高考新题型专项训练 - 语法填空

高考新题型专项训练------语法填空

高中英语语法填空技巧和操练

一、已给单词提示题型的技巧

此类题可以考查学生对单词形式变化的掌握程度。单词形式变化主要有两种，一是词的形、数、式的变化，一是词的派生变化。在判断出词的变化之后还应该进一步审题，看是否需要使用复合的变化形式，这一点是很重要的。

技巧一：名词形式变化。名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。

例1：There are many students living at school; the_____(child)houses are all far from school．

由students-词可以判断出横线处应填复数，且作为houses的定语，所以应用其所有格形式，故答案为child的复合变化形式—— 复数的所有格children’s。

创新演练

1. She is planning to buy two chickens, two cabbages, four tomatoes and two____( loaf) of bread. 2. There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some______ (think) and then let me know. 3. Some schools will have to make_____(adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform. 4.-Go and say sorry to your mom, Dave.

-I’d like to, but I'm afraid she won't be happy with my________(apologize).

5. 0n my way to my______ (uncle) , I found a pair of leather shoes lying on the roadside.

技巧二：动词形式变化。动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气)，有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。

例2：A talk_______(give)tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang．句中的is是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出，报告是“将来”作的，故用不定式；且报告是give动作的承受者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式to be given。

创新演练

1.According to the timetable, the train for London_______ (leave) at seven o'clock in the morning and I_________(set) out for the station at five.

2.This is Tom's photo, who_________(kill) trying to save an oldlady in an earthquake. 3.He_(write) the composition all the morning and he_______ (be) still.

4.Mybrother saidthat he would phone me as soon as he arrivedabroad but I__(hear) from him till now.

5. Sorry not to have noticed you come in, for I_______(think)about my dead friend.

6.In the museum, visitors______(request) not to touch the exhibits or they______(fine) . 7. Mr. Jones said he________(look)into the possibility of buying a house at present. 8.Tom, you are toolazy. The work_______ have been finished yesterday. 9.-Mike is oftenlate for class.

-Tell him he_______ answer for it if he goes on behavinglike that. 10. If he____________ (be) to come here, he would tell us about it. 11. If I had got there earlier, I____________(meet) Mr. Li.

12. ___________ he agree to go there, wewould sendhim there. 13. Theybegan to talk warmlyas ifthey_(know) each other for long. 14.We are too busy today. I'd rather you________(go)there tomorrow.

技巧三：代词形式变化。代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式

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高考新题型专项训练------语法填空

变化，如no one／none、other／another等。

例3：The king decided to see the painter by__________(he)．

由介词bv可以看出，横线处应填反身代词himself。

创新演练

1. In this composition spellingmistakes stick out whilegrammatical are not so obvious. 2.Television sets made in Nanjing are just as good as made in Shanghai.

3.We'll argue about a lot of things, but whencomes to quality, we're not going to fight with each.

4.No matter where we are, we should adaptto the changing situation. 5.The actress' laugh in the play wasbut natural; it was simply theatrical.

技巧四：形容词、副词比较级变化。英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式，或通过加后缀-er和-est，或在词前more／less和most／least，且形容词的绝对最高级还要冠以the。

例4：I am____________(tall)than Liu Wen．He is the tallest students in my class．

此题后句交代了LiuWen是班上最高的学生，那“我”肯定比他矮，所以不能用taller，只能用表示程度不如的“less tall”。

创新演练

1.The workers in the factoryare so________(accustom) to the noise of the machines that they don't even notice it while working.

2.Tom, who works__________(hard) ofall the students in our class, will go abroad next term. 3.You can believe me. I will _____(absolute) stand on your side in the election.

4.Thank you for your invitation. I have never been to a(n) ______(excite) party before. 5. The busier he is, the__________(happy) he will be.

6. I am not satisfied_________ his work atall because it can't be any___________(bad). 7.He was the only boy____________(wake) at the time of the earthquake.

8. _________(expect) , the student whose English was the best in our class failed the exam. 9.Obviously, Tom is by far ___________(good) student of the two.

技巧五：数词形式变化。数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词，或加后缀一teen、．th的变化，甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式，以及one／two的特殊变化形式 once／twice 例5：To my three sons I leave my seventeen horses．My eldest son shall take a half,my second son shall take a______(three)．

从上下文连续起来理解，这是一个分马的计划，大儿子分得a half，也就是“一半”或“二分之一”，那么二儿子应该得“三分之一”，所以要填入作分母的序数词“third”才能命中目标。

创新演练

1.Scientists believe that there must be ________ (hundred) of heavenly bodies in theuniverse where human beings or something like human beings may exist.

2.Experts say three_____(five) of the ocean's corals will extinct by the middle of thecentury if nothing is done to save them. 技巧六：词的派生。词的派生现象在英语单词中是很常见的，派生现象主要发生在名词、动词、形容词、副词四种词中。这种题型还有可能检测学生对词根、前后缀、派生词的掌握。 例6：Lious lost his wallet yesterday，So he was very____(happiness)．

在这道题中，学生很容易判断出该用形容词，由此可知将happiness变成happy；钱包丢

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高考新题型专项训练------语法填空

了，人应该是不开心的，所以要再加个前缀un，就成了unhappy。 二、未给单词提示题型的技巧

此类题难度较大，但也是有方法对付的。技巧七：固定短语结构。根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否构成一个固定短语，但有时要对横线前或后的几个单词“视而不见”才能命中答案。

例7：The children were playing on the ground，enjoying____，dirty but happy．

从句中的happy可以猜出孩子们是开心的，所以应用enjoy oneself短语，故其答案为themselves。

例8：His bosswas____angry astofire him．

如果“跳过”横线后面的angry，就可以发现这里用到一个关联短语送so … as to，所以，so是正解。

技巧八：从句引导词。从句是此题型最为常见的一个方向，主要检测学生对引导词的掌握程度。及连词、关联短语结构。常用的连词有and，or，but，so，for，while等，常用的关联短语有both……and，either……or，neither……nor，not only……but also等。 例：Little Wang Jun could not go to school，_____his family was too poor．

此处表示原因，引导的分句其实是一种解释说明，不是必然的因果关系，且前面有逗号隔开，所以填for。

例：____Marrie and Jannie like going to the theatre．

横线处的词与后面可以构成both…and，故答案为Both。 例9：He did not done_____his father had asked him to do．

审题可知，横线所在为宾语从句的引导词，此引导词在从句中充当宾语，且指物，所以是what。

例10：Those_____want to go to the village must sign here．

经过观察可以判断横线所在为定语从句的引导词，进一步观察可知先行词为those，且指人，所以只能填入who。

创新演练

1. I was about to jump into the river_____ the guide stopped me.

2. The workers were cheerful,_____ at least they appeared to be cheerful.

3. The son was sleeping at home______ the parents were working in the fields.

4. Ihave received an offer from a German university, but I'm stil1 hesitating________ I should accept it.

5.What is more important is_______ as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.

6.It was quite along time_______ I figured out what had happened to the manager.

7. When you read the book, you'd better make a mark_________ you have anyquestions. 8. Is this the reason________ he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? 9. Sunday is a public holiday, _______ children should get close to nature, but most of them have several lessons to attend.

10.Hearingthe sound, the animal disappeared into the bushes, after_ Mrs. Stone picked up her bag and ran allthe way home.

11.Try _______ I might, I cannot erase such a terrible experience from my mind.

12.Don't be cheated by his appearance. He's not such a fool _______ you assumed him to be.

13. __________ seems to be something wrong with the machine.

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高考新题型专项训练------语法填空

14.Tell your teachers the problem withlearning, _________ theywill help you. 15. Onlyafter the accident______ she realize how serious the situation had been. 16. ______ fast did they walk that I could not keep up with them.

17.It was onlyafter he had readthe papers_________ Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.

18. Not once__________ it occur to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.

19. ________ was not until near the end of theletter that she mentioned her own plan. 20.lfyou go to the cinema tonight·,_ sha1l I. I am free tonight.

21. _________ bad news it is! We can't go to Hainan for our holiday this summer vacation. 22.There is now some hope of there__________(be) a settlement of the dispute.

技巧九：短语动词结构。短语动词是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语，此类短语中往往是动词与介词或副词连用的多些。 例11：The USAconsists____fifty states．

根据常识可知，美国由50个州组成，故横线处与前一词组合，表示“由? ?组成”，所以答案是of。

例12：Mrs Baker was ill，so her daughter had to ask forleave to take_____of her． 生病需要人照顾，所以答案是care，与前后词构成take care of。

创新演练

1.In contrast to the previous approachofferinglow-cost models for the market,

Chinese car makers are focusingdisplayingalternative energy-driven vehicles to meet environmental concerns.

2.Thegirl who waslatethe party yesterday evening is ill.

3.The pretty girl is knownthe publica little film star her excellent performance in a film.

4.The Silk Road Economic Belt is to be establishedthe ancient Silk Road traderoute. 5.The value of the pound has fallena newlow against the dollar, which is worthless in exchangedollars than ever before.

6. Yesterdayafter along walk, mylegs gave_____ and couldn't go any further.

7. In spite ofthe fact thatthe necklace is not made of real crystal, it still appeals___young ladies. 技巧十：短语介词结构。短语介词即多个词的组合 起介词作用的短语，如：except for，due to等。

例13：Mr Smithtook a planetoLondon____of taking a train．

此题中说到两种交通工具，所以可以理解此句有“坐……而不是坐……”的意思，故答案为instead，以构成介词短语instead of。

例14：Justthen，he saw a blackboard in_____ofhim．细心观察，可以看出填人front即可构成in front of，此题得解。

技巧十一：冠词、介词和常用的副词。冠词只能是在a，an，the之间判断；常用的介词有in，at，on，before，during等，通常考查固定搭配；副词的量还是比较多，如：however，never，yet，much等．ly形式的方式副词(见技巧六——形容词派生副词的情况)。

例17：Jackie likes to drive at____ high speed．这里考查的是不定冠词的习惯用法，答案为a，构成at a high speed，“以高速”开车。

例18：Old Tom’s granddaughter used to visit him_____Saturday afternoon．

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