that+句子 好像… 6. do well in…=be good at…擅长 do badly in …在…做得差 7. be strict with sb. 对…要求严格 8. feel lonely 感到孤独 9. have no friends to talk with 没有朋友可以交流 10. Thank you for+doing sth. 谢谢你做某事 11. have a talk with sb. 与…交谈
12. worry(动词)about=be worried（形容词） about
work harder and do better 工作更加努力并且做得更好 13. Take it easy!别紧张=Don’t be nervous! 14. try to do sth. 试着/尽力去做某事
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be glad/happy/pleased to do sth.开心做某事 have fun doing sth.开心做某事
18.Good luck! 祝你好运！ Best wishes！ 给你最好的祝福。 luck 名词 lucky 形容词 luckily 副词 unlucky 形容词 unluckily 副词 SectionB
1.fail to do sth. 做某事失败 fail the exam 考试失败 2.That’s too bad. 那太糟糕了！
3.Why don’t you do sth.=Why not do sth. 为什么不做某事 4.how to do sth.怎样做某事 what to do 如何去做 5. talk with others 与他人交谈 others=other people another 再来一个/一些 （泛指） the other 两者中的另一个（特指）
6.Don’t worry！别担心！ be worried about…担心 7.有这些感觉 get/have the/these feelings 8.在你这样的年纪 at your age
9.make friends with sb. 与某人交朋友 10.tell sb. a joke/jokes 给某人讲笑话
11.让某人发笑 make sb. laugh make sb. do sth.让某人做某事 12.would like to do sth.=want to do sth. 想做某事 13. It’ll be OK. 一切都会好起来的。 14.feel better 感觉好多了 1. have a problem/some problems 有一个/一些问题
answer my questions 回答问题
problem 生活中的难题 question 学习中的问题 2. have +形容词+feelings 有…的感觉
4. Would/Could you please +动词原形？你愿意做某事吗？ 5.give me some suggestions给我一些建议=give me some advice 6.It’s normal to do sth. 做某事是正常的。 7.It’s useless to do sth. 做某事是没有用的。
8. something bad 形容词/副词修饰不定代词放后面 9.happen to sb. 发生在某人身上 10.talk to/with others 与某人交谈 11.listen to soft music 听轻音乐 12.参加活动 take part in activities
SectionC 1. as+形容词/副词原级+as… 和…一样
not as/so +形容词/副词原级+as… （前者）不如（后者） Maria is (not) as clever as Shunbin. Maria can’t run as fast as Weiwei. 2. How time flies!光阴似箭！/日月如梭！/时光飞逝！ 3. How I wish to do sth. 我多希望做某事。
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4. 5. 6. 7.
at that time 在那时 what’s more 并且/而且
as well as usual 像往常一样好 used to do sth. 过去常做某事
be/get used to doing sth. 适应/习惯做某事 8. think—thought 认为 fly-flew 飞 go—went 去 sit—sat 坐 hit-hit 撞击 9. as clean as…和…一样干净
It seemed/seems that+句子 好像… seem to do sth. 好像要做某事 10. friend 名词--friendly 形容词 11. with the help of … 在…的帮助下 12. be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 13. talk with others 与他人交流 14. accept 接受 receive 收到
15. live as happily as before 和以往一样幸福
16. give my best wishes to sb. 把我最好的祝福给某人 give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb. 把某东西给某人
Section D 1. all the time 一直 2. fail an exam 考试失败 3. lose one of your friends 失去你朋友中的一个 lose—lost 失去 动词
lost 形容词 失去的/迷失的 4. deal with the problem 处理/解决问题=solve the problem 5. learn sth. from sb. 像…学习 6. went mad 发疯 7. elder brother/sister 哥哥/姐姐 8. was killed 被杀 9. refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事 10. go to the movies 看电影
11. be angry/mad with 对…生气 12. even though 即使
13. no longer不再=not …any longer
It’s useless （for sb. ）to do sth. 对…来说做什么事是无用的。 14. make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 15. by oneself 独自一人
16. play sports =do exercise 做运动
Unit 5 Topic 3 Section A
1. 电话用语：Who’s that?/This is XX speaking./Is that XX speaking? May I speak to XX?
2. sound +形容词 系表结构 听起来怎样
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3. make sb. do sth.让某人做某事 make sb.+形容词/名词 让某人怎样
calm down 冷静下来 listen to me 听我说 I can’t hear you. 4. How long/How often/How soon 的区别
How long 多久 （表示一段时间） 用for回答
How often 多久一次（表频率）用once/twice/three times a day等回答 How soon 多久（只用于将来时） 用in来回答。
5. be sorry about sth./be sorry to do sth./ be sorry of doing sth./be sorry that+句子 对…感到抱歉
去医院 go to the hospital see a doctor 看医生 住院 in hospital 在医院工作 in the hospital
6. be afraid to do sth./ be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事 be afraid that+句子 Don’t be afraid! 不要害怕！ Be brave！ 勇敢点！
7. follow the doctor’s advice 听从医生的建议 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 8. 身体好起来 get /feel well （形容词）
9. I hope so.我希望如此。 hope （not）to do sth. 希望(不)做某事I hope that+句子 hope 希望 wishes 祝福/祝愿 19.worry about/be worried about 担心
1. give a/the speech 做演讲 speak in public 在公共场合下演讲 2. instead of doing sth. 代替做某事 take the place of 代替 3. have to do sth. 不得不做某事
4. take good care of oneself 好好照顾某人自己=look after oneself= care for sb.照顾（某人）
5. Thanks a lot!=Thank you very much. 非常感谢！ 形容词：thankful 充满感激的=grateful
SectionB
1. be happy for sb./be happy about sth./be happy to do sth. 2. 感到好很多 feel much better 康复 get well 影响我们的心情 affect our feelings
3. for example，+句子=such as +名词/动名词=like+名词/动名词 例如 4. get along well with sb. 与…相处融洽
5. stay in a good/bad mood 处于一种好/坏心情 =stay in good/bad spirits
6. be good/bad for…对…有好处/坏处 be good at doing sth. 擅长做某事 be good to sb. 对…很好
give sb.a surprise 给某人一个惊喜 surprised/ surprising 7. put on 上演 put up 举手/张贴 put them away 把…收好 8. just as 正如
9. prepare for sth. 为某事做准备 prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备某事be ready for sth./be ready to do sth. 为某事做准备 prepare to do sth. 10. 别担心！Don’t worry! 别害怕！Don’t be afraid!
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别紧张！Take it easy!/Don’t be nervous! 冷静！Calm down! 放松自己！Relax yourself! 一切都会好起来的！It’ll be all right！ 19.幸福happiness 悲伤 sadness
20.在回家路上 on the way home on the way to school 在上学路上 21.躺在路上 lie on the road lie-lying
22.生病住院 ill in hospital 卧病在床 ill in bed 23.look for 寻找 find-found 找到
Section C
1. hang in the sky 在天上悬挂
2. 在中秋节 on Mid-autumn Festival 3. 与某人在一起 get together with sb. 4. fill with tears 充满泪水
5. at night 在晚上 同义：in the evening
6. too…to…太…而不能 too+形容词+to +动词原形 7. 入睡 fall asleep sleepy 困倦的 8. hope to do sth. 希望做某事 9. some day=one day 某一天
10. 有悲伤的情绪 have sad thoughts 11. 阳光明媚 The sun shines brightly.
12. 让我感到平静 make me feel calm(形容词) 13. 给我更多的能量 give me more energy
14. Wearing red often makes me active. (动词作主语+ing) 15. 让我笑/哭/生气/焦虑/伤心/紧张/开心/兴奋/休闲
make melaugh/ cry /angry /worried/sad/nervous/happy/excited/relaxed SectionD
1. around us 在我们身边
2. It’s important for us to do sth. 对我们来说做某事是重要的。 3. learn to do sth. 学着去做某事 learn from sb. 4. 照顾我们自己 take good care of ourselves
5. remember to do sth. 记得去做某事 remember doing sth. 记得曾经做过某事 反义词： forget 忘记
6. 吃健康的食物 eat healthy food 7. 睡得好 sleep well
8. get help from sb. 从某人那里得到帮助 9. 仔细考虑 think it over
10. 作一个重要的决定 make an important decision 11. 幸福感a sense of happine
Unit 6 Enjoying Cycling
Topic 1 I have some exciting news to tell you
一、重点短语：
1 go on 继续 go on a spring field trip 继续去春游
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go on a visit / trip to …=have a visit /trip to …
2 decide on 致力于 decide to do sth 决定做某事 make a decision 决定
3 My pleasure. = It’s a / my pleasure. 我很乐意
4 Have a good trip. 玩得愉快 Have a good / wonderful time. 5 see the sunrise 看日出
6 raise money 筹集钱 make money 赚钱 save money节省钱
7 book / order sth for sb 为某人预定、、、 8 pay for 付、、、的钱
10 plan to do sth 计划做某事
11 work out 解决 work it / them out 12 the cost of 、、、 、、、的花费 the price of 、、、的价格 13 come up with 提出，想出
14 look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事
15 hear from …= get / receive a letter from 收到、、、来信 … 16 in the day / daytime 在白天
at night 在晚上 in the evening 在晚上 17 place of interest 有趣的地方
二、知识点
Section A知识点
1、I have some exciting news to tell you!
to tell you 是动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词news. 和news间是动宾关系。如果该动词是vi，则不要漏掉后面的尾巴—介词。 如：I have nothing to talk about. 考题链接：
If people keep cutting down the forest, they will have nowhere ____. A. to live B. to live in C. to go D. to go to
2、For our spring field trip, we’re going on a three-day visit to Mount Tai. ① go on a visit to “去….参观/旅行”
类似的搭配：go on a trip 去旅行 go on a picnic 去野餐 ② a three-day visit to Mount Tai “去泰山三日游”
three-day 是个复合形容词，由“基数词+连字符+名词单数”形式构成。可位于名词前作定语。
如： a 13-year-old boy 一个13岁的男孩 an 18-kilometer river 一条18公里长的河 考题链接：
1、 --Why not ask Zhao Yu to play soccer with us?
--He has ____ grandmother. He has to stay at home to care for her. A. an eighteen-year-old B. a eighty-year-old
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C. an eighty-years-old D.an eighty-year-old
2、-From this year on, we begin to enjoy a ____ National Day each year . --Sounds great!
A. Seven day’s B. seven days C. seven-days D. seven-day 3、Let’s find out some information about the cost. ①find out “查明，发现，弄清（情况）” 【辨析】find out，find，look for
1) find out 多指调查询问，研究后“搞清楚，弄明白” 2) find 强调找的结果
如：I can’t find my shoes. 3) look for 指寻找，强调动作 如： I’m looking for my wallet. 考题链接：
①--Could you tell me some information about the 9th China(Beijing) International Garden Expo?
--I’m sorry I know little about it. Let’s ___ some information on the Internet. A. pay for B. put on C. find out D. decide on
②The students didn’t find much______ about the topic on the wensite.(2013上海)
A. report B. article C. information D. story
4、Bring your information tomorrow and we’ll decide on the best travel on your field trip.
①decide on/upon 决定，选定
decide to do sth “决定做某事”=make a decision to do sth 否定形式：decide not to do sth 决定(不)做某事 ②the best way to do…… “做….的做好方式” 这里的to do 作定语修饰the way
如：The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers. 考题链接：
Miss Wang asked us to ______ ________(决定)the place to go. Section B知识点
5、Kangkang is booking train tickets to Mount Tai. 此处book为动词，“订票，预约”
book a room for sb/sth=order a room for sb/sth 考题链接：
--What about going to see the sunrise in Mount Tai. --Sounds exciting! I’ll ______ a room at once. A. buy B. book C. sell D. decide
6、May I have your name and telephone number, please?
May I have….“可以…吗？”是一种委婉表达请求的交际用语。 如：May I have a book, please? 可以给我拿本书吗？ 7、A standard room with two single beds costs ￥100 and a room with one single bed costs ￥80.
with two single beds 中的with “带有”反义词是without
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考题链接：
① --Kelly, who’s the girl_____ glasses in the photo?
--It’s me. I used to wear glasses and have long hair.(2013广东) A. by B. of C.on D. with
② --I bought a house____three bedrooms and living rooms last year. --That’s great.
A. for B. of C. with D. without
Section C知识点
8、It’s very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools.
①raise 是及物动词“筹集”，还表“举起；使升高”，一般指把某物从低处抬高到高处。如：
She raised her hand. 她举起了她的手。
rise 是不及物动词“升起，上涨”，一般指事物本身由低处移到高处。 如：The sun rises in the east. 太远从东方升起。 ② common “常见的；共同的” 考题链接：
① They have a c______ interest in dancing. They often dance together in the park.
② Nowadays it is very _____ to shop online.
A. proper B. single C. common D. proud
9、It costs each student one dollar to buy a ticket for the draw. 1) spend/cost/pay/take表示“花费”的用法
1).人+spend/spent+时间/金钱+ on sth. 某人在某事上花时间/金钱。 人+spend/spent +时间/金钱+( in) doing sth. 某人花时间/金钱做某事。 I spent 2 hours (in) seeing a movie =
2).人+pay/paid+金钱+for+sth. 某人为某东西花钱。 人+pay/paid for+sth. 某人为某东西付款。 3).物/事+cost sb.+金钱 什么东西花了我多少钱。
4）It takes/took sb.+时间+to do sth. 做什么事情花了某人多长时间。 我花了380元买了一张去北京的火车票。 ? ①. (pay) ___ I paid ￥380 for a train ticket to Beijing. ? ②. (cost) ___ It cost me ￥380 to buy a train ticket to Beijing. ? ③.(spend) ___I spent ￥380 buying / on a train ticket to Beijing. 考题链接：
① --Did you have a good holiday?
--Yes. It _____ us five days_____ Mount Wuyi. We enjoyed ourselves. A. cost; for B. took; to C. spent; on D. paid; for ②--_______ --The coat is ￥200.
A. What’s the price of the coat? B.What’s the number? C.What does it cost?
D. How much do you pay?
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③--I’m sorry I lost the book of the library.What can I do? --I’m afraid you have to ____ 10 yuan for it. A. spend B.pay C. cost D. take
④--How long did it take to get to the top of Mount Huang? --It took us about 3 hours________ there. A. get B. gets C. getting D. to get ⑤I _____ ￥100 booking a room with one single bed. A. spend B.cost C. pay for D. take ⑥ --The model ship is wonderful.
--It _____me two days to make it.(2012长沙) A. took B. cost C.spent
10、I’m looking forward to hearing from you. 1) look forward to “期待，盼望”
常见搭配： look forward to sth/doing sth 常用于现在进行时中。 2）hear from “收到….的来信”
如：He heard from his friend yesterday. =He got a letter from his friend yesterday. 考题链接：
① Mike is looking forward to _______ to China. He wants to visit Beijing. A. coming B. come C. comes D. came ② --What are you doing?
--I’m writing to my cousin. He moved to America two weeks ago. He must be ______ receiving my e-mail.
A. listening to B. looking forward to C. hoping to D. liking to ③--Did you_____ your father?
--No, I didn’t. But he phoned me yesterday from the US. A. hear B. hear of C. hear about D. hear from Section D 知识点
11、On the third day of our trip, we climbed Mount Fuji. On the third day of….在具体某一天用介词on
如：on the morning of March 10th 在三月十日的上午 on a cold evening 在一个寒冷的晚上 考题链接：
①--When was the Shenzhou X sent up into space (太空)？ --_____the evening of June 11th. A. at B. In C. On D. BY
②____ the morning of September 8th , many visitors arrived ______ the train station for a tour.(2013 乌鲁木齐)
A. In, at B, On, to C. In, in D. On, at
12、I was so excited that I didn’t feel cold at all. so+ adj / adv +that从句“如此….以至于…” 考题链接：
The movie is ______fantastic that I want to watch it again. A. very B. quite C. so D. too
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三、重点语法——动词不定式
1、 不定式的肯定形式由“to+动词原形”构成。
否定形式“not to+动词原形”。
2、 to只是不定式的一个符号，没有任何实际意义。
3、 不定式可以作除谓语以外的其他句子成分，如主语，宾语，表语，
定语，状语，宾补。
1)作主语, 常用it（形式主语）代替, 不定式放在后面做真正主语. It is hard to say. 很难说。
It is important to learn English well. 学好英语非常重要。 注：①如果要说明动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可在不定式前加一个for sb作它的逻辑主语。
如：It’s difficult for us to finish the work.
②如果表语是kind, nice, right, wrong,good,clever等表人的性格，品质等形容词，则加of.
如:It’s very kind of you to help me.=You are kind to help me. 2)作表语, 常用在系动词之后.
Your group’s task is to find out the cost to go by train. 你小组的任务是去弄清搭火车的费用。 She seems to be happy. 她似乎很快乐。
4)作宾语, 常用在want; like; hope; begin; try; forget; learn; plan; decide; need 等及物动词后,构成动宾结构。如:
I want to buy some books. 我想去买一些书。
She likes to join the English Club. 她喜欢加入英语俱乐部。 提示：跟动词不定式作宾语的动词有:
? 想预订房间 want to book a room ? 决定去春游 decide to go on a spring field trip ? 计划骑车去那儿 plan to cycle there ? 选择乘火车 choose to take a train ? 希望玩得愉快 hope to have a good time ? 拒绝与别人说话 refuse to talk with others 5)作宾补，①跟动词不定式作宾补的动词: v. + sb. (not ) to do sth. 告诉tell 鼓励 encourage 命令order 使 get 想要want / would like 邀请 invite 教teach 要求 ask
②跟动词不定式作宾补的动词（ v. + sb. (not ) do sth.）--to省略 “听、观、使、让、帮”---- hear, see, watch, make, let, help 但是help也可用help sb. to do sth. 的结构 如: 我看见他几乎每天都打篮球。
I see him play basketball almost every day. 老板强迫工人整天干活。
The boss makes the workers work all day. 6)作定语，常用在被修饰的名词/代词之后。
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I have some exciting news to tell you. 我有一些令人激动的消息告诉你。 He wants to find a chair to sit on. 他想找把椅子坐。
下列动词常接动词不定式作定语：chance, time, wish, way, the first, the only, the second, the last, promise等。
如：He has no time to see the film. 7) 动词不定式作目的状语: ① 我要去北京看长城。
I want to go to Beijing to visit the Great Wall. ② 为了赶上早班车，他每天很早起床。 He gets up early to catch the early bus every day. ③ 他们决定上网以获取更多的信息。
They decided to search the Internet to get more information. 考题链接：
① Tom decided ______ for a walk in the forest.(2012南宁) A. go B. to go C. going D. goes ② --Michael, my new iphone5 doesn’t work. --Why not ask Mr.Liu _____ it? (2013泉州) A. repair B. to repair C. repairing ③--I didn’t hear you come in just now.
--That’s good. We tried _____any noise, for you were sleeping. (2013广东)
A. not make B. not to make C. to make D. making ④ --Do you know Nei Arstrong?
--Yes, he is the first man _________on the moon. A. walk B. walks C. walked D. to walk
⑤ The doctor told Ann _______ too much meat, because she is a little heavy.
A. to eat B. to not eat C. not to eat D. not eat
⑥ The old man didn’t know ________when the house caught fire.
A. what to do B. what to do it C. how to do D. how to do it
Unit 6 Enjoying Cycling
Topic 2 How about exploring Tian’anmen Square
一、常用词组
1 speak to 对某人说话
2 be busy doing sth 忙着做某事
3 ride one’s bicycle to = cycle to 骑自行车去、、、
4 would like sb to do sth = want sb to do sth 想要做某事 5 two and a half hours = two hours and a half 两个半小时 6 in the …of 在、、、里 on the …of 在、、边上 to the …of相隔
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7 be surprised at sth 对某事吃惊 be surprised to do sth
to one’s surprise
8 in different directions在不同的方向 in all directions 在所有方向 9 step on one’s feet 10 rush out of 冲出 11 ride to 骑自行车去 12 be famous for 因、、而出名 be famous as 作为、、出名 13 can’t / couldn’t help doing 禁不住做某事 14 here and there = every where 到处 15 thank goodness 谢天谢地
16 have fun doing sth 做某事很有趣；
二、知识点
Section A知识点
1、 While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams. 你在愉快地游玩的时候，我正忙着准备考试。 （1）、while在此引导时间状语从句，表示持续性的动作或状态，只与延续性动词连用，侧重表示主句和从句动作同时发生，有对比的意味，常用现在进行时或过去进行时。如：
I was doing my homework while mom was cooking. 妈妈做饭时，我在做作业。 （2）、be busy doing sth “忙于做某事”
如：现在我正忙着做饭。______________________________________ （3）、prepare for （doing）sth “准备（做）某事” 考题链接：
① The boys are busy ____________ （prepare）for their football match. ② --What were you and your sister doing at this time yesterday, Lily? —I was doing my homework _________ she was watching TV. A. when B. while C. after D. before Section B知识点
2、 It’s 880 meters long from north to south and 500 meters wide from east to
west.
它南北长880米，东西宽500米。
基数词+长度单位+long/wide/high/deep “多少（米）长/宽/高/深”如： The desk is about 1.2 meters long. 这张课桌大约有1.2米长。 试比较以下两句话：
① The boy is 10 years old. 这个男孩10岁
② He is a 10-year-old boy.这是个10岁的男孩。 3、--How far is it from here to Tian’anmen Square? --It’s about one and a half hours by bike. --从这儿到天安门广场有多远？ --骑自行车大约一个半小时。 （1）、How far多远 →提问两地之间的距离。
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how long → 对时间段或长度的提问。如： ---How long does it take to get to your house? -- Twenty minutes. ---到你家需要多久？ ---20分钟 （2）、路程表达有两种方式 ① 用长度单位表达。如：
It’s 1000 kilometers away from Shanghai. 这儿离上海由1000千米。 ②用时间表达。如：
It’s about twenty minutes’ walk from my home to my school.从我家到学校步行大约需要20分钟。 （3）、one and a half hours “一个半小时”= one hour and a half 考题链接：
①--___________ is it from the village to your farm? --About 10 minutes’ walk. （2013广东）
A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How far ②--Is your home far from school?
--Not very far. It’s only five ________ walk.（2013丹东） A. minute’s B. minute C. minutes D. minutes’ ③--How far is your home from our school? --It’s about _________.
A. ten minutes walk B. ten minute walk C. ten minutes’ walk D. ten minute’s walk
④--How far is it from the Military Museum to Tian’anmen Square? --______________
A. It’s about two kilometers away. B. It’s about 20 minutes’ walk. C. It’s a 20-minute-walk. D. All of above
4 The chairman Mao Memorial Hall lies to the southeast of the Great Hall of the People while it lies to the southwest of the National Museum.
毛主席纪念堂位于人民大会堂东南端，国家博物馆西南。 （1）、lie在此意思“位于”，其动名词形式为lying，过去式为lay. lie还可以表示“躺，平卧”如： There was a child lying on the ground. 地上躺着一个小孩。 （2）、lie/be to the+方位词+of…. 指“互不接壤且不管辖的两个地区” Japan lies/is to the east of China. 日本位于中国东面。 lie/be in the+方位词+of…. 指“在某一个范围之内的地区” China lies/is in the east if Asia.中国位于亚洲东部。
lie/be on the+方位词+of…. 指“互想接壤但互不管辖的两个地区” North Korea is on the northeast of China.朝鲜在中国的东北面。 考题链接：
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① ②
Beijing is in the n___________ of China.
Diaoyu Island is ______ the southeast of China.
A. at B. in C.to D. on ③ North Korea lies_______ the northeast of China, while Japan lies________ the east of Chian. A. to; to B. in; to C. on; on D. on; to ④ --Where is Russia? --___________
A. It’s in Asia. B. It lies on the north of China. C. It’s to the north of China. D. It lies to the northeast of China.
⑤ --Wher is Henan? --It’s ________ the north of Hubei. A. in B. to C. on D. of SectionC知识点
5、The parking lot was full of tour buses, cars and bicycles, so they had to look for space to park their bicycles. 停车场停满了旅游大巴，小车和自行车，因此天安门不得不寻找停自行车的地方。
space “空间；太空；空地”，为不可数名词。 room作不可数名词时表“空间”=space如：
There isn’t much room/space here. 这里没有什么空闲的地方了。
6、While the crowd was pushing Darren in all directions, someone stepped on his feet.当人群从四面八方挤来时，有人踩了达伦的脚。 （1）、step on sth 踏，踩某物
step on sb’s feet踩了某人的脚
step还可以作名词，表示“步伐”如：
He walked with a quick light step. 他迈着轻快的步子走着。 （2）、push “推”反义词为pull “拉” （3）、direction “方向，方位”，常和in搭配。 in all direction四面八方 in the direction of朝…方向
in one’s direction朝着某人的方向 6、When Darren finally pushed his way out, he couldn’t find his friends.当达伦最终挤出人群的时候，他找不到他的两个朋友了。 push one’s way “挤出去”
7、He was too worried to think about what to do.他太着急了以至于想不出该怎么办。
too+adj+ to do sth “太…以至于不能做某事”如： The girl is too young to look after herself.
=The girl isn’t old enough to look after herself. 这个女孩太小了而照顾不了自己。 考题链接：
Kangkang was__________ excited_______________ say a word.
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A. too;to B. so; that C. such; that D. /; that
8、They were very cute and we couldn’t help watching them.它们太可爱了，我们都忍不住观看起它们来。
can’t help doing sth “禁不住/忍不住做某事” 链接：help sb (to) do sth “帮助某人做某事” help sb with sth 帮助某人某事 考题链接：
It was such a funny show that people couldn’t help ___________ again and again.（2012福州）
A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing
9、 His heart was beating fast. 他的心跳得很快。 beat在此处为“跳动，敲打”表示连续不断的动作。
还可表示“打败（某人）”，搭配为beat sb (at) sth “在（某事）中打败某人”如： He beat me at chess. 他下棋赢了我。 考题链接：
He __________ me at chess and I felt my heart ______________ fast at that time because I never lost before.
A. won, beat B. beat, won C. won, won D. beat , beat
10、While we were having fun exploring, I found that Darren was lost. 当我们兴致勃勃地考察时，我发现达伦不见了。 have fun(in) doing sth “从某事中获得乐趣” 考题链接：
--Where are Joe and Weijie?
-- They are having fun ____________ in the river. A. swim B. to swim C .swimming D. swims 三、重点语法 （一）、时间状语从句的连接词类型
11、 He didn’t raise his head until someone called him.直到有人喊他，他才抬起头来。(section C)
not…..until “直到….才…..”主句的谓语动词常用短暂性动词。 until“直到….为止” 主句的谓语动词常用延续性动词。如： I will stay here until the rain stopped.
= I won’t leave here until the rain stopped. 我会等到雨停了才离开这里。 考题链接：
①I didn’t believe he could drive ___________ he told me.（2012重庆） A． once B. while C. since D. until ②--Shall we get off the bus here?
--Yes. But we won’t get off ____________it stops.（2013荆州） A. when B. until C. while D. after
③We didn’t leave the supermarket ____________ the rain stopped. A. after B. unless C. until D. while
12、①Would you help me male a plan to explore Beijing before he comes?（Section A）
在他来之前，你能帮助我制订一个考察北京的计划吗？
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②As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped around happily. （Section C）
三个男孩一见面，就高兴得跳了起来。
before “在…之前”。引导的从句表示：主句动作发生在从句动作之前。
before反义词是after“在…之后”。引导的从句表示：主句动作发生在从句动作之后。
as soon as “一……就”。引导的从句表示：从句动作一发生，主句动作随即就发生。如：
I went to sleep after I finished my homework. =I finished my homework before I went to sleep.
=I didn’t go to sleep until I finished my homework. 我做完作业才睡觉。
As soon as the bell rings，the students will go into the classroom.铃声一响，学生就会进教室。 考题链接：
①_______they heard the news, they all jumped around happily. A. Even though B. Because C. Before D. As soon as
②Medical workers were sent to Ya’an soon _______________ the earthquake happened. （2013佛山） A. after B. before C. until
③I will telephone you ____________ I get home. A. until B. while C. as D. as soon as
④You had better think it over_____________ you make a decision. A. as B. while C. before D. after
⑤_____________ I finished my homework , I helped mom to cook. A. After B. Before C. As D. While
13、①I’d like you to meet him with me when he arrives. （Section A） 当他来的时候，我想让你去见见他。
②As they exploring happily, more and more people came to the square. （Section C）正当他们兴致勃勃地考察时，越来越多的人来到了广场。
③While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams. （Section A）
你在愉快地游玩的时候，我正忙着准备考试。
when, while , as都可引导时间状语从句，用法有所区别。 1）when“当…时”（相当于at that time），受限条件最少。
2）while表示持续性的动作或状态，只与延续性动词连用.常用进行时。
3）as “一边…一边”与延续性动词连用，表示主句和从句动作同时发生，强调伴随状态。如：
The students were talking in the classroom when the teacher came in.学生们在教室里谈话时，；老师进来了。
Don’t speak while you are eating.吃东西的时候别说话。 He jumps as he walks along . 他边走边跳。 （二）、时间状语从句要注意的时态
①当主句为一般过去时的时候，从句常用过去的某种时态。如：
While I was doing my homework, the telephone rang. 当我在做作业的时候，电
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话响了。
②当主句为一般将来时的时候，从句用一般现在时。即主将从现原则。如： I’ll call you as soon as I get to Beijing . 我一到北京，就会给你打电话。 考题链接：
① Henry will give us a report as soon as he ___________。（2013河北） A. arrives B. arrived C. is arriving D. will arrive ②--Joe, is it OK for you to go to Nanjing alone.
--No problem. I will call you as soon as I___________ there tomorrow. A. will get to B. get to C. will get D.get
③Millie _____________ a picture when Mr. Green came in. (2013徐州) A. draw B. will draw C. drew D. was drawing ④When he got home, his family ____________ supper. A. has B. was having C. were having D. have 三、易错题练习
1、We had great fun___________（explore） the National Museum yesterday. 2、The visitors are all__________（surprise）at the beautiful scenery(景象). 3、The man is so ____________（worry）about his son’s illness.
4、The children couldn’t help____________（talk）after the teacher went out.
Unit 6 Enjoying Cycling
Topic3Bicycle riding is good exercise
一、重点词汇
Complete the sentences with the proper forms of the words.
1. The environment is becoming worse and worse because of the _________ (
)
) got hurt in the traffic accident yesterday. )about toy cars.
) with him.
2. Two__________ (3. The boy is ________ (
4. Peter wanted to walk to the zoo, but Susan _________ (5. An accident can happen ________ (
) at any time.
二、常用词组
遵守交通规则______________________________________ 节约能源______________________________________ 停放自行车______________________________________
不同意某人的意见______________________________________ 习惯做某事______________________________________ 送某人去…______________________________________ 害怕做某事______________________________________ 一起交通事故______________________________________ 受伤______________________________________
造成空气污染______________________________________
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如果，万一_________________________________ 急救_________________________________ 注意_________________________________ 总之_________________________________
当心_________________________________ 安全守则_________________________________ 流入，注入_________________________________ 三、知识点
Section A知识点
1、When I first arrived, I was afraid of riding my bike anywhere. 当我刚开来时，在哪儿都不敢骑自行车。
①“anywhere”表示“任何地方”时，可用于肯定句。如：
An accident can happen anywhere. 任何地方都可能发生事故。
【链接】everywhere “到处，处处”=here and there常用于肯定句中。否定句和疑问句中的anywhere则来代替somewhere（某地）。如： He follows me everywhere. 我无论去哪他都跟着我。
Did you go anywhere interesting? 你去过什么有趣的地方吗？ 汉译英：
Jeff到处找他的钥匙，但哪儿(anywhere)都找不到。
______________________________________ ②be afraid of dong sth害怕做某事=be afraid to do sth 考题链接：
①There has never been such a beautiful village ______________.（2013杭州） A. anywhere B. everywhere C. somewhere D. nowhere
②The woman can’t find her son_____________，so she can’t help __________. A. anywhere; to cry B. somewhere; to cry C. anywhere; crying D. somewhere; crying ③He is afraid ______ out at night.
A. of go B. to going C. going D. of going 2、But now I feel a little more confident. 但现在感觉有点自信了。
a little more confident更自信一点 more confident是confident的比较级
a little.. “ …一点” much …“…得多”，两者都可以放在比较级前，表程度。如：This bag is much is much heavier than that one. 这个包比那个包重得多。 考题链接：
①--What do you think of our school? --Oh, it’s __________ than before.
A. very beautiful B. quite beautiful
C. more much beautiful D. much more beautiful
②If more people ride to work, there will be_____________ pollution. A. less B. fewer C. more D. much
3、Cycling can help us save energy and it doesn’t cause air pollution.
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骑自行车能帮助我们节约能源，并且不会造成空气污染。 ①save energy“节约能源”
类似搭配：save time“节约时间”; save money “省钱”如： We should turn off lights after school to save energy. 放学后，我们要关灯以节约能源。 【链接】save one’s life “救某人的命” ②air pollution “空气污染”
类似搭配：water pollution“水污染” noise pollution“噪音污染” 【拓展】pollute v“污染” 汉译英：
工厂和汽车导致空气污染。
______________________________________ Section B知识点
4、We should wear bicycle helmets when riding. 骑自行车的时候我们应该戴头盔。
此处when riding是“when we are riding”的省略形式。在以when，while，if等引导的状语从句中，若从句的主语与主句一致，且含有be，则可以省略从句的“主语+be”。如：
when (we are) crossing the street，we should be careful.
5、If we break the traffic rules, we may get a fine and even be in danger. 如果违反了交通规则，我们会受到惩罚，甚至会很危险。
①break（动词）“打破；违反” break the traffic rules “违反交通规则”反义词组为obey/follow the traffic rules “遵守交通规则”
break（名词) “停顿；休息” have/take a break “休息一下” ②fine (名词) “罚款”，（动词）“处以罚金”。 get a fine“被处以罚金” 如：
He got a heavy fine.他受到严重处罚。
③be in danger“处于危险中”=be dangerous “be in +名词”表示处于某种状态中，如： be in peace 处于和平中 be in trouble 处于困境中
be in good health 处于良好的身体状况中 考题链接：
①We are ______ trouble. Could you help us?
A. on B. with C. in D. for ②If we break the traffic lights, we may be in _____.
A. dangerous B. danger C. safe D. safety ③If a man breaks the traffic rules, he may __________. A. be the winner B.be pushed away C. get a fine D. be careless Section C知识点
6、The bicycle is one of the most important vehicles in the world. 自行车是世界上最重要的交通工具之一。
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one of +adj最高级+名词复数 “最…的…之一” 考题链接：
①The legend of phoenix（凤凰传奇）is one of ___________music groups in China. A. famous B. more famous C. the most famous D. much famous
②Mo Yan is one of the _____________ writers in the world now.（2013湘潭） A. famous B. more famous C. most famous
7、Bicycle riding can make riders’ hearts and lung strong. 骑自行车有助于强健骑车者的心肺。
①Bicycle riding在此时动名词作主语。如：
Doing eye exercise is good for your health.做眼保健操对你的眼睛有好处。 ②make sb/sth+adj“使某人（某物）…” 如: Drinking milk makes your body healthy. 喝牛奶使你的身体健康。
8、The bicycle riders must pay attention to the traffic around them. 骑车者必须注意周围的车辆。
pay attention to （doing）sth“注意（做）某事”，其中to为介词，后接doing。类似用法的短语：look forward to；be/get used to如： Pay attention to listening to the teacher when having classes. 上课时注意听讲。 考题链接： 考题链接：
①When you visit a museum, you should __________ the instruction(指示) and don’t be against them.（2013呼和浩特）
A. compare with B. look forward to C. pay attention to D. try out ②You should ___________ your health, or you may get sick. A. look out B. work out C. think over D. pay attention to ③Everyone should pay attention to _____________ what he/she said. A. follow B. follows C. followed D. following
9、In case of an accident, bicycle riders should know how to give first aid. 万一发生事故，骑车者应该懂得如何进行急救。 ①in case of“如果，万一”，后接名词或doing短语。 ②give first aid “进行急救”如：
Doctors gave first aid to the child in time and he was saved.医生们对孩子及时施以急救，孩子得救了。 考题链接：
_________traffic accident, please call 122.
A. In case B. In case of C. In any case D. in that case 10、In a word, the best way to be safe is to be careful. 总之，保持安全的最好方法就是小心谨慎。 ①in a word=in short “总之”
②the (best)way to do sth “做某事的（最好）方式”如： The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers. The fastest way to travel to Yunnan is by plane. 去云南旅游，最快的方式就是乘飞机。
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考题链接：
__________， students should finish homework first.
A. In any words B. In a word C. In any space D. In the end Section D知识点
11、Qinghai Lake, the largest salt-water lake in China, lends its name to the province of Qinghai.
青海湖是中国最大的盐水湖，以青海省命名。 A lend A’s name to B “A以B的名字命名A”
12、Today the race covers around 2000 miles. There are 21 timed stages over three weeks.
如今，自行车赛的路程长达2000英里。有21个计时赛段，历时3周多。 Cover此处为（动词）“包含”，还有“覆盖，遮盖”。 常见搭配： cover A (with/in B) “用B覆盖A” A be covered with B“A被B覆盖着”如：
The roads were covered with snow. 路上覆盖着雪。 12、The roads are very difficult to ride on. =It’s very difficult to ride on the road. 道路很难骑。 类似表达：
It’s comfortable to live in the house. =The house is comfortable to live in.
四、情景交际用语：表示同意和不同意的用语 I disagree with you.
“disagree with sb” 意为“不同意某人”，是agree with s=b的反义短语。 考题链接：
①--I think collecting stamps is great fun.
--____________ We can also learn a lot from it.（2013漳州） A. I agree with you. B. No, I don’t think so. C. No, I don’t like it.
②--I like eating vegetables and fruits. --____________They are good for our health.
A.I agree B. Me, too C. I don’t agree. D. It’s me.
③--I think students should have mobile phones to call their parents. --_________________ They often use them to play games instead. A. I hope so. B. I don’t agree. C. No problem. D. Good idea.
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④--It’s too hot. Why don’t we go swimming in the river? --_______________
A. Good idea. B. Yes, please. C. I’m afraid it’s dangerous for us. D. No, I don’t.
⑤--The summer holiday is on the way.We’ll have more freedom. --_____________. But we should learn to manage ourselves.(2013山西) A. I’d love to B. I agree with you C. I’m afraid I won’t 五、重点语法：条件状语从句
表示主句动作发生的条件,由if（如果），as long as（只要），unless（除非）等引导。主要有以下3种情况：
1、主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时（主将从现原则）。如： I won’t go if he doesn’t go. 如果他不去，我就不会去。
We won’t pass the exam unless we study hard.除非努力学习，我们才会通过考试。 2、主句用情态动词must, may, should, can等引导，从句用一般现在时。如： If we break the traffic rules, we may get a fine and even be in danger. 如果违反了交通规则，我们会受到惩罚，甚至会很危险。
3、“祈使句+and/or引导的简单句”。祈使句在意义上相当于条件状语从句。如： Hurry up, or you will be late.
=If you don’t hurry up , you will be late. 快点，否则你会迟到。
Study hard and you can catch up with others. =If you study hard, you can catch up with others. 努力学习，你就会赶上别的同学。 考题链接：
①I don’t know if he___________ tomorrow. If he _____________， we’ll climb the mountain.(2013牡丹江)
A. comes, comes B. comes. will come C. will come, comes
②Your handwriting will certainly improve __________ you practice it every day.（2013大连）
A. though B. before C. if D. until
③If he_____________ the early bus, he____________ there on time. A. catches, will get B. will catch , will get C. will catch, gets D. catches, gets
③If it is fine, the school sports meet______________ two days. A. last B. lasts C. lasted D. will last
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④We should make sure who it is _________ someone knocks at the door in dark. A. whether B. while C. as D. if
⑤--Shall we play basketball on the playground this Saturday afternoon? -- We’ll go if it_________.
A. rains B. will rain C. doesn’t rain D. won’t rain ⑥--Lucy, what about going camping if it__________ tomorrow? --Sounds great! (2012衡阳)
A. didn’t rain B. doesn’t rain C. won’t rain
⑦If there ____________ no buying and selling of animals, there_____________ no killing in nature.(2012青海)
A. is ; will be B. will be; will be C. is; is D. will be ; is ⑧- Will Amy go to the party tomorrow? --If you don’t, ____________.
A. she will, too B. she won’t ,either C. she does, too D. she doesn’t, either
⑨The radio says there______________ rain tomorrow. A. is B. have C. will be D. will have 六、易错题练习
1、用所给词的恰当形式填空。
1) He may come here if he (have) time next Sunday. 2) If you break the rules, you (get) a fine.
3) Our teachers often tell us not to be (care) in the exams. 4) I found a book on the ground when (walk) in the street. 5) Why don’t we to the park swimming? (go) 6)If it __________ (not rain) tomorrow, we _________ (go) hiking. 7)He ________ (pass) the exam if he ______ (work) harder at it.
8)If everyone _________ (obey) the traffic rules, the roads _________ (be) safer. 9)It’s important for us ________ (know) about traffic rules. 2、汉译英：
1) 如果我们违反交通规则，我们将会受罚甚至会有危险。 _____________________________________________________________ 2) 如果在大街上骑车，你必须要小心。
_____________________________________________________________ 3)如果发生事故，你可能会受伤。
_____________________________________________________________
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