一、动词的时态和语态
动词的时态和语态【to be continued】
时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。 现在 一般 am, is , are, do, does will/shall do 进行 完成 完成进行 have/has been doing am/is/are doing have/has done 将来 will/shall be doing will/shall have done will/shall have been doing 过去 was, were, did, v-ed was/were doing had done had been doing 过去 would/should do would/should be would/should have would/should have been doing doing done 将来
一般现在时的特例
（1） Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。
Duck has two legs. 鸭子有两条腿。
vMy father told me that the earth _____(go) around the sun. 【goes】
（2）表示客观事实、普遍真理，特别是用于表示科学事实、客观存在和格言等。 vThe earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。
用于表示一般将来时的主从复合句的从句中可以表示将来时；也就是说，主句用一般 将来时，从句用一般现在时。
When he arrives, he’ll tell us all about the match. 当他到的时候，他会告诉我们这场比赛的经过。
I can’t come unless my brother agrees. 我不能来，除非我哥哥同意。 If he arrives in Paris, Peter will give me a call . 如果peter到了巴黎，他会给我电话的。
一般过去时的注意点
在条件从句中表示与现在或将来事实相反的假设。（虚拟语气）
If I were you, I wouldn’t accept the offer. 如果我是你，我不会接受这个提议。
精选文库
I wish, It’s (high) time后that从句中，表示与现在或将来的事实相反的主观设想 It’s time you went to bed. 你该睡觉了。 I wish I were a bird .
2) 表示过去经常发生的动作，也可用“used to”和“would +动词原形”。
注意：used to表示过去常发生而现在不再发生的动作或存在的状态。另外“be used to + 名词或动名词”表示“习惯于……”。例如：
I used to smoke when I was a college freshman.
一般将来时的注意点
一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或状况，由助动词shall或will加动词原形构成以及be going to 。Shall 用于第一人称，will用于第二、三人称。一般和表示时常、将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, next month, next week等。如：
l) “be going to+动词原形”，表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。例如： We are going to have a meeting today．
2) go, come, start, move, sail, leave, arrive 等词可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作；有时用一般现在时也可表示将来。例如： I’m leaving for Beijing
be going to的用法
1. 用于表将来 Their daughter is to get married soon.
2. 表示 “义务”、“应该” 。(意思接近于should， must， ought to， have to) You are to be back by 10 o’clock. 你必须十点以前回来。
3. 表示 “命运”, 将来必然要发生的事, 译作 “注定……”。如： The worst is still to come. They said goodbye, little knowing they were never to meet again.
1.—You haven’t said a word about my new coat，Brenda.Do you like it?
—I’m sorry I ________ anything about it sooner.I certainly think it’s pretty on you. A.wasn’t saying B.don’t say C.won’t say D.didn’t say
2.I wonder why Jenny ________us recently.We should have heard from her by now. A.hasn’t written B.doesn’t write C.won’t write D.hadn’t written
3.—When will you come to see me，Dad?
—
2
精选文库
—I will go to see you when you ________ the training course. A.will have finished B.will finish C.are finishing D.finish
4.—How long ________ at this job? —Since 1990.
A.were you employed B.have you been employed C.had you been employed D.will you be employed
5.By the end of last year，another new gymnasium ________ in Beijing. A.would be completed B.was being completed C.has been completed D.had been completed
6.The little girl ________her heart out because she ________ her toy bear and believed she wasn’t ever going to find it.
A.had cried; lost B.cried; had lost C.has cried; has lost D.cries; has lost
7.—Excuse me，sir.Would you do me a favor? —Of course.What is it?
—I ________ if you could tell me how to fill out this form. A.had wondered B.was wondering C.would wonder D.did wonder
8.He will have learned English for eight years by the time he ________ from the university next year.
A.will graduate B.will have graduated C.graduates D.is to graduate
9.I feel it is your husband who ________for the spoiled child. A.is to blame B.is going to blame C.is to be blame D.should blame
10.He has been writing the composition the whole morning and he still ________. A.has been B.does C.has D.is
11.If city noises ________ from increasing，people ________ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.
A.are not kept; will have to B.are not kept; have to C.do not keep; will have to D.do not keep; have to
12.The price ________，but I doubt whether it will remain so. A.went down B.will go down
C.has gone down D.was going down
13.—How long ________ each other before they ________ married? —For about a year.
A.have they known; get B.did they know; get
C.do they know; are going to get D.had they known; got
14.You can’t move in right now.The house ________. A.has painted B.is painted
—
3
精选文库
C.is being painted D.is painting 15.—Hey，look where you are going! —Oh，I’m terribly sorry.________.
A.I’m not noticing B.I wasn’t noticing C.I haven’t noticed D.I don’t notice
16.The reporter said that the UFO ________ east to west when he saw it. A.was traveling B.traveled
C.had been traveling D.was to travel 17.—Is this raincoat yours?
—No，mine ________ there behind the door. A.is hanging B.has hang C.hangs D.hang
18.I turned around and saw everybody ________ at a man who ________ loudly in a foreign language.
A.was staring; was shouting B.was staring; shouting C.staring; shouting D.stared; shouted
19.Henry remained silent for a moment.He ________. A.thought B.had thought C.was thinking D.was thought
20.We would like to go and thank him ourselves，but we ________ out his address yet, A.haven’t found B.hadn’t found C.didn’t find D.don’t find
21.Shirley ________ a book about China last year but I don’t know whether she has finished. A.has written B.wrote
C.had written D.was writing 22.—Have you got your test result? —Not yet.The papers ________. A.are not correcting B.have not corrected
C.are still being corrected D.have already been corrected
23.See the clouds! It ________ rain!
A.will B.is going to C.must D.certainly
24.Do I have to take this medicine? It ________ so terrible. A.tastes B.is tasting C.is tasted D.has tasted 25.Don’t take the magazine away.It ________ me. A.is belonged to B.belongs to
C.was belonged to D.is belonging to
26.Is this the third time that you ________ late? A.have been B.am C.was D.had been
27.—Do you know when Tom ________ from abroad? —Perhaps it will be a long time before he ________. A.will come; will come B.comes; will come C.will come; comes D.comes; comes
28.My uncle said that he would telephone but I ________ from him so far.
—
4
精选文库
A.didn’t hear B.hadn’t heard C.haven’t heard D.won’t hear
29.The telephone ________ four times in the last hour，and each time it ________ for my roommate.
A.has rung; was B.has been ringing; is C.had rung; was D.rang; has been 30.A storm ________ by a calm.
A.is often being followed B.was often followed C.is often followed D.has often been followed
31.The pen I ________ I ________ is on my desk，right under my nose. A.think; lost B.thought; had lost C.think; had lost D.thought; lost
32.—We could have walked to the station.It was so near. —Yes，a taxi ________ at all necessary. A.wasn’t B.hadn’t been C.couldn’t be D.won’t be
33.A friend of mine returned to his house after a holiday only to find it ________. A.to be broken B.had broken into C.was broken D.had been broken into
34.They believed that by using computers the production of their factory ________. A.will greatly increase B.would greatly increase C.would be increased greatly
D.will have been greatly increased
35.His eyes shone brightly when he finally received the magazines he ________. A.had long been expected B.had long expected C.has long expected D.was long expected
36.—Do you like the new pen? —Yes，it ________ very well. A.is written B.is writing C.writes D.wrote
37.—Oh，it’s you? I didn’t recognize you.
—I ________ my hair cut，and I ________ new glass. A.had; was wearing B.have had; am wearing C.had; wore D.have had; wear
38.As she ________ the newspaper，Granny ________ asleep. A.read; was falling B.was reading; fell C.was reading; was falling D.read; fell
39.However hard you ________，you will never succeed in pleasing her. A.try B.will try
C.should try D.would try 40.—Can I help you，sir?
—
5
相关推荐：
loading