2015年9月上海高级口译真题解析

complementary to each other so that in combination these strokes form the harmonious whole. It is a vivid symbol of Chinese people’s modesty and inclusiveness, cooperative and win-win mindset.

Chinese is a philosophical language, with many characters entailing profound meaning based on their ingredients of significance. For instance, “integrity” (信)in Chinese is composed of two parts: person (人) and word (言), signifying that a person should be as good as his word. It is the basic principle for Chinese people to conduct themselves and for China to coexist with other nations in the world. Chinese language enjoys worldwide renown of elegance and conciseness. It develops from pictograph to the calligraphic art for general appreciation, which is quite unique in the world.

2015年秋上海高级口译真题中译英部分解析

2015年9月高级口译汉英翻译部分考到了人文话题，涉及中文的发展演变历史。正如著名语言学家吕淑湘先生曾经指出，“汉语多流水小句”，中文的这一竹节式的结构特色在本次人文主题的翻译文章中也是得到了极致的体现。在翻译成英文时，考生还是要把握中英两种语言的差异，得其“意”而忘其“形”，即在意思上尽量与原文靠拢，而使结构达到整饬美。

本次高口翻译的中译英部分难度与往年持平，主要涉及常规考查热点中的人文主题。 一. 词性转换，语意依旧。词性转换法是中高级口译翻译部分所考到的最重要的翻译技巧，每次考试必有涉及，本次也不例外。例如：“传说中的仓颉造字让中国人有了共同的根”，此句中仍然体现了汉语中多用动词“造字”，而英文中多用名词，显得行文正式，因此翻译时可用到转性译法的名转动，译为 creation; 再如，“中文伴随着中华民族绵延至今”，也用到了动态化的结构“绵延至今”，在翻译时亦可转译为英文中的名词’the thread along the progress of the Chinese nation’; 再如：“这体现了中国人谦让包容、合作共赢的处事风格。”其中“体现”这一动词在翻译成英文时也可以转译为名词 symbol，凸显出行文的正式。

二. 有增有减，张弛有度。如文中“从甲骨文到简体汉字”，翻译时需把时间增译进来，即译为” from the inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells in the earliest times to the simplified characters in the present”; 再如，汉语是意合的文字，并不注重形式上的关联词，在译为英文时可适当增补逻辑关系词。“中文的“信”字由“人”和“言”组成”这一句是对前一句“中文富有哲理，很多字由意生字，寓意丰富”的举例阐述，增补for instance。

三. 有分有合，相得益彰。比如，文中“传说中的仓颉造字让中国人有了共同的根”这一句，如果考生觉得转性处理有难度，亦可将其进行拆分，即采用“传说中仓颉造字，这让中国人有了共同的根”，译为Legend has it that CangJie created the Chinese characters, which formed the common root for Chinese people，用定语从句进行连接。再如，中文富有哲理，很多字由意生字，寓意丰富。此句为典型的汉语竹节式小句结构，翻译时可用到谓语最小化原则，比如用到with结构，译为Chinese is a philosophical language, with many characters entailing profound meaning based on their ingredients of

significance.再如，中文的“信”字由“人”和“言”组成，意思就是“人要言而有信”。同样可用到谓语最小化原则，译为’For instance, “integrity” (信) in Chinese is

composed of two parts: person (人) and word (言), signifying that a person should be as good as his word.