年产15万吨甲醇合成工艺设计
The Design of Methanol Synthesis Process of 150kta
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目录
摘要 ....................................................................................................................... Ⅰ Abstract .................................................................................................................. Ⅱ 引 言 ............................................................................................................................................. 1 第一章 概 述 .............................................................................................................................................. 2
1.1甲醇的设计背景 ................................................................................................................. 2 1.1.1甲醇的性质 ...................................................................................................................... 2 1.1.2甲醇的用途 ...................................................................................................................... 2 1.2 甲醇生产的发展 ................................................................................................................ 3 1.2.1甲醇工业的发展 .............................................................................................................. 4 1.2.2甲醇生产相关技术的发展 .............................................................................................. 4 1.3 甲醇合成工艺原理 ............................................................................................................ 5 1.4甲醇的合成方法 ................................................................................................................. 5 1.4.1.常用的合成方法 .............................................................................................................. 5 1.4.2 合成方法的选择 ............................................................................................................. 5
第二章 工艺流程设计 ........................................................................................................................... 6
2.1 合成工艺流程介绍 ............................................................................................................ 6 2.2工艺条件的选择 ................................................................................................................. 7
第三章 合成工艺设计计算 ................................................................................................................ 9
3.1物料衡算 ........................................................................................................................... 10 3.1.1合成塔物料衡算 ............................................................................................................ 10 3.1.2分离器物料衡算 ............................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。 3.2 甲醇生产的能量平衡计算 .............................................................. 错误！未定义书签。 3.2.1合成塔热量衡算 ............................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。 3.2.2水冷器热量衡算 ............................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。
第四章 设备计算及选型 ...................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。
4.1 甲醇合成塔设备工艺计算 .............................................................. 错误！未定义书签。 4.1.1确定流体流量 ................................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。 4.2 传热面积的确定 .............................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。 4.3催化剂用量的确定 ........................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 4.4设备参数计算 ................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 4.4.1传热管数的确定 ............................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。 4.4.2合成塔壳体直径的确定 ................................................................................................ 10 4.4.3 合成塔壳体厚度的确定 ............................................................................................... 10 4.4.4合成塔封头的确定 ........................................................................................................ 11 4.4.5管子拉脱力的计算 ........................................................................................................ 11 4.5折流板的确定 ................................................................................................................... 12 4.6塔体工艺设计参数验算 ................................................................................................... 12 4.6.1热流量核算 .................................................................................................................... 12 4.6.2传热面积核算 ................................................................................................................ 13
结 论 ........................................................................................................................................... 14 致 谢 ........................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 参考文献 .................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 附 录 ........................................................................................................................................... 33
附录A工艺流程图 ............................................................................................................... 33 附录B 设备图 ...................................................................................................................................... 33
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年产15万吨甲醇合成工艺的设计
摘要:甲醇（Methanol）又名木醇，木酒精，甲基氢氧化物，是一种最简单的饱和醇，化学式为CHO。甲醇是由煤气化或天然气转化生成合成气合成的化工产品，它既是一种重要的、需求量巨大的基本有机化工原料，也是一种新型的清洁能源。甲醇应用逐渐扩展到石油替代领域，围绕甲醇产品开发出了烯烃等新的替代石油产品。
本设计是以煤为原料生产甲醇，合成塔选用Lurgi低压甲醇合成塔。此塔形似列管
式换热器，在塔内列管中装填催化剂，管间为沸腾水，原料气进入塔内列管中发生一系列化学反应；由要求的年产量，计算合成塔物料衡算、热量衡算、相关参数的经验估算或实验资料，经由计算分析确定各个设备的技术参型。通过热量衡算，可知甲醇合成塔中放热
Abstract: Methanol, also known as wood alcohol, wood alcohol, methyl or natural gas
to produce synthesis gas. It is not only an important and a energy. The application of methanol is gradually extended to the field of oil alternatives, meanwhile, olefins and other new alternative petroleum products developed around the methanol products.
is based on coal as raw materials to produce methanol, and choses the Lurgi low pressure methanol synthetic tower as synthesis reactor. The synthesis tower is similar in form of column tube type the lumen of tube, and the boiling water flowing from the shell side. A series of chemical reactions that occur when the feed gas through into column tube of the tower. By the requirements of the annual output, the material balance, calculations of main equipment methanol synthesis tower, determining the body's diameter is 2,500 millimetre, and thickness is 23 millimetre. The synthetic tower tube size, the total number of 2687,length 9000mm, the distribution of the equilateral triangle arrangement Keywords: Methanol; Low tension method; Synthetic tower; Balance
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