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北外英语专业超全面翻译笔记(77)

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for precedent是和were regulated组成的一个被动结构:were regulated by…。这样,save这一部分就不是一个句子,只是一个修饰成分。事实上,save是个介词,作“除了”解,相当于but,或是except。

63.It is the two superpowers that should be responsible for the hostilities in the Middle East.应对中东战争(×敌对状态)负责的是两个超级大国。

有一些名词,特别是抽象名词的单数变成复数后,意义是不一样的。“hostility单数作“enmity,“ill will“敌意”“敌视”解,但“hostilities复数作“war“战争”解。

64. )...he let the line slip down,down,down,unrolling off the first of the two reserve coils.……他就松手让钓丝滑下去,下去,下去,把两卷备用的(×多余的)钓丝也松开了一卷。

reserve有“预备着的”,“多余的”意思,这里应是“备用”之意。

\才\的用法

1. (= a moment ago; just):你怎麼才來就要走? You?ve only just come. Why do you want to leave so soon? /他才回到家裡,湯姆就來找他了. He had just got home when Tom came looking for him.

2. (= not until; 前面加“時間詞”): 他九點鐘才來,太晚了. He didn?t come until 9 o?clock. That was too late. /大風到晚上才止住了.The gale didn?t stop until evening. /他走了兩個鐘頭才走到.It took him two hours to get there. /你為什麼這會兒才說

呢? How come you didn?t say anything until now?

3. (= not unless; not until; then and only then; for no other reason): 他吃了三碗麵才飽. He wasn?t full until he had eaten three bowls. /經他解釋之後,我才明白是怎麼回事. I didn?t understand what was going on until he explained it to me. /他說行才行.It?s O.K. only if he says so. /只有靠群眾,才能把工作做好.Only by relying on the people can we do our work well. /正因為我們有困難,才派我們去. We were sent precisely because there were problems there.

4. (= only;後面跟“數詞”): 現在才八點鐘,還早著呢. It?s only

8 o?clock, so there?s still plenty of time. /才五塊錢嗎?真便宜. Only five dollars? That?s really cheap. /這孩子才五歲,已經認得不少字了. The child is only five, and he already knows quite a few characters.

5. (= actually; really; 用於肯定或衝突,強調“才“字之前的詞,通常句尾用”呢“字作語助詞):這才好呢! Now this is really good! /你以為他傻嗎? 他才不傻呢! You think he is stupid? Not him! /我才懶得管呢! I can?t be bothered! 或 I couldn?t care less. /你才是撒

謊! You are the one who?s lying. /他要是不知道才怪呢!I?d be really surprised if he didn?t know.

6. (表示事情在前不久發生;剛才):The performance has just started.節目才開始.Why leave so soon?怎麼,才來就要走?

7. (表示事情發生或結束得晚):He left New York only yesterday.他昨天才離開紐約.

8. (表示只有在某種條件下或由於某種原因、目的,然後怎麼樣,前面常有“只有、必須、因為、由於”等配合):非等起重機來了才能裝?#092;嗎?Must we wait till the crane arrives before we start loading.只有肯努力,才能得到好成績.Only you study hard can you get good results.

9. (對比起來表示數量小,次數少,能力插等等;僅僅):1949年以前中國剛年產量最高才90多萬噸.Before 1949, China?s highest annual output of steel was only just over 900,000 tons.當時他才五歲.He was only five years old then.

10. (表示強調所說的事,句尾常用“呢”字):麥子長的才好呢!The wheat is coming along fine.他要是不知道才怪呢!It would be really strange if he didn?t know.屋子裡不熱外面才熱呢!It is not hot in the house, nut it?s really hot outside.

請注意! 在英文中這個“才”字不一定是非要用”某個單字”來表達不可;它可以用一些特別的句型,片語或語氣來表達.所以,學會用這些特別的句型,片語或語氣來表達是很重要的.

“非常, 很, 极其”的英文表达法

相信大家都会有这样的经历: 每每用英语表达一些很一般的概念时, 我们总会立刻想起某个表达法. 例如: 想说\很\时,立

刻想到了very或very much; 想说\大\时, 则用big或large.这样的一一对应, 大大减弱了英语写作的丰富性和生动性.

于是这些最先为我们想到的表达法, 便成了我们提高英语水平的羁绊. 如果我们能把这些最常用概念的英语表达归类, 总结, 贫乏的英语表达便会涣然一新.

在英语中用来表达\极其, 非常, 很\的方式有26种:

1) most

(used for giving force)

a. (to an adjective) very

It really is most annoying.

b.(to an adverb) quite; very

Whatever happens, I shall most certainly attend the meeting.

注意:

most只能修饰具有主观意见或感情色彩的形容词和副词, 表示\非常, 很\的概念.我们可以说 most certainly, 但不能说most tall 或 most quick

2) awfully adv.

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