基于排队论的超市收银系统优化毕业论文

毕 业 论 文

题 目： 基于排队论的超市收银系统优化

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2015年 6 月 5 日

毕业论文中文摘要

基于排队论的超市收银系统优化 摘要： 二十一世纪以来，大型超市取代了传统的生活用品销售模式走进了我们的生活，给我们带来了极大的便利。但是由于我国超市行业发展还不够成熟，种种原因造成了超市排队拥挤现象，常常会出现顾客队列过长或收银台空闲等很多问题，因此对大型超市收银服务系统进行排队优化，合理设置收银台具有重大的实际意义。 本文针对JX超市御景蓝湾店的收银排队服务系统进行改进优化。首先对排队论等相关理论知识进行了介绍，对多服务台等待的M/M/n/∞/∞排队论模型进行了描述。其次调研了JX超市顾客到达时间和顾客服务时间的数据，并对原始数据带入排队论模型进行分析，计算出了所需的目标参数，确定了工作日和节假日各时段JX超市开放收银台的最佳数量。然后运用仿真模拟软件Flexsim 对收银排队服务系统进行了仿真模拟论证了优化出的收银台开放数量的可行性。并且在此基础上对收银的基本流程进行了优化，并且改进了收银台周边物品摆放不合理的问题，最后对JX超市提出了发展意见。 关键词： 超市收银 排队论 仿真 优化

毕业论文外文摘要

Title Supermarket cashier system optimization based on queuing theory Abstract The 21st century, large supermarket replaced the traditional life supplies sales model walked into our life, brings us great convenience. But because of China's supermarket industry development is not mature enough, a variety of reasons caused the supermarket line crowded phenomenon, often there will be a customer queue is too long or spare time a lot of problems. Aiming at JX royal blue bay scene store supermarket cashier line up to improve the service system optimization. First, the queuing theory and related theory knowledge, the more the front desk waiting for M/M/n/up/up queuing theory model are described. Secondly research for JX supermarket customer arrival time and customer service time of data, and analyze the raw data into the queuing theory model, calculate the required target parameter, in each period to determine the working days and holidays the optimal number of JX supermarket open the cash register. Then using the simulation software Flexsim cashier line service system for the simulation demonstrate the feasibility of optimization of open the register number. And on this basis, the basic process of cashier is optimized, the last of JX supermarket development Suggestions are put forward. Keywords：Supermarket cashier Queuing theory Simulation Sptimization

目 录

1 绪论 .................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 研究背景 .................................................................................................................................... 1

1.2 研究目的和意义 ........................................................................................................................ 1

1.2.1 研究目的 ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.2.2 研究意义 ........................................................................................................................ 2 1.3国内外研究现状 ......................................................................................................................... 2

1.3.1 国外研究现状 ................................................................................................................ 2 1.3.2 国内研究现状 ................................................................................................................ 2 1.4论文结构 ..................................................................................................................................... 3

2 文献综述 ............................................................................................................................ 4

2.1 排队 ............................................................................................................................................ 4

2.1.1 排队论 ............................................................................................................................ 4 2.1.2 排队系统 ........................................................................................................................ 4 2.1.3 排队系统的基本概念及符号表示 ................................................................................ 6 2.1.4排队系统的常用分布 ..................................................................................................... 7 2.1.5多服务台排队模型 ......................................................................................................... 8 2.2 排队问题的仿真 ........................................................................................................................ 8

2.2.1 离散事件系统仿真 ........................................................................................................ 8 2.2.2 Flexsim 软件介绍 ........................................................................................................ 9 2.2.3 Flexsim软件可以解决的问题 ..................................................................................... 9 2.3 5W1H和ECES技术 ................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

3 超市收银排队模型的建立 .............................................................................................. 10

3.1 现状描述及模型假设 .............................................................................................................. 10

3.1.1 JX 超市现状描述 ........................................................................................................ 10 3.1.2 模型假设 ...................................................................................................................... 10 3.2 数据采集 .................................................................................................................................. 11 3.2.1 原始数据 .............................................................................................................................. 11

3.2.2 顾客到达情况研究 ...................................................................................................... 12 3.2.3 顾客服务时间研究 ...................................................................................................... 14 3.2.4 超市收银系统排队模型 .............................................................................................. 14 3.2.5 指标计算 ...................................................................................................................... 15 3.2.5 JX超市各时段收银台数目优化 ................................................................................. 15

4 收银排队优化结果仿真 .................................................................................................. 19

5 其他优化建议 .................................................................................................................. 21

5.1 收银流程优化 .......................................................................................................................... 21

5.2 收银台周边布局改进 .............................................................................................................. 24 5.3对JX超市的发展建议 ........................................................................................................... 25