Unit 1 How do you study for a test ?
一.教材分析
(一)学习目标(Language Goal)
1. Talk about how to study . 学会讨论各种学习方-法和策略。
2. Find out your suitable learning methods. 找出适合自己的学习方法。
(二)语言结构(Language Structures)
1. Verb + by with gerund by+动名词短语 表示“通过?途径,方法” 2. How questions have引导的特殊疑问句
(三)目标语言(Target Language)
1. How do you study for tests ? 你是怎样准备考试的? Well , I study by working with my classmates. 哦,我和同学们一起学习。
2. Have you ever studied with a group ? 你曾经参加过学习小组吗?
Yes , I have . I’ve learned a lot that way .
是的,参加过。通过这种方式我学了许多。 3. I don’t have a partner to practice English with . 我没有同伴可以练习英语。
Maybe you should join an English club. 或许,你应该参加一个英语俱乐部。
4. What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation ? 大声朗读来练习发音怎么样?
Why don’t you join an English language club ? 你为什么不参加一个英语俱乐部呢?
(四)Key words and phrases (重点词汇)
1、 make mistakes in sth
14.memorize/recite the words/text 2、 later on 15、frustrate sb = make sb frustrated 3、laugh at sb 16、spoken/oral English 4、 take notes=write down the notes 17、full comma 5、 make up 18、regard sth as a challenge
6、 deal with=do with
19. impress sb 7、 go by 20、be impressed deeply by sb 8、 try one’s best to do sth 21、have trouble/difficulty(in)doing sth 9、 break off 22、look up the words in a dictionary 10、make/use flashcards 23、study for a text 11、make a vocabulary list 24、improve my listening/speaking skills 12、 get the pronunciation right =pronounce 25、enlarge the vocabulary right 26. watch English news 13、 specific advice/suggestions 27、join an English club
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28、keep a diary in English
43.solve the problem 29、review notes
44.realize sth =sth come true 30、write original sentences
45. make a complete sentence 31、get mad at sb
46. complete/finish doing sth 32、the best way to learn English
47. the secret of sth 33、be fair/unfair
48.developping country 34、on duty 49、developped country
35、it’s one’s duty to do sth
50. compare A to B 36. be lost/missing 51.physical problems 37. young adults 52、in a positive way 38. see a psychologist 53. last for a long time 39.get a lot of practices 54、first of all 40. behave with sb 55、to begin with 41. stay angry 56、help a lot/a little 42. change problems/troubles/difficulty into 57、have disagreement challenge 58. be strict with sb /in sth.
(四)重点、难点:(Key points and difficulties)
1. by 介词,表示“通过?方法或途径”的意思,译成“靠、通过” by后面可以加名词或动名词短语 eg.
(1)The house was destroyed by fire. 房屋被火烧毁了。 (2)travel by air (land , sea)航空(陆路、航海)旅行。 (3)go by train (boat , bus)乘火车(船,公共汽车)去 (4)shake sb by the hand 和某人握手
(5)I study English by watching English movies. 我通过看英文电影学英语。 另外,by作为介词的含义有很多,我们也已经学习过一些用法,总结如下 (1)在?旁边、靠近
eg. There is a power station by the river. 河边有一个电厂。 (2)沿着、经由eg. come by the highway 由公路来 (3)由于 eg. by mistake 由于差错
(4)被、由 eg. some articles written by Luxun. 一些由鲁迅写的文章 (5)(表示面积)eg. a room 5m by 4m 一间长五米宽四米的房间 (6)逐批 eg. one by one 一个接一个 (7)表示方法、途径 如上
2. “How”questions
How 引导特殊疑问句,有两种含义 (1)表示问候 eg. How do you do ? How are you ?
How’s everything going ? (2)表示“怎样”
eg. How is your new house ?
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你的新房子怎么样? It’s great. 它太棒了。
How do you learn English ? 你是怎样学英文的?
I learn English by reading lots of English magazines. 我通过读大量英文杂志学习英文。
注意how和what引导的疑问句是不一样的,不能混淆。 how通常对程度或方式进行提问,意为“怎么样”,回答通常做状语或表语,what 常对动作的发出者或接受者进行提问,意为“什么”,回答通常主语或宾语。 试比较:
(1)How is your summer holiday ? It is perfect. (表程度,表语) (2)How did you travel around the world ? I travelled by bike. (表方式,状语) (3)What do you learn at school ?
I learn Chinese , English , Maths and other subjects. (学习的科目,做宾语) (五)3a in Section A 疑难解释
1.
eg. He asked his mother to buy him a new bicycle. 他请求他母亲给他买一辆新自行车。 2. Many said they learnt by using English .
许多(学生)说他们通过使用英语来学习。
Many在这里是代词,而不是形容词,意为Many students. Many is a large number of something.
例如:We can put away many of these plates . We don’t need this many. 我们可以把许多盘子收起来,用不着这么多。
3. frustrating V.S. frustrated
eg. I felt frustrated at that time. 那时,我觉得很沮丧。 类似的还有
interesting V.S. interested boring V.S. bored
disappointing V.S. disappointed exciting V.S. excited
4. not at all 根本不,全然不
eg. My brother did not like the scarf at all.
not经常可以和助动词结合在一起,at all 则放在句尾
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5. get excited 变得兴奋起来 get是系动词,有“逐渐变得”的含义 get + adj
eg. get mad 生气 get clear变得清楚了
The long journey got the children all tired. 长途旅行使得孩子们疲惫不堪。
6. end up doing sth 终止做某事,结束做某事 后面加动名词短语 另外,end up with ? 以?结束 The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。
7. 在3a中,出现了大量的动名词。我们有必要了解动名词的结构及用法,动名词即动词的ing形式,相当于名词,在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语定语等。 eg.
(1)I think that doing lots of listening practice is one of the secrets of learning. doing ?为动名词短语,做从句中的主语,而listening 做定语,修饰practice. (2)I’m enjoying learning English . (动名词短语做宾语)
(3)Seeing is believing 眼见为实(Seeing 做主语,believing 做表语)
(六)3a in Section B 疑难解析
1. First of all , it wasn’t easy for me to understand the teacher. 首先,对我而言,听懂老师的话并不容易。 first of all 首先
It is (was) ?for sb to do sth .
在这个句型中,不定式做真正的主语,it是形式主语。
2. 一些词组
laugh at sb 嘲笑某人 take notes 记笔记
enjoy doing sth 乐意做某事 be impressed 深受感动的
3. 在这篇文章中,出现了许多表示顺序或承接的连词或词组。这些词使全文流畅、生动、层次清晰,条理清楚。在写作中,正确使用连接词,会使文章增色不少,提高档次。在文章中,出现的词有: first of all 首先
to begin with 一开始 later on 后来、随
also 也、而且(用于肯定句) either 也(用于否定句) so 因此 then然后
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