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名词解释

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1.Allegory (寓言)

A tale in verse or prose in which characters, actions, or settings represent abstract ideas or moral qualities.

寓言,讽喻:一种文学、戏剧或绘画的艺术手法,其中人物和事件代表抽象的观点、原则或支配力。

2.Alliteration (头韵)

Alliteration is the repetition of the same initial consonant sound within a line or a group of words.

头韵:在一组词的开头或重读音节中对相同辅音或不同元音的重复。

3.Allusion (典故)

A reference to a person, a place, an event, or a literary work that a writer expects the reader to recognize and respond to.

典故:作者对某些读者熟悉并能够作出反映的特定人物,地点,事件,文学作品的引用。

4.Analogy (类比)

A comparison made between two things to show the similarities between them. 类比:为了在两个事物之间找出差别而进行的比较。

5. Antagonist (反面主角)

The principal character in opposition to the protagonist or hero or heroine of a narrative or drama.

反面主角:叙事文学或戏剧中与男女主人公或英雄相对立的主要人物。

6. Antithesis (对仗)

The balancing of two contrasting ideas, words, or sentences. 对仗:两组相对的思想,言辞,词句的平衡。

7. Aphorism (警句)

A concise, pointed statement expressing a wise or clever observation about life. 警句:蕴含关于人生真理的明智的看法的精练的语句。

8. Aside (旁白)

A piece of dialogue intended for the audience and supposedly not heard by other actors on stage.

旁白:只说给观众而认为不会让台上其他演员听到的一段对话。

9.Apostrophe (呼语)

The direct address of an absent or imaginary person or of a personified abstraction, especially as a digression in the course of a speech or composition. 呼语:直接称呼不在场或虚构的人物或称呼拟人的事物,尤指作为演讲或作文过程中的离题话。

10.Assonance (类韵)

The repetition of similar vowel sounds, especially in poetry. 类音,类韵:相同或相似元音的重复,尤其指在诗歌中的重复。

11.Atmosphere (氛围)

The prevailing mood or feeling of a literary work.

12. Autobiography (自传)

A person?s account of his or her own life.

13. Ballad (民谣)

A narrative poem, often of folk origin and intended to be sung.

14. Ballad Stanza (民谣诗节)

A type of four-line stanza, the first and the third lines have four stressed words or syllables; the second and fourth lines have three stresses.

15. Biography (传记)

A detailed account of a person?s life written by another person. 传记:由他人篆写的关于某人生平的详细记录。

16.Blank Verse (无韵体诗)

Verse written in unrhymed iambic pentameter.

17. Caesura (休止)

A break or pause in a line of poetry.

18. Canto (章)

One of the principal divisions of a long poem.. 诗章:一首长诗的主要部分之一。

19. Caricature (夸张讽刺)

The use of exaggeration or distortion to make a figure appear comic or ridiculous.

夸张讽刺:为了使文中的人物显得可笑而使用的夸张或扭曲人物形象的手法。

20. Characterization (人物刻画)

The means by which a writer reveals the personality of a character. 人物刻画:作者表现作品中人物性格的方法。

21. Classicism (古典主义)

A movement or tendency in art, literature, or music that reflects the principles manifested in the art of ancient Greece and Rome.

古典主义:一种在文学,艺术,音乐领域体现古代希腊,罗马风格的运动。

22. Climax (高潮)

The point of greatest intensity, interest, or suspense in a narrative.

23. Comedy (喜剧)

A dramatic work that is often humorous or satirical in tone and usually contains a happy resolution of the thematic conflict.

喜剧:轻松的和常有幽默感的或在调子上是讽刺的戏剧作品,常包括主题冲突的愉快解决

24. Conceit (奇想)

A kind of metaphor that makes a comparison between two startlingly different things.

奇想:一种在截然不同的事物之间建立起的比喻。

25. Conflict (冲突)

A struggle between two opposing forces or characters in a short story, novel, play, or narrative poem.

冲突:故事,小说,戏剧中相对的力量和人物之间的对立。

26. Connotation (外延)

All the emotions and associations that a word or phrase may arouse. 外延:包括单词字面意思之外的或被该词汇唤起的全部内涵的意义。

27. Consonance (辅音韵)

The repetition of consonants or a consonant pattern, especially at the ends of words.

辅音韵:辅音或辅音模式的重复,尤指位于词尾的。

28. Couplet (双韵体)

A unit of verse consisting of two successive lines, usually rhyming and having the same meter and often forming a complete thought or syntactic unit.

双韵体:包括两个相连的诗行的一种诗的单位,通常压韵并具有同样的格律,经常组成一个完整的意思和句法单位

29. Heroic couplet (英雄双韵体)

A couplet written in iambic pentameter is called a heroic couplet. 英雄双韵体:五步抑扬格的双韵体称英雄双韵体。

30. Denotation (内涵)

The literal or dictionary meaning of a word. 直接意义:一个词的字面意义或词典意义。

31. Denouement (结局)

The final resolution or clarification of a dramatic or narrative plot. 结局:戏剧或叙事场景的最后结果。

32. Diction (措辞)

A writer?s choice and use of words in speech or writing, particularly for clarity, effectiveness, and precision.

措词:讲话或书写中,出于表述清晰,言简意赅对词语的使用或选择。

33. Dissonance (不协和)

A harsh or disagreeable combination of sounds; discord.

34. Dramatic monologue (戏剧独白)

A kind of narrative poem in which one character speaks to one or more listeners whose replies are not given in the poem.

35. Elegy (挽歌)

A poem or song composed especially as a lament for a deceased person. 挽歌,挽诗:专门为悼念某一死者所写的诗或歌.

36. Emblematic Image (象征)

A verbal picture of figure with a long tradition of moral or religious meaning attached to it.

37. Epic (史诗)

An extended narrative poem in elevated or dignified language, celebrating the feats of a legendary or traditional hero.

史诗:用严肃或庄重的语言写成的叙事长诗,歌颂传奇中或历史上英雄的丰功伟绩

38. Epigram (隽语)

A concise, clever, often paradoxical statement, susally in the form of a poem. 隽语:一个简明,机智,常常似是而非的陈述,经常以诗的形式出现

39. Epigraph (引语/开场白)

A motto or quotation at the beginning of a literary composition, setting forth a theme.

引语:在一部文学作品开头的引言,警句,阐明主题

40. Epilogue (结语/收场白)

A short addition or concluding section at the end of a literary work, often dealing with the future of its characters. Also called In this sense, also called afterword 结语:文学作品结束时简短的附加或总结性章节,常常关于作品人物的未来也作 在此意义上也可称作 afterword.

41. Epiphany(顿悟)

A moment of illumination, usually occurrs at or near the end of a work. 顿悟:对现实真谛的顿悟或洞察,通常出现在作品的结尾.

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