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牛津英语8B 单元复习要点1-8

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加油,少年!努力学习吧

8B 单元复习要点

(Unit 1) 一、词形变化

north—northern south—southern east—eastern west—western marry—married wife—wives pollute—pollution lonely—ablone situate—situation recent—recently possible—possibly—impossible communicate—communication exact—exactly

二、重要短语

in the past 在过去

at present 现在=at the moment just now 刚才

used to do sth 过去常常---,曾经…… be / get used to sth / doing sth 习惯于…… be used to do sth 被用来做

since then 自从那时起=from the on turn/ change---into ----把……变成…… over/ during/ in the past / last---- 在过去的……(时间)中 over the years 在这些年中

over the past century 在过去的一百年中 a waste of time 浪费时间

in some ways 在某种程度上,在某些方面 feel lonely 觉得孤独

from time to time 时常,有时候 =at times / sometimes

have an interview with sb 采访/ 面试某人=interview sb

all one’s life 一生,终生 go abroad 出国

keep in touch (with sb ) (与某人) 保持联系

communicate with sb 和某人交流 open space 开阔地

share sth with sb 和某人分享某物 be kind to sb 对某人好

the changes in Beijing 北京的变化 transport at different times 不同时代的交通工具 go around the city 到市郊

1

wait for---等候……

know---well 熟悉……,对…很了解 in the northern part of----在……的北部 =in the north of---- =in the northern----- get married 结婚 get/ be married to sb 和某人结婚,嫁/娶某人 move to---搬到……

move (---) away (把……) 搬走 move into ----搬进…… change a lot 变化很大 post office 邮政局

in the town centre 在镇中心 =in the centre of town a steel factory 钢厂

put the waste into the river 把废物排进河里 improve the situation 改善状况 play cards 打牌

play Chinese chess 下中国象棋 railway station 火车站

living condition生活条件;居住环境 a modern town 一个现代化的城镇

communicate by email 通过电子邮件联系 make communication much easier 使得交流容易得多 take place 发生 primary school 小学 on one’s own 独自 =by oneself enjoy a comfortable life 享受舒适的生活 on both sides 在两边 = on each/ either side run through---贯穿……

三、重点语言点

1.used to do 表示过去常做而现在已经不再发生的动作或状态,其否定形式可用usedn’t do 或者didn’t use to , there used to be 过去有…… be used to sth / doing sth 习惯于……,to 是介词,其宾语可以是名词或代词,也可以是动名词。

be used to do sth =be used for doing 被用来做某事

2.marry是不及物动词和短暂性动词,其后接宾

加油,少年!努力学习吧

语时用to而不能用with,与一段时间连用时须改为be married

3. ------has changed a lot----- 变化很大=Many / Great changes have taken place ----

=There have been great/many changes

4. 现在完成时

(1)现在完成时表示过去已经开始,持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。须和时间段状语连用。 如for、since 等引导的时间状语。(注意:句中谓语动词要用延续性动词) for: + 一段时间, 如:for two days, since+过去的时间点,如:since two days ago, since 2014, since you came here, since 引导时间状语从句时, 从句的时态用一般过去时;

(2)现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。(汉语中常用“已经”、“过”、“了”等表达) 通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词just(句中), already(句中,句末), before(句末), yet(句末), never(句中), ever(句中),recently(句末)等状语连用。

ever “曾经”一般只用于疑问句,yet “还,仍”一般用于否定句和疑问句。

与现在完成时连用的时间状语与副词有:for, since, ever, never, just, already, yet, during/over/in the past/last few years, so far, till now, up to now等,但不能和表示过去的时间状语连用如just now, ----ago, last----, 也不能与疑问词when连用。

She’s -----, he’s ----的完全形式可能是she is ---/ he is ---- 也可能是she has----/ he has-----,完成反义疑问句时须加以注意。如: She’s never late ,is he ?

She’s never been late, has he ?

She’s visited Beijing before, hasn’t he ? 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别

①一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作,和现在不发生关系。

而现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调的是现在的情况。如: I bought a new computer last week.——只强调动作发生在过去。

I have bought a new computer.——不强调动作什么时候发生,只强调现在的结果是拥有了一

台新电脑。

②一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时间状语,不能与表示过去的时间连用,不能与when连用。

◎ 一般过去时的时间状语有:yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now等具体的时间状语。

◎ 现在完成时的时间状语有:for, since, ever, never, just, already, yet, so far, in the past/last few years等不确定的时间状语。 5)过去分词的构成

规则动词:规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则:

①一般动词,在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 如:work---worked---worked, visit---visited---visited ②以“ e ”结尾的动词,只在词尾加“ d ”。 如: live---lived---lived , ③以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词,将 “y” 变为“i” ,再加“ ed ”,如:

study---studied---studied, cry---cried---cried ④重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写该辅音字母,再加“ ed ”。 如: stop---stopped---stopped, drop---dropped--dropped

8B 单元复习要点

(Unit2) 一、词形变化

travel—travelling—traveller miss—missing marry—married

die—dying—dead—death

beauty—beautiful busy—business fly—flight direct—directly—indirect 二、重点短语

roller coaster 过山车 such as 例如

a couple of--- 一对,几个 at the end of ----在……末尾 on business 出差,做生意 theme park 主题公园 go sailing 去航海 place of interest 名胜

2

加油,少年!努力学习吧

go for a holiday 去度假 on holiday 在度假

a trip to Hong Kong 去香港的旅行 have a fantastic time 玩得高兴 =have fun= enjoy oneself

spend the whole day 度过一整天 at high speed 以高速 through the ride 在过程中 hurry to ----匆忙到…… in a hurry 匆忙地

can’t stop doing 不停地做…… later in the afternoon 傍晚前后 take photos 拍照

winter /summer holiday 寒假 Chinese gardens 中国园林

places of natural beauty自然美景的地方 seaside cities 海滨城市 all year round 一年到头

the best time to do 做某事的最佳时间 take a direct flight 乘直达航班 leave (---) for ---- 动身去---- fly to---- 乘飞机去…… =go to ---by plane/ air some day (将来) 某一天 watch the fireworks 观看烟火

a visit / trip to ----去……的旅行/ 参观 at this / that time of year 在每年的这个/ 那个时候 dolphin show 海豚表演 by the way 顺便问一下 go for a picnic 去野餐

attend a meeting 参加/出席会议 三、重要语言点

1. have/ has been to ----

has/ have been to ----意为“去过……”表示主语过去的经历,但现在已经不在目的地,常和ever, never, before, once , twice 等连用 He has been to the USA twice. 他去过美国两次。

Where have you been ? I have waited for a long time.

你去哪了?我等了你很久了。 2. have/ has gone to----

has/have gone to---意为“去……了”,表示主语现在的去向,已经不在说话之处,一般只用于第三人称,常和just, already 等连用 Where has she gone ? I have something important to tell her.

她去哪了?我有些重要的事情要告诉她。

Suzy is not at home. She has gone to the bookshop.

Suzy不在家,她去书店了。 3. have/ has been in/ at-----

has/ have been in/ at ----意为“在/ 到……一 段时间了”,表示主语已经在目的地,been in/at –代替了短暂性动词come/ go to ---, arrive in/at----, reach/ get to ---等,常和for-----/ since----一起连用

Mr. Wang has been in Nanjing since he was born. 王先生出生以来就在南京了。 4. 延续性动词和终止性动词

终止性动词可以用于现在完成时,一般但 不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。如:for+时间 段, since+时间点/从句连用,也不能用于how long引导的特殊疑问句,但否定句中可以接一 段时间。

终止性动词和表示时间段状语连用时须改为延 续性动词,如:borrow改为keep, buy改为have, leave改为be away (from), begin改为be on, finish/end 改为be over等等。

延续动词用于现在完成时一般须和表示一段时 间的状语连用。如:for+时间段, since+时间点/ 从句连用。

一般过去时与现在完成时的句型替换 His grandfather died five years ago.

=His grandfather has been dead for five years. =It’s / has been five years since his grandfather died.

=Five years has passed since his grandfather died. His father joined the Party ten years ago.

His father has been in the Party since ten years ago.

His father has been a member of the Party for ten years.

It’s ten years since his father joined the Party.

Ten years has passed since his father joined the Party.

常用终止性动词/短暂性动词/瞬间动词

begin--- be on marry/get married--- be married

3

加油,少年!努力学习吧

finish/ stop--- be over die -----be dead come to/ go to /arrive in(at)------be in/ at buy----- have open -----be open

close-----be closed leave----- be away (from) catch a cold----have a cold

borrow-----keep fall asleep----be asleep join ----be in / be a member of become -----be take part in----be in 两个特殊句型

It’s / has been -----(时间) since----- --(时间) has passed since------ His grandfather died five years ago.

His grandfather has been dead for five years.

It’s / has been five years since his grandfather died.

牛津英语8B 单元复习要点

( unit 3)

一、重要的词形变化

Asia—Asian Africa—African

Europe—European America—American south—southern dark—darkness

relax—relaxing—relaxed music—musical please—pleased—pleasant—pleasure twenty—twentieth Britain—British tour—tourist centre—central 二、重点短语

in the past 在过去 the other day 几天前 so far 到现在为止 =up to now / till now

realize your dream 实现你的梦想 some day 某一天(将来)

on the southern coast of Australia 在澳大利亚的东南海岸

(be ) the opposite of---在……的对面,和……相反/对

a ship with many sails 一艘有许多帆的船 on the website 在网页上 for example/ such as 例如

mind sb/ sb’s doing 介意某人做某事 daily English 日常英语 book tickets 预订票 order meals 点餐

4

see a doctor 看医生/ 看病

place of natural beauty 自然美景 prepare for ----为……做好准备 =get ready for---- take an online tour 进行一次网上旅行 remote control 遥控器 main unit 主机

do word processing 文字处理 world-famous trade centre 闻名世界的贸易中心 in the darkness 在黑暗中

send and receive emails 收发电子邮件 so such for sth 到此为止 =that’s all for sth dream of/ about----梦见/梦想…… my pleasure 不用谢,乐意效劳(事后) =it’s my/a pleasure with pleasure 乐意,愿意做(事前) be made up of----由……组成

around the world 全世界,世界各地 place of interest 名胜

search for information 搜寻信息 click on the icon 点击这个图标 at the top of-----在……顶端 at the bottom of----在……底部

at the southern end of----在……最南端 further on 再往前走,继续向前 see the huge glass ball falling through the darkness

看巨大的玻璃球划破夜幕降落下来 after a hard day’s work 在一天的辛勤工作后

be famous for ----因……而出名 since the early twentieth century 自20世纪初以来

hear of / about ----听说…… what----for ?为什么

in daily communication 在日常交流中 welcome the New Year迎接新年(的到来) 三、主要语言点和语法

1. Would you mind showing me how to start this online tour ?

No, of course not ./ Certainly not. / Not at all.

Sorry , (you’d) better not.

2. What do you usually use your computer for ?

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