华中师范大学网络学院
《翻译理论与技巧》练习测试题及答案
一.在下列句中空白处填上合适的词语。每空1分。共10分。
1.翻译是跨( )、跨( )、跨( )的交际活动。
2.篇章的粘连分( )粘连和( )粘连两大类,粘连的目的是
实现篇章的( )。
3.社会符号学的翻译标准是( )相符、( )相似。
4.格赖斯的( )原则和利奇的( )原则是促使语言交际成功
的语用原则。
5. 社会符号学翻译法以韩礼德所述的语言的社会符号性为根据,以符号学的意
义观为核心。语言符号具备三种意义,它们是( )意义、( )意义和( )意义。
6. 语言对比是研究语言在( )中产生的意义。 7. 泰特勒在《翻译的原则》一书中提出了著名德三原则:
A.译文应完整地再现原文的( )。 B.译文的( )( )应与原文的性质相同。 C.译文应像原文一样( )。
8. 汉语语法呈( )性,英语语法呈( )性。 9. 严复的三字翻译标准是_____、_____、____。
10. 鲁迅认为翻译标准可以用________和________这四个字来表示。 11.翻译的过程是______、_______和________。
12.英语翻译成汉语时,英语称之为____________________,汉语称之为
______________。
13.翻译按其工作方式来分,有______ ________ __________三种。
14.许渊冲提倡文学翻译要做到_____________、_____________和
________________。
15.在译文语言条件许可时,在译文中既保持原文的内容,有保持原文的形式
—特别是保持原文的比喻、形象和民族地方色彩等,这种译法叫做___________。
16.把原文中两个或两个以上的简单句译成一个单句是________法。 17.翻译按其处理方式来分,有________、________和__________。
18.翻译是“从语义到文体在译入语中用最( )而又最( )
的对等语再现原语的( )。”
19.从翻译的手段来看,翻译可分为( )、( )和( )。 20.鲁迅先生认为:“凡是翻译,必须兼顾两面,一当然力求其( ),
一则保存着原作的( )。”
21.由于文化上的差异,英译汉时有时直译原文就会使译入语读者感到费解,
甚至误解。这时,就有必要借用汉语中意义相同或相近、且具有自己文化色彩的表达法对原文加以( )。
22.傅雷先生认为:“以效果而论,翻译应当像临画一样,所求的不在( 形似 )
而在( )。 23. 钱钟书先生提出:“文学翻译的最高标准是‘( )’。把作品从一国
文字转变成另一国文字,既不能因语文习惯的差异而露出生硬牵强的痕迹,又能完全保存原有的风味,那就算得入‘( )’”。 24.从涉及到的语言符号来看,翻译可分为( )翻译、( )翻
译、和( )翻译。
25.所谓功能指语言所具有的种种社会功能。英国翻译理论家彼得·纽马克
将其分为6种:( )功能、( )功能、( )功能、美感功能、酬应功能和元语言功能。
26.将 “He is armed to the teeth.”译成“他全副武装”,采用的是( )
的方法;将其译成“他武装到了牙齿”,采用的是( )的方法。
二.判断各例画线部分译文恰当如否。如译文恰当,就在后面括号中打√;译文
不恰当,就在后面括号中打×。每题2分,共10分。
1.对外开放取得新近展。1990年共批准“三资”企业99家,全省“三资”
企业已达284家。( )
New progress has been made in the process of opening to the outside world. In
1990, the province approved 99 “Three Forms of Ventures”, the total number of which reached 284.
2.我们要培养出适应社会主义现代化需要的一代“四有新人”。( ) We must bring forth a new generation of well-educated and self-disciplined
people with lofty ideals and moral integrity, such as are necessary for our socialist modernization drive.
3.这次旅游可选择的地方有北京、上海或西安。( ) The places this tour can choose are Beijing, Shanghai and Xi?an.
4.不是所有的金属都具有同样好的导电性能。( ) All metals do not conduct electricity equally well.
5.大会将于今年十二月在北京隆重开幕。( )
The meeting will begin the following December in Beijing ceremoniously.
6. 在农村,特别是比较偏僻落后的农村,还残存着少数包办买卖婚姻的陋习。 ( )
In China?s more remote and backward rural areas, corrupt practices exist in the
form of forced marriage …
7. 我给你打国际直拨就跟给楼下的李姐打电话差不多,一拨就通。( ) An international phone to you is as easy as a call to Sister Li downstairs.
8. 我们的事业从胜利走向胜利。( )
We have won one victory after another for our cause
9. 从这次讲座中,我们学到了许多美国历史方面的知识。( ) We studied much knowledge of American history from the lecture.
10. 她觉得她再也不能忍受她丈夫的侮辱。( )
She feels that she cannot stand her husband?s insult any longer.
11.He is green with jealousy. 他因为嫉妒而发绿。 ( )
12.John likes to pat himself on the back. 约翰喜欢捶自己的背。( )
13.He wished to write an article that will attract public attention to the matter. 他想写一篇文章,以便能引起公众对这件事的关注。( )
14.A man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as by the company he keeps; for there is a companionship of books as well as of men; and one should always live in the best company, whether it be of books or of men.
我们往往可以从一个人交怎样的朋友以及阅读怎样的书籍去看他的为人。
这是因为人与人之间有友谊,同样,人与书之间也有友谊。人们应该经常生活在与最好的书以及最好的人的友谊之中。( )
15.We are enemies of all wars, but above all of dynastic wars. 我们反对一切战争,特别是王朝战争。 ( )
16. But the youngest brother was able to fulfill his modest ambition.( )
但最小的儿子却实现了他那谦逊的野心。
17. The baby was brought up on the bottle. ( )
这个婴儿是喝牛奶长大的。
18.A small white-headed boy with a sunburnt face appeared at the door
while the schoolmaster was speaking, and stopping there to make a rustic bow, came in, and took his seat. ( ) 老师正在讲话时,一个淡黄色头发、脸被晒成棕色的小男孩在门口出现了。
他停在门口老老实实地鞠了个躬,就进来坐下。
19.I have no opinion of him. ( ) 我对他没有意见。
20.His failure made a mockery of the teacher’s great efforts to help
him. ( )
他考试没有及格,老师辅导他的一番心血白费了。
21. Speaker Jim Wright brushes tears away as he throws in the towel yesterday in D. C.
发言人吉姆·赖特于昨日在华府挥泪认输。 ( )
22. It would have been only courteous to kneel at the proper time, as all did, since I had voluntarily come to the church.
既然我来教堂出于自愿,仅仅为了礼貌起见,我应该和大家一起下跪。( )
23. We are enemies of all wars, but above all of dynastic wars.
我们反对一切战争,特别是王朝战争。 ( )
24. The naughty boy is far from honest and his excuse is pretty thin. 这个调皮的男孩很不诚实,他的借口很薄弱。( )
25.It is a good man that never stumbles, and a good wife that never grumbles. 好丈夫也有过失,好妻子也会唠叨。 ( )
三.译文比较。下列各例均有两种译文。把你认为较好的译文(A或B)填写在
每例后的括号里。每题2分,共10分。如:
明年将出版更多的书籍。( B )
A.Next year will publish a greater number of new books.
B.A greater number of new books will be published next year.
1.语言这东西不是随便可以学好的,非下苦功不可。( )
A. The mastery of language is not easy and requires painstaking effort. B. Language is something one cannot master it without painstaking effort.
2.老王说,他没着了。( )
A. Old Wang said he was at the end of his tether. B. Old Wang said he had no scheme at all.
3.第二天早晨,她腋下挟着几本书回来了。( )
A. The next morning, she came back with some books under her arm.
B. The next morning, she carried some books under her arm and came back.
4.利用煤和石油可以制成各种各样的东西。( )
A. A use of coal and oil can produce all sorts of useful things. B. All sorts of useful things can be produced from coal and oil.
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