美国船级社2009材料与焊接规范(ABS) 翻译版

PART T a b l e o f C o n t e n t s 2

材料与焊接规范

目录

材料试验与认可规范

第1章 船体结构用材料 .................................................................................................. 7

第1节 一般要求 .............................................................................................. 7 第2节 普通强度船体结构钢 ........................................................................ 21 第3节 高强度船体结构钢 ............................................................................ 33 第4节 低温材料 ............................................................................................ 41

附录1 第2部分，第1、2和3章要求的破坏性和非破坏性检验列表 ................. 335

以及检验职责 .................................................................................................................. 335

附录4 轧制船用结构钢工厂认可程序(2006) ............................................................ 385

附录5 大线能量焊接船体结构钢工厂认可程序(2006) ............................................ 397

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第2部分

材料试验和认可规范

第1章 船体结构用材料

目录

第1节 一般要求........................................................................................................................... 7

1 试验和检验 .................................................................................................................... 7 1.1 综述 ......................................................................................................................... 7 1.2 制造商认可(2003) .................................................................................................. 7 1.3 试验和试验数据 ..................................................................................................... 8 1.5 基于ABS质量保证体系的轧制产品认可 ........................................................... 8 1.7 先前验收材料的报废 ............................................................................................. 8 1.9 校准试验机(2005) .................................................................................................. 8 1.11 结构管 ................................................................................................................... 8 1.13 ASTM参考(1998) ................................................................................................. 8 3 缺陷 ................................................................................................................................ 8 5 材料鉴定 ........................................................................................................................ 9 7 制造商的质量证明书 .................................................................................................... 9 7.1 质量证明书形式 ..................................................................................................... 9 7.3 其它质量证明书 ..................................................................................................... 9 9 标记和复验 .................................................................................................................... 9 9.1 试样的标记 ............................................................................................................. 9 9.3 试样的缺陷 ............................................................................................................. 9 9.5 复验 ....................................................................................................................... 10 9.7 报废材料 ............................................................................................................... 10 11 标准试样 .................................................................................................................... 10

11.1 综述(2005) ........................................................................................................ 10 11.3 试样取向 ........................................................................................................... 10 11.5 拉伸试样，板材和型钢(1996) ........................................................................ 10 11.9 弯曲试样，铸件或锻件(2005) ........................................................................ 10 11.11 冲击试样(2006) .............................................................................................. 11 11.13 公差(1998) ...................................................................................................... 11

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13 屈服点和屈服强度的定义和测定 ............................................................................ 11

13.1 屈服点(2005) .................................................................................................... 11 13.3 屈服强度(2005) ................................................................................................ 11 13.5 抗拉强度(2005) ................................................................................................ 11 14 伸长率(2005) ............................................................................................................. 12 15 尺寸允许偏差(1994) ................................................................................................. 12

15.1 范围(2002) ........................................................................................................ 12 15.5 型钢和棒材 ....................................................................................................... 12 16 厚度大于100 mm (4in.)的轧制板材(2009) ............................................................. 13 17 具有规定最小穿透厚度性能的钢板和宽扁钢(“Z”性能)(2007) ............................ 16

17.1 取样 ................................................................................................................... 16 17.3 拉伸试样数量 ................................................................................................... 17 17.5 拉伸试样尺寸 ................................................................................................... 17 17.7 拉伸试验结果 ................................................................................................... 17 17.9 复验 ................................................................................................................... 18 17.11 超声波探伤(2007) .......................................................................................... 18 17.13 标记 ................................................................................................................. 18 17.15 证明 ................................................................................................................. 18 19 成形材料 .................................................................................................................... 19 21 板材的超声波探伤 .................................................................................................... 19 23 断裂韧性试验(2006) ................................................................................................. 19

表1 依赖于产品和硫含量的批次尺寸(2005) .................................................................. 16 表2 面积缩减验收值(2005) .............................................................................................. 17 图1 标准拉伸试样(1)(1995) ............................................................................................... 13 图2 原始标距长度为50 mm (2 in.)的标准圆形拉伸试样(2008) ................................... 14 图3 夏氏V形缺口冲击试样 ............................................................................................ 15 图4 板材和宽扁钢取样位置(2005) .................................................................................. 17 图5 显示验收/报废以及复验标准的图表(2005) ............................................................. 18

第2节 普通强度船体结构钢 ................................................................................................. 21

1 普通强度船体结构钢(1996) ....................................................................................... 21 3 生产工艺 ...................................................................................................................... 21 3.1 由卷材制造的钢板 ............................................................................................... 21 5 化学成分 ...................................................................................................................... 21 5.1 熔炼分析 ............................................................................................................... 21 5.3 产品分析 ............................................................................................................... 21 5.5 特定成分 ............................................................................................................... 22 5.7 晶粒细化方法 ....................................................................................................... 22

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7 供货状态(2005) ........................................................................................................... 22 7.1 轧制状态—AR(2005) .......................................................................................... 22 7.3 热处理(1995) ........................................................................................................ 22 7.5 控制生产工艺(1995) ............................................................................................ 23 7.7 淬火+回火— QT(2005) ....................................................................................... 23 9 拉伸性能 ...................................................................................................................... 23 9.1 要求的拉伸性能 ................................................................................................... 23 9.3 拉伸试样 ............................................................................................................... 24 9.5 例外 ....................................................................................................................... 24 9.9 省略伸长率要求 ................................................................................................... 24 9.11 复验(1996) .......................................................................................................... 24 9.13 不合格试验(1996) .............................................................................................. 24 11 冲击性能 ...................................................................................................................... 25 11.1 冲击试验(1996) .................................................................................................. 25 11.3 冲击试验次数 ..................................................................................................... 25 11.5 初次试验要求 ..................................................................................................... 25 11.7 复验 ..................................................................................................................... 25 11.9 不合格试验 ......................................................................................................... 26 11.11 薄板(1996) ........................................................................................................ 26 13 标记 .............................................................................................................................. 26 13.1 钢印材料 ............................................................................................................. 26 13.3 卷，lifts，捆 ...................................................................................................... 26 13.5 冷弯边特性标记 ................................................................................................. 26 13.7 特殊钢印和标记 ................................................................................................. 26 13.9 特殊冲击试验 ..................................................................................................... 26 13.11 厚度性能改善的钢 ........................................................................................... 26 13.13 钢的超声波探伤 ............................................................................................... 27 13.15 发货程序 ........................................................................................................... 27 13.17 二手来源钢 ....................................................................................................... 27 15 表面精整 ...................................................................................................................... 27 15.1 表面检验(2008) .................................................................................................. 27 15.3 表面缺陷的处理 — 板材 ................................................................................. 27 15.5 表面缺陷的处理 — 型钢 ................................................................................. 28 15.7 棒材的修补 ......................................................................................................... 28

表1 ≤ 100 mm(4.0 in.)的普通强度船体结构钢的化学性能(1996) ............................... 29 表2 ≤ 100 mm (4.0 in.)的普通强度船体结构钢的拉伸性能(2008) .............................. 30 表3 B类试样的伸长率要求(1995) ................................................................................ 30 表4 ≤ 100mm (4.0 in.)的普通强度船体结构钢的冲击性能(2008) ............................... 31 表5 普通强度船体结构钢的供货状态及冲击试验次数(2005) .................................... 32

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第3节 高强度船体结构钢 ....................................................................................... 33

1 高强度船体结构钢(2005) ........................................................................................... 33 3 一般要求(1996) ........................................................................................................... 33 5 细化晶粒操作(1996) ................................................................................................... 33 7 TMCP钢的其它要求(1996) ....................................................................................... 34 7.1 碳当量 ................................................................................................................... 34 7.3 冷裂纹敏感系数 ................................................................................................... 34

表1 ≤ 100 mm (4.0 in.)的高强度船体结构钢的化学性能(1996) .................................. 35 表2 ≤ 100 mm (4.0 in.)的高强度船体结构钢的拉伸性能(2008) .................................. 36

表3 B试样的伸长率要求(1996) .................................................................................... 36 表4 ≤ 100 mm (4.0 in.)的高强度钢的冲击性能(2005) .................................................. 37 表5 高强船体结构钢的供货状态及冲击试验次数(2005) ............................................ 38 表6 采用TMCP工艺生产的 ≤ 100 mm (4.0 in.)的高强度船体结构钢的碳当量(2005)

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第4节 低温材料 ....................................................................................................... 41

1 综述 .............................................................................................................................. 41

3 标记 .............................................................................................................................. 41 5 韧性试验 ...................................................................................................................... 41 5.1 夏比V形缺口 ...................................................................................................... 41 5.3 落锤试验 ............................................................................................................... 41 7 服役温度0℃ (32 °F) 或以上 .................................................................................... 41 9 服役温度高于-55℃ (-67 °F) 低于0℃ (32 °F) ......................................................... 41

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