Unit 1: Direct speech and indirect speech ----直接引语和间接引语
一.认识直接引语和间接引语
Eg：She said，“I need a new book.” （直接引语）
She said that she needed a new book. （间接引语）
二.由直接引语变成间接引语的时态变化
1.若“主句的谓语动词”是一般过去时时，直接引语变成间接引语时，时态也要发生相对应的变化。如下所示：
（1）She said，“I need a new book.” （一般现在时）
She said that she needed a new book. （一般过去时） （2）She said，“I am reading a book.” （现在进行时）
She said that she was reading a book. （过去进行时） （3）She said，“I will read a book.” (一般将来时)
She said that she would read a book. (过去将来时) （4）She said，“I bought a book.” (一般过去时)
She said that she had bought a book. (过去完成时) （5）She said，“I have bought a book.” (现在完成时)
She said that she had bought a book. (过去完成时) （6）She said，“I had bought a book.” (过去完成时)
She said that she had bought a book. (过去完成时)
2.若“主句的谓语动词”是一般现在时或是一般将来时时，直接引语变成间接引语时，时态不需要发生变化。
Eg：He says，“I am tired.”-----He says that he is tired.
He will say，“The boy was lazy.”---He will tell you that the boy was lazy.
3.当直接引语是客观真理时，直接引语变成间接引语时，时态不需要发生变化。
Eg：Our teacher said to us，“The earth goes round the sun.” Our teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun.
4.当直接引语是一般过去时，并且和具体的过去时间状语连用时，直接引语变成间接引语时，时态不需要发生变化。
Eg：She said，“I was born in 1995.”
She said that she was born in 1995.
三.直接引语中特定单词的变化
1.She said，“I am coming this week.”
She said that she was coming that week. (this变成that） Eg：these—those、now—then、today—that day、 tonight—that night、yesterday—the day before、 two days ago—two days before、
tomorrow—the next day/the following day、 next week—the next week、here—there、 come—go、bring—take
四.直接引语变间接引语时，应注意：
1.直接引语为一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，宾语从句应该由wether和if来引导，语序倒装。
Eg：He asked，“Can you go out this afternoon，John？”
He asked whether (if)John could go out that afternoon.
2.直接引语为特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，宾语从句用对应的疑问代词引导，语序倒装。
Eg：He said，“Where is Mingming？”----He asked where Mingming was.
五.专项习题练习,直接引语和间接引语的相互转化
1.She said，“My mother took me to an exhibition yesterday.”
___________________________________________________________ 2.My sister said to me，“I will come here next week.”
___________________________________________________________ 3.“How are you feeling now？”the doctor asked him.
___________________________________________________________ 4.“Can you tell me how to get to the nearest restaurant？”the woman asked the policeman.
___________________________________________________________ 5.“The sun is bigger than the moon.”the teacher said to us.
___________________________________________________________ 6.Mr. Smith asked Mary if she would go out with him that night. ___________________________________________________________ 7.She told me that she would fly to London the next day.
___________________________________________________________ 8.The woman asked him why he had to sleep in the open air.
___________________________________________________________ 9.He asked me if I had visited Beijing two years before.
___________________________________________________________ 10.“How often do you go to the library？”the teacher asked the student. ___________________________________________________________
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