雅思英语语法讲义

——环球雅思Helen Yjx

雅思英语语法材料

第一章 谓语动词 第一讲 时态

一、时态表格

（一）一般（现在、过去、将来、过去将来） 一般 现在 过去 将来 主be + v-ing 主will/shall + v原… 主would/should + v原? 主was/were going to+ v原 过去将来 肯定句式 主is/are+… 主v原/v单三+… 主was/were+… 主v-ed+… 主is/are going to v：打算 一般现在（主将从现） 主be about to do sth马上 主will +be + doing sth将要 否定句式 主is/are not+… 主don’t/doesn’t + v原+… 主was/were not… 主didn’t + v原… 主be + not + v-ing 主won’t/shall not + v原 主is/are not going to+ v原 主Was/Were not going to+ v原 主would/ should not+ v原+…/ Would/Should主v原+…？ Was/were主going to+v原？ 疑问句式 Is/Are主+…? Do/Does主+v原？ Was/were主…? Did主+v原? Be主v-ing+…？ Will/Shall主+v原？ Is/Are主+v原？ 将来计划、明确安排； 预测、尚未安排、可能；考虑打算、事实预测 last When, as soon as, after, before, until, as long as; tomorrow…; next…; in+表示将来的重复、习惯；状态，客意义 观；频度，次数；列车、航班 频度副词：always, 动作已经完成；描述一系列动作；过去习惯 过去谈论将来 标志性的时间状语 often, rarely, usually, sometimes, seldom; once/twice/three/four+次数；every evening/ day week/month/year yesterday; night/week/month season / year; …ago; just now; 介词+过去的the next… week/month/season/year/century week/month/season/year… 时态“三字经”： 现在时，并不难；表重复，表习惯；表状态，表客观；有频度，有次数；看主语，定单三。

（二）（现在、过去、将来、过去将来）进行 进行 肯定句式 否定句式 现在 主is/are +v-ing 主is/are not +v-ing 过去 主was/were +v-ing 主was/were 将来 v-ing… not 主won’t be 过去将来 主was/were going to+ v原 + 主Was/Were not going to+ v原 1

主will/shall be + 主would + v原? ——环球雅思Helen Yjx

+v-ing… v-ing… Will主be 主wouldn’t+ v原/ + Would主+v原？ Was/were主going to+v原？ 疑问句式 Is/Are主+v-ing…? 说话时正在发生的状Was/were主+v-ing…? v-ing…？ 将来进行着的动作；纯粹的将来计划或安排 意义 态；目前正在进行的工作 now; at the moment, 为过去某一动作提供场景 过去谈论将来进行着的动作 标志性的时间状语 currently, presently, at present, this week when， while， as by this time tomorrow… b that time; the next day month/year （三）（现在、过去、将来、过去将来）完成 完成 肯定句式 否定句式 疑问句式 意义 现在 主has/have+v-ed… 过去 主had+v-ed… 将来 主will have+ v-ed… 主+won’t have+ v-ed Will主have+v-ed？ 将来某时之前完成的动作 过去将来 主would have+ v-ed… 主wouldn’t have+ v-ed… Would主have+ v-ed…? 过去将来某时之前完成的动作 主has/have not v-ed… 主had not + v-ed… Has/Have主+v-ed…? Had主+v-ed…? 过去动作持续到现在； 过去某时之前发生的过去动作影响到现在 for+时间段，since+时动作 when, as soon as, by the time…, sooner… after; 标志性的时间状语 间点; Ever, never, just, no Before, by+固定时Before, by+固定时间; in+某段时间 already, yet; before, till now, than…, 间; in+某段时间 hardly… when…

（四）（现在、过去、将来、过去将来）完成进行 完成进行 肯定句式 否定句式 疑问句式 主现在 has/have been +v-ing… +v-ing… Has/Have+v-ing…? 某种状态或动作持续了多久 for+时间段，since+时间点 主been 过去 主had been +v-ing… had not 将来 主will have been +v-ing… +v-ing… Will主have been + v-ing…？ 将来某时之前某个动作或状态存在了多久 by the end of… 过去将来 主would have+ been +v-ing… wouldn’t have been 主has/have not been 主been 主+won’t have been 主+v-ing… Had主been +v-ing…? 过去之前某一动作持续的长短或动作本身 for+时间段，since+时间点 +v-ing… Would主have been +v-ing…? 过去将来某时之前动作或状态存在了多久 意义 标志性的时间状语

by the end of… 二、基本时态演练

Listening to the following conversation.

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——环球雅思Helen Yjx

(一) Task One: fill in the blanks. 1. Interviewer: Your name? Peter: Peter __________. (1)

2. Interviewer: ________ (2) you work or _________ (3) you a student?

Peter: I’m studying really hard for my exams this month—I’m doing math’s at university—but I also________ (4) my parents out. They own a _________ (5) and I ________ (6) there as a waiter in the evenings, so I ____________ (7) a lot of free time during the week.

My mom is always saying that I _____________ (8) enough in the restaurant! But I do manage to find some free time most days.

3. Interviewer: Can you look at the _____ (9) and tell me whether you do any of these things and if so, how ____ (10)?

Peter: I love music and I’m learning to play the piano. I ______ (11) really early and practice for an hour or so just about every day. I also play the guitar in a band with some other friends. We used to practice together at least _____________ (12) a week but these days we only manager to meet about once __________________ (13).

4. Interviewer: What about the next thing on the list? -_________________ (14)?

Peter: Well, I used to play them all the time but now I’m too busy studying and I _______ (15) miss them at all.

5. Interviewer: Do you use a computer for other things?

Peter: I use the Internet just about ________ (16) for my studies. And I also use it to _____________ (17) my friends and my family. My cousin is living in Thailand at the moment and he _______ (18) me regular emails to let me know how much fun he’s having! He’s always visiting exciting places.

6. Interviewer: Now, how about _________________ (19)?

Peter: Actually, I joined the local football team when I was at school and I still play _______________ (20) provided I can get to training. I much prefer playing football to watch it on TV, though I do ______________ (21) watch a match if there’s a big final or something. 7. Interviewer: What about going to watch live matches?

Peter: I’d love to be able to afford to go every week because I ____________ (22) my local team, but students don’t ____________ (23) have much money, you know! I can remember the ___________ (24) I went to a live match. Oh, sorry, I can see my friends—I ____________ (25)

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——环球雅思Helen Yjx

go now!

（二）Task Two

Read through the conversation and find out: 1. Present simple sentences: 2. Present continuous: 3. Past simple sentences:

三、时态改错

1. People should act according to what they are believing.

2. In general, I think our government spent too much money on space travel.

3. Nowadays, many people in my country have sent their children to single-sex schools. 4. These days, more and more people traveling to very distant places for their holidays. 5. I am hoping it is not too late to save the environment. 6. The female hen laying on average 5 or 6 eggs per week. 7. Younger drivers is more likely to be involved in a car accident.

8. Most doctors are agreeing that the only way to lose weight is by doing more exercise.

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