大学体验英语视听说教程2 Home Listening
Unit 1
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International business is a term used to collectively describe all commercial transactions (private and governmental, sales, investments, logistics, and transportation) that take place between two or more nations. Usually, private companies 1) __undertake____ such transactions for profit; governments for profit and for political reasons. It refers to all business activities which involve cross 2) border____ transactions of goods, services and resources between two or more nations. Transaction of economic resources include capital, skills, people, etc. for international production of physical goods, and services such as finance, banking, 3) ___ insurance construction, etc.
The increase in international business and in foreign 4) investment___has created a need for executives with knowledge of foreign languages and skills in cross-cultural communication. Americans, however, have not been well trained in either area and, consequently, have not enjoyed the same level of success in 5) _negotiation__ in an international arena as their foreign counterparts. Negotiating is the process of communicating back and forth for the purpose of reaching an agreement. It involves persuasion and compromise, but in order to 6) ___participate___in either one, the negotiators must understand the ways in which people are persuaded and how compromise is reached within the culture of the negotiation.
In studies of American negotiators abroad, several traits have been 7 identified that undermine the negotiator’s position, two of which, in particular, are directness and 8) impatience . Furthermore, American negotiators often insist on realizing short-term goals. Foreign negotiators, on the other hand, may value the relationship established between negotiators and may be willing to invest time in it for long-term benefits.9) In order to solidify the relationship, they may choose indirect interactions
Clearly, perceptions and differences in values affect the outcomes of negotiations and the success of negotiators. 10) without regard for the time involved in getting to know the other negotiator. For Americans to play a more effective role in international business negotiations, they must put forth more effort to improve cross-cultural understanding.
Unit 2
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Today’s leading Chinese brands must learn how to create and manage their brand value on a global scale. It is time for them to re-think their global brand 1) _ strategy, and follow the best practices of the world’s most powerful multi-national brands. While we are still several years away from a Chinese brand appearing on Interbrand’s Best Global Brands, the lessons from the 2) __annual 第2页
大学体验英语视听说教程2 Home Listening
ranking are clear — great brands know their strengths and weaknesses and plot effective strategies to 3)___ sustainand improve their value in the future. With the downturn of the global economy, the transformation of the “Made in China” label and the acceptance of Chinese brands overseas can not be made 4) _overnight The first challenge is to improve the quality and safety of all Chinese products. The definition and enforcement of strict 5) standards and the active engagement in environmental protection is a social responsibility for any global player, and a pre-requisite for changing consumer 6) __perceptions overseas.
The Chinese government can play a very special role in these difficult times. Leadership means taking short term actions to spur 7) _domestic demand and enhance the competitiveness of exports. But leadership also means creating a national agenda — like 8)_____ innovation _in Japan, design in Korea or engineering in Germany — that serves as a guiding light for Chinese companies eager to make their brand mark on global markets. Now is the 9) ___critical moment for Chinesegovernment and business_Leaders to consider the next stage of growth.government and business leaders to consider the next stage of growth. This transformation must not only take place in areas such as technology, quality control and international cooperation, but in brand creation and brand management. Asian companies like Toyota, Sony, Samsung and Hyundai 10) ___which have already traveled the globalization path know that brand value is the key to unlocking shareholder value. Graduate unemployment has increased by 44% in 12 months and is now at its 1) highest in 12 years, according to research released today.
Some 7.9% of students who left university in 2008 were out of work in January, the Higher Education Careers Services Unit (HECSU) found, up from 5.5% the 2) ___previous year. HECSU warned the picture could be even worse for those graduating this year. The last time levels of 3)__joblessness__ were so high was in 1995–96.
The research found that 4) _recruitment_in the public sector bucked the downward graduate employment 5) _trend___, with the number of graduates entering 6) _healthcare teaching and social work increasing.
But 7) architecture and building graduates were hit particularly badly, 8) _reflecting the slump in the construction industry, with unemployment nearly tripling from 2.9% in 2007 to 8.5% for those who left in 2008. The proportion of civil engineering graduates without a job increased from 2.4% to 7%. 9) ___The proportion of graduates employed in business or financial work fell to 7.5%, compared with 8.7% the year before. And the number working as financial and investment advisers or mortgage consultants dropped 19%, with only 1,700 of the 220,065 graduates surveyed getting that kind of job, compared with 2,100 in 2007. 10) ___Among those who revealed how much they earned, the average salary was_￡19,677 — up 2% from 2007._. But Scotland saw a rise of 5.6%, to an average of ￡19,953 — higher than the ￡19,561 reported in the south-east, traditionally the highest-paid region after London.
Unit 3
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大学体验英语视听说教程2 Home Listening
Home Listening ．．．．．．．．．．．．．
Graduate unemployment has increased by 44% in 12 months and is now at its 1) highest in 12 years, according to research released today.
Some 7.9% of students who left university in 2008 were out of work in January, the Higher Education Careers Services Unit (HECSU) found, up from 5.5% the 2) previous year. HECSU warned the picture could be even worse for those graduating this year. The last time levels of 3)joblessness were so high was in 1995–96.
The research found that 4)recruitment in the public sector bucked the downward graduate employment 5) trend, with the number of graduates entering 6) healthcare ，teaching and social work increasing.
But 7) architecture and building graduates were hit particularly badly, 8) reflecting the slump in the construction industry, with unemployment nearly tripling from 2.9% in 2007 to 8.5% for those who left in 2008. The proportion of civil engineering graduates without a job increased from 2.4% to 7%.
9)The proportion of graduates employed in business or financial work fell to 7.5%, compared with 8.7% the year before. And the number working as financial and investment advisers or mortgage consultants dropped 19%, with only 1,700 of the 220,065 graduates surveyed getting that kind of job, compared with 2,100 in 2007.
10)Among those who revealed how much they earned, the average salary was_￡19,677 — up 2% from 2007. But Scotland saw a rise of 5.6%, to an average of ￡19,953 — higher than the ￡19,561 reported in the south-east, traditionally the highest-paid region after London.
Unit 4
Home Listening ．．．．．．．．．．．．．
The study, from Stanford University in the United States, makes gloomy
assessments about the future health of the world’s coral reefs. It finds that carbon
dioxide 1) __emissions_ are making seawater so acidic that coral reefs could begin to disintegrate within a few 2)__decades_. The report states that even ambitious plans to stabilize greenhouse gas emissions, thought by many to be the main 3) ____cause__ of a warming climate, will not be enough to save the reefs. About a third of carbon emissions is soaked up by the world’s oceans, where it 4) _combines__ with seawater to form carbonic acid.
The research comes as the Queensland state government in Australia 5) _announces__ a new plan to protect the Great Barrier Reef from 6) __agricultural pollution. The iconic reef is being damaged by pesticides and sediment from farms that seep into waterways. The Queensland government is to spend an 7) _extra_ $30,000,00 to reduce this hazardous run-off. Farmers also will face tougher 8)_environmental_regulations. Queensland Premier Anna Bligh says that man-made
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