5) 用在句型: ―It’s +adj +that 从句‖中.
6) 用作形式宾语, 用来代替动词不定式. make /think /feel/find + it + adj (名词)+ to do sth . 二.物主代词. 形容词性 名词性 第一人称 单数 my mine 复数 our ours 第二人称 单数 your yours 复数 your yours 第三人称 单数 its/his/her its/his/hers 复数 their theirs 1. 形容词性的物主代词作定语放在名词前，不能单独使用。
2. 名词性的物主代词，后面不能加名词。名词性的物主代词常与of 连用。 Our classroom is as big as ______(they) . This is a friend of ______(my).
注: 1)名词性的物主代词相当于形容词性的物主代词加一个名词.
（名词性的物主代词=形容词性的物主代词+ 名词）
2)形容词性的物主代词与own 连用时,后面可跟名词也可不跟名词. My own house = a house of my own 三.反身代词 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 myself yourself himself/herself/itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves 记忆小窍门:
反身代词有规律,第三人称宾格加self.其余都要物主加self,复数ves来把f替.
反身代词的常用搭配:
enjoy oneself hurt oneself teach oneself = learn…by oneslf all by oneself help oneself to … look after oneself leave sb by oneself lose oneself in
say to oneself for oneself dress oneself improve oneself see oneself in the mirror 四.指示代词
1.近指: this these 远指: that those 2.用法:
1)that those 常用来代替前面出现的人或物,以避免重复. That代替可数名词的单数或不可数名词. Those 代替复数名词.
The weather in Guangdong is hotter than _____ in Qinghai . The books in that shop are cheaper than ______in this shop. A.this B.that C.one D.those
2)this ,that 可代替句子或句子的一个部分,that代替前面提到的句子而this代替下面提到的句子.
He had a bad cold ,that is why he didn’t come . 3)在电话用语中,this 代替自己,而that 代替对方. This is Tom speaking . Who is that ? 五.不定代词的区别. 1.one与it 的区别
One 代替同类事物中的一种. 而it代替上文中出现的某事物. This book is a good one . May I borrow it ? 2.some与any 的区别
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一般情况下,some用于肯定句,any用于否定,疑问句,条件句中.但在表建议的疑问句中,仍用some 代any. 常用于could / would / May 开头或what about /how about …. 的句中。 May I have some water ?
He asked me for some paper , but I didn’t have any . 3.many与much的区别
Many+可数名词的复数 Much+不可数名词 都相当于 a lot of +复数名词/不可数名词
注:a lot of 不能用于否定句中. 否定句中用many /much . 4.a few /few /a little /little 的区别
修饰可数名词 修饰不可数名词 表否定(几乎没有) few little 表肯定(有一点/几个) a few a little The story is easy to read . there are _____ new words in it . Hurry up ! There is _____ time left . 5.each / every 的区别
each 表示两者或两者以上的人或物中的每一个.而every 表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的每一个.
There are trees and frowers on _____ side of the street . ______ student has read a story .
注:each 可以与of 连用, each of 作主语时,谓语动词用单数.而every 不能与of 连用.只能放在名词前作定语.
Each of us _______(study )hard . 6.no one 与none 的区别
no one 表示没有人, 不能与of 连用. 而none of +复数名词/ 代词，作主语时，谓语常用单数。.
The boys were all tired , but _____ of them stopped to have a rest . 7.both /neither /either /all / none / any 的区别
两者之间 三者或三者以上 都 both all 都不 neither none 任何一个 either any There are many trees on ____ side of the river . A. both B.any C.either D.all 注: 1). both 的否定词是neither , all的否定词是none.
2).both of 作主语时,谓语动词用复数. neither of作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. Neither of the answers ______(be) right . Both of my parents _______(be) workers. 3).词组
A) both …and …连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数. 同义词组:not only …but also … 反义词组: neither … nor …
Not only you but also she likes watching TV.= ____ you _____ she like watching TV .= You like watching TV , _____ _____ she .
B) either …or … 或者……或者…… , neither…nor… 既不……也不…… 连接两个主语时,谓语动词实行就近原则.
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Neither you nor he ______ (be ) right .
One of Lily and Lucy is going to the park. = _____ Lily _____Lucy _____ going to the park. C) either 也可用于否定句中的 ―也‖
D) neither 也可表示 ― 也不‖ 句型: neither … sb 某人也不怎么样. If you don’t go there , _____ _____ I . (我也不去) 4) how many /how much 的回答:用none回答. Who 的回答:用no one 回答. What 的回答:用nothing 回答.
How many students are there in the classroom ? __________. Who can answer the question ? _______. A. None B.No one C.Nothing
8.other /the other /others /the others 的区别
有数量限制(特指) 没有数量限制(泛指) (空)后面没有名词 (空)后面有名词 the others others the other other 注: 1) one …the other … 表示两者之间的一个……另一个…… 2) some… others… 表示一些…… 一些……
3) another 表示三者以上的不确定数目中的另一个. 只能修饰可数名词的单数. 但 another +数字+ 复数名词= 数字+ more +复数名词 表示 ― 另外几个……‖ Would you like ______ apple ?
I have two brothers , one is a teacher , _________ is a worker .
Some are cleaning the classroom , ______ are sweeping the window .
There are 20 teachers in our school . Eight of them are men teachers ,and _____ are women teachers 9.
everyone 每个，人人，大家 不与of 连用
every one 每个人、物 可与of 连用
Every one of us has seen the film . Everyone should do their best . 10.复合不定代词.
thing one body some something someone somebody any anything anyone anybody no nothing no one nobody every everything everyone everybody 注: 1.复合不定代词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.
2.形容词修饰不定代词时, 形容词放在不定代词之后.
3.动词不定式修饰不定代词时, 动词不定式放在不定代词之后.
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4.复合不定代词用于反义疑问句中,
1)指人的不定代词, 其反义疑问句中的主语用he 或they . 2)指物的不定代词, 其反义疑问句中的主语用 it .
5.any ,anything ,anyone, anyboby 也可用于肯定句中,表示 ―任何……/任何物/任何人‖ Everything ______(begin ) to grow in spring , _______ _______ ? Is there ___________(一些有趣的事)in today’s newpaper ? I want something ________ (eat ).
中考专题四：数词
基数词: 表示人或事物数量多少的词. 序数词: 表示人或事物的顺序的词. 一. 基数词.
1.基数词的读法.
1)1---12 : one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve
2)13---19: 词尾加-teen :thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen
3)20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90 : 逢十词尾加-ty :twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety 4)21----99: 在十位与个位之间加连字符构成. 21--- twenty-one 99---ninety-nine
5)101---999 :先说几百, 再加and ,再加末尾两位数或个位数.
101---one hundred and one 238----two hundred and thirty-eight
6)1000以上的数:先将数字从右往左数,每三位数用一个逗号隔开, 从右往左第一个逗号表示 ―千‖读thousand 第二个逗号表示 ―百万‖读million 第三个逗号表示 ―十亿‖读billion 18,657,421---eighteen million ,six hundred and fifty-seven thousand ,four hundred and twenty-one. 二. 序数词
基数词变序数词
口诀: 基变序,有规律,词尾要加th .一二三,特殊记,词尾分别tdd(first second third ) 八去t ,九去e,ve要用f替.ty变作tie,再加th莫忘记. 若遇几十几,只变个位就可以. 三. 数词的应用. 1.表编号.
结构:名词(首字母要大写) + 基数词 = the +序数词 +名词 Lesson One = the first lesson
注：有些编号，一般仅用第一种表达法。 Room 101 101号房间
2.序数词前一般加定冠词the 但序数词前与不定冠词a /an 连用时,表示 “又一,再一” You’ve done it three times .Why not try ____fourth time ? A.a B.an C.the D./
3.数词前加every ,表示每??/每隔?? .
every ten days =every ninth day 每十天(每隔九天)
注:every +基数词 +复数名词 = every + (序数词-1) +单数名词 4.基数词的复数形式表示年代和年龄
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