5.even if/though 引导的让步状语从句 见上述八---2 6.if only 引导的感叹句 见上述八---3 1.“一坚二命三建四要”之后的宾语从见上述三句(should可省略) ---3 2.主语从句(should可省略) 见上述四 见上述五 Should 3.表语从句(should可省略) 加 4.同位语从句(should可省略) 见上述六 动词原5.定语从句(should不可省略, should do见上述七 形 可改为did) 类 6.lest(for fear that)引导的目的状语从见上述八句 ---4 7.whether it/he (may) be … or … 见上述八---5 9.2. 确定时间，选择动词形式 在时态型虚拟语气中，确定是对过去、现在还是将来的虚拟，是确定动词形式的关键，因为虚拟动词的“式”是由动作所发生的“时”决定的。 虚拟动词的“式” 动作发生的“时” 从句 主句 had done would/should/might/could/oug过去 ht to have done did（be用were） would/should/might/could/oug现在 ht to do 1、did 2、would/should/might/could/oug将来 should do ht to do 3、were to do 请看如下例题：
例1. A. If he _______, he _______that food. B. Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
a. was warned; would not take b. had been warned;
would not have taken
c. would be warned; had not taken d. would have been
warned; had not taken
从B的应答分析，A所说的事情发生在过去，表明的当时没有人警告他，结果他吃了那种事物。实话反说就成了虚拟语气，主句和从句都是对过去的虚拟，从句用had done, 主句用would have done, 所以b是正确答案。
例2. If the sun _______ rise in the west, my love for you would be unchanged.
a. should b. were c. were to d.
shall
题干在说 “要想让我对你的爱不改变，除非有一天太阳打西边出来”，主
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句和从句都是对将来的虚拟，虚拟条件句“太阳打西边出”根本就不可能实现，所以用were to do，选择c。
例3. If he _______ to the teacher attentively, he _______ the answer to the problem now.
a. had listened, would have known b. listened, would know c. listened, would have known d. had listened, would know
解读题干可知，“他”现在不知道答案是因为之前没有认真听讲，一个是对现在的虚拟，一个是对过去的虚拟，是混合型虚拟语气。
虚拟语气知识点巩固、助记性精练
( )1. Jean doesn’t want to work right away, because she thinks that if she_______a
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job she probably wouldn’t be able to see her friends very often. A. has to get B. were to get C. had got D. could have got
( )2. We would not be able to walk if there _______no friction.
A. is B. are C. were D. will be
( )3. If we _______more freedom in choosing courses, we would have had more motivation to study.
A. were given B. could be given C. had been given D. had given
( )4. --- If he _______, he _______that food. ---Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
A. was warned; would not take B. had been warned; would not have taken
C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken
( )5. You didn’t let me drive. If we _______ in turn, you …so tired.
A. drove; didn’t get B. drove; wouldn’t get C. were driving; wouldn’t get D. had driven; wouldn’t have got
( )6. If the sun _______ rise in the west, my love for you would be unchanged.
A. should B. were C. were to D. shall
( )7. If he _______ hard in the past few years, things wouldn’t be going so smoothly.
A. had not been working B. has not been working C. was not working D. were not working
( )8. _______to me, he would not be in such trouble now.
A. If he listened B. If he would listen C. Should he listen D. Had he listened
( )9. _______it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.
A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will
( )10. What would have happened _______, as far as the river bank?
A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk
farther
C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther
( )11. If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you _______
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now.
A. couldn’t have smiled B. wouldn’t be smiling C. didn’t smile
D. won’t smile
( )12. If only he _______quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.
A. lies B. lay C. had lain
D. should lie
( )13. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _______ in
love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall
D. were to fall
( )14. If it _______ for your help I really don’t know what I would have done.
A. had not been B. was not C. has not been
D. were
( )15. I _______ you with the funds. Why didn’t you ask me?
A. should provide B. could provide C. had provided D.
could have provided
( )16. _______ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.
A. In spite of B. But for C. Because of
D. As for
( )17. Without electricity human life _______quite different today.
A. is B. will be C. would have been
D. would be
( )18. Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night _______, too cold for us to live.
A. would be freezing cold B. will be freezing coldly C. would be frozen cold D. can freeze coldly
( )19. ---Would you have called her up? ---Yes, but I _______ busy doing my homework.
A. was B. were C. am
D. would be
( )20. ---Why didn’t Mary go? ---She _______ except she didn’t have time.
A. would have gone B. will go C. would go
D. be going
( )21. But that he saw it, he _______ it.
A. can’t believe B. could not believe C. could not have
believed D. did not believe
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( )22. I regret not having taken your advice. Otherwise I _______ this mistake.
A. didn’t make B. would not make C. hadn’t made
D. wouldn’t have made
( )23. They must have liked the apartment, or they _______ so long.
A. didn’t stay B. wouldn’t have stayed C. won’t stay D.
wouldn’t stay
( )24. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _______ a goal.
A. had scored B. scored C. would score
D. would have scored
( )25. Supposing you _______ write, what would you do?
A. couldn’t B. can’t C. may not
D. are unable
( )26. Look at the trouble I am in! If only I _______ your advice.
A. followed B. would follow C. had followed
D. should follow
( )27. It is of the utmost importance that you _______ here on time.
A. be B. shall be C. are to be
D. must be
( )28. It is strange that such a thing _______ in your school.
A. happens B. happened C. should happen
D. had happened
( )29. It is decided that no smoking _______ in the classroom.
A. be allowed B. is allowed C. will be allowed
D. should have been allowed
( )30. ---Do you have a dictionary? ---No, but I wish I _______.
A. have B. did C. do
D. have had
( )31. Bob’s doctor suggests _______ for a few days.
A. that he is resting B. his resting C. him to rest
D. that he rest
( )32. Tom insisted what he said _______ true and we insisted that he _______ and have a look.
A. be; should go B. should be; would go C. was; go
D. was; would go
( )33. Jane’s pale face suggested that she _______ ill, and her parents suggested that she _______ a medical examination.
A. be; should have B. was; have C. should be; had
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