1)表示年代: in the + 年份的复数 在几世纪几十年代.
在十九世纪七十年代. _________________________.
2)表年龄: in one’s + 整十的复数 表示在某人几十岁时
在他四十岁时: ___________________. 5.hundred / thousand /million /billion
1).若hundred / thousand /million /billion 前有基数词时,其后不加s,也不加of .若没有时 ,既加s 也要带of .
Every year _______ visitors come to China . There are two _______ students in our school .
A.thousand B.thousands C.thousands of D.thousand of 2).若其前有a few 、many、several 修饰时，通常用复数，后接of. 3).若名词前有the修饰时，用单数，后接of
Two ______the students in our school are from the countryside . A.hundred B. hundred of C.hundreds of D.hundreds 6.几个半的表达法:
基数词 + and + a half +名词复数 = 基数词 +名词(单数/复数) +and +a half two and a half hours = two hours and a half 7.时刻表达法:
1)整点: 基数词 + o’clock 2)几点几分:
A).直接读法: 先读小时 ,后读分钟 3:25 ---- three twenty-five B).间接读法:
a)≤30分钟. 分钟+ past + 小时
3：25 ----twenty-five past three
b)＞30分钟. ( 60-分钟 )+ to + (小时数+1) 3:55 ----- five to four
c) 30 分钟 = half 15分钟=a quarter 45分钟= three quarters
3:30 ---half past three 3:15----a quarter past three 3:45 ----a quarter to four
8.日期表达法:
结构: 1).月 日,年 (日用序数词,年用基数词)
注:年份的读法: 先读前两位数,再读后两位数. 读日时要加the.
1900---nineteen hundred 1807----eight and seven (eight o seven) 2008---two thousand eight
2007年3月21日.--- March the twenty-first ,two thousand and seven. 2).日 月 年 (the +序数词+of +月, 年)
2007年3月21日---the twenty-first of March ,two thousand and seven. 9.分数词的表达法:
1).结构: a).分子用基数词,分母用序数词. b).当分子大于1时,分母加复数. 3/4--- three fourths (three-fourths) 2).注意:
a).分数词的几种特殊形式.
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1/3—one third = a third 1/4—one fourth = a quarter 1/2—one second = a half
3/4—three fourths = three quarters
b).分数词作主语时, 谓语动词根据分数词后面的名词来确定. Two fifths of the milk ______(be ) drunk by Tom . One third of the students _______(be )girls .
中考专题五：介词
一．介词at/ in /on .
1.表示时间：
1).表示某一具体时间点，某一时刻/ 年龄 at six o’clock at noon at that time at the moment at the age of at night
2)in表示时间段,一天的三个时间段以及月份,年,季节,世纪,人生的某个时期(某人几十岁时) in the morning/afternoon /evening in spring /in 2007/in March in the twenty-first century in his fifties
3)on表示星期几/某一具体的日子/具体某天的上午/下午/晚上,表示一天中的三个时间段名词前有修饰语或后有修饰语时.
On Monday on New Year’s Day on Sunday morning on a rainy night on the evening of April 1st ,2007 2表地点:
1)at 一般指较小的地点或较具体的位置 at the station at the cinema
2)in 表示在较大的地点或一个有限空间里. in China in the classroom 3)on 指在某物体的表面上. on the desk 注意:
写街道时,若有门牌号用at ,否则用on / in 都可. He lives at 270 DongChang’an Street.
二.介词in /on / to 表方位:
1.in表示A地在B地范围之内.(包含关系) Tanwan is ____ the southeast of China . 2.on表示A,B地接壤.(外切关系) Hubei is ____ the north of Hunan .
3.to表示A,B两地有一定的间距.(外离关系) Japan is _____ the east of China .
三. between / among 在……之间
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1.between :指两者之间. 在…….之间.
2.among :用于三者或三者以上人或物之间. 在……之中. You sit _____ him and me .
The song is popular ______ the students.
四.after / in 在……之后
1. after
1)after + 时间段. 表示以过去某一时刻为起点的一段时间之后, 用于过去时. 2)after 作介词. after doing sth
2.in +一段时间. 表示说话时或以现在为起点的将来一段时间之后.用于将来时. He came back ______ two days .
He will go home___finishing his homework . He will come back _____ two days .
五.with / in / by 表示 “用……”
1.with 表示 “用…” 一般指有形的工具 / 手段 / 人体器官. He cut the apple into halves ____ a knife . 注: with 表伴随, ―带有,含有‖
He came in _____ a big smile on his face .
2.in表示用某种语言,方式,途径. 或书写/绘画所用的材料. 也可表交通方式. Can you say it _____English ? He wrote a letter ____ blue ink .
3.by表示乘坐交通工具, 表示方式,方法 I study for a test _____ working with a group . He makes a living ____ selling newspapers . 注意: 同义词组
1).by phone = on the phone 2).by car = in a car
3).in pen = with a pen = with pens
六.across / through / over / by 经过
1.across 指横穿,穿过. 表示动作从某一物体表面上经过. 2.through 指穿过,透过,表示从某一物体空间内通过.
3.over 表示从某人或某物的上空经过或越过,不与表面接触. 4.by 表示从某人/某物的旁边经过. Can you swim ______ the river ?
the elephant is so big that it can’t go _____ the gate . I don’t think anyone can jump ___ the fence. I walked _____ the bank of China yesterday .
七.in front of / in the front of
1.in the front of 表示在…….内部的前面 2.in front of 表示在……外面的前面
There is a desk in _____ front of our classroom . There is a big tree in _____ front of our classroom.
八．其它介词的用法：
1.at的其它用法.
1).表示 ―从事或正在做某事‖,其后加的名词往往不加冠词.
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She is at work now = She is working now . 2)at表示 ―价格或速度‖
The train ran at 120 kilometres an hour . 2.in的其它用法:
1)in表示 ―在……方面‖ 词组:do well in = be good at be weak in
2)in 表示 ―穿着‖后接表颜色的词或衣服. 词组: be in +衣服 = be wearing +衣服 3)in作副词, ―在家‖ = at home 3.like 的用法:
1).像/和……一样. 常与系动词连用. 词组: look like sound like
2).与what 连用, ―是什么样子, 怎样‖. What is he like ? He is kind . 4.off的用法:
1).从……下来, 脱离某物体. 词组: fall off
2). ―休假‖通常放在时间名词之后. 词组: have +时间+ off
He hasn’t had a night off for two hours . 5.except / besides
1).except 除了…….之外, 都……. . 不包括在范围之内. 注: nothing but … 除了……之外,什么也没有.
2).besdies除了……之外,还有…… . 包括在范围之内. We all went swimming ______ Lucy . There is _______ a letter in the box .
We study Japanese and French____ English . 6.with / without
1).with具有,含有 -----反义词: without 没有
词组: with the help of = with one’s help =because of = thanks to without one’s help 2).without 的用法:
A).without + sb./ sth. 没有某人或某物 B).without + doing sth .
He left here without____(say ) ―Goodbye‖to us C). without sth 常与if 引导的否定的条件句.
If there is no water , we can’t live .= We can’t live ______ _______ . 7.on the tree /in the tree
on the tree 表示 ―树上本身长的东西‖ 在树上. 而in the tree 表示 ―外界的物体进入树中‖ 人或物在树上.
There are some apples _____ the tree . There is a boy ____ the tree. 8.since / for
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